scholarly journals Couples talk about breastfeeding: Interviews with parents about decision-making, challenges, and the role of fathers and professional support

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 205510292110291
Author(s):  
Erin J Henshaw ◽  
Maria Mayer ◽  
Sarina Balraj ◽  
Elsie Parmar ◽  
Kristine Durkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
The United States ◽  
Professional Support ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
First Child ◽  
Breastfeeding Rates ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Despite health benefits, sustained breastfeeding rates remain low in the United States, and the role of partners in breastfeeding is not well understood. Using a grounded theory approach, the current qualitative study explored how couples communicate regarding breastfeeding decisions and challenges. Mother-father dyads ( n = 16) completed individual semi-structured interviews 1 year after the birth of their first child. Following iterative qualitative analysis, three phases of breastfeeding communication emerged: Should we try this? ( Mother’s opinion counts) How do we make this work? (adjusting and problem-solving) and How do we settle into a routine? (gaining confidence, resolving issues) Findings underscore the complexity of defining the partner role in breastfeeding.

scholarly journals Where to Go From Here? Toward a Model of 2-Year College Students’ Postsecondary Pathway Selection

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly R. Wickersham
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Student Mobility ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach ◽  
Postsecondary Pathways

Objective: Empirical work explaining student mobility, particularly postsecondary pathways among 2-year college students, remains limited. This study examines the underlying process that drives 2-year college students into one or more pathways as they navigate higher education. Method: Drawing upon survey, transcript, and interview data from one transfer-focused and two comprehensive community colleges in a Midwestern state, this study uses a grounded theory approach to develop a conceptual model to understand college students’ decision-making process when choosing among competing postsecondary pathways. Results: The resulting College Pathway (Re)Selection Model Among Beginning 2-Year College Students contained two categories—lifetime decision-making and short-term decision-making—that defined the purposes of students’ decisions as they navigate postsecondary education. Within the categories, 2-year college students described the role of payoff, fit, transferability, place, flexibility, and mobility in their decision-making process. Contributions: This study offers a new model that explains what shapes 2-year college students’ decisions and challenges notions of postsecondary pathways, student progress, success, and completion in the context of 2-year college students’ fluid lives and goals.

Our Columnists on the A-Bomb

1950 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-87
Author(s):  
Janet Besse ◽  
Harold D. Lasswell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
The United States ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject

Opinion differs about the role of syndicated columnists in the forming of national opinion and in the decision-making process in the United States. Our columnists have been the subject of pioneering studies, but we have a long way to go before the picture can be called historically complete, scientifically precise, or fully satisfactory for policy-making purposes. What the columnists say is an important chapter in the history of the American public, and history is most useful for critical purposes when written close to the event. The general theory of communication and politics can be refined as the details of the opinion process are more fully known.

scholarly journals Telemedicine in The Context of Covid-19- A Qualitative Study of Cancer Patients and Clinicians

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Chan Tai Kong ◽  
Ashfaq Chauhan ◽  
Anaïs Tiffany Ah Leung ◽  
Melvin Chin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Metropolitan Regions ◽  
Theoretical Sampling ◽  
Proper Training ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Abstract Background:Prior to the Covid-19 pandemic, telemedicine was only used to deliver health care to patients living in remote areas of Australia. However, the spread of the Covid-19 virus pushed the widespread uptake of telemedicine across Australia, including in metropolitan regions. This qualitative study will explore the medical oncology (MO) patient and clinician experience of telemedicine in a metropolitan setting as a result of Covid-19.Method:Participants were selected and invited to participate by theoretical sampling from MO clinicians and patients attending MO clinics at Prince of Wales Hospital. Data was collected by in-depth semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was performed to analyse the interview data. Transcripts were coded using the grounded theory approach to identify overarching themes.Results:Twelve participants were recruited to the study. Most participants viewed the adoption of telemedicine positively because it was considered as convenient, efficient and could be used in order to reduce the spread of Covid-19. Nonetheless, participants complained about the poor implementation of telemedicine, technical difficulties and lack of proper training. Finally, providers expressed mixed views over the lack of personal interaction and the lack of physical examination from telemedicine. However, both clinicians and patients viewed telemedicine as acceptable to be used in the context of routine follow-ups.Conclusion:Although some operational improvements are necessary, the role of telemedicine in the follow up of MO patients seems likely to continue beyond Covid-19.

scholarly journals Dementia Diagnosis and Challenges in Minority Populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 161-162
Author(s):  
Halima Amjad ◽  
Marcela Blinka ◽  
Jennifer Aufill ◽  
Quincy Samus
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Care Relationships ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach ◽  
Poor Memory

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias are underdiagnosed in the United States, with potentially higher rates of underdiagnosis among minority groups. Our objective was to examine perceptions of dementia, the utility and timeliness of diagnosis, and experiences obtaining diagnosis and care in minorities. We recruited 17 family caregivers of African American (n=11), Latino (n=3), and Asian (n=3) persons with dementia (PWD) to complete surveys and semi-structured interviews. Caregivers were mostly female (n=14), children of PWD (n=14), and had greater than high school education (n=16). Mean PWD age at diagnosis was 76 years (range 63-90) with mean 17 months from symptom observation to diagnosis (range 0.5-36 months). Interview themes were coded using a grounded theory approach. Emerging themes related to concerns prior to diagnosis, diagnosis experiences, timeliness of diagnosis, ways to improve diagnosis and care, familiarity with dementia, and stigma. Poor memory was the most common early concern; caregivers also noted behavioral symptoms, weight loss, family stress, and PWD vulnerability. Caregivers recalled key moments when they knew something was wrong. Primary care was the most frequent starting point in diagnosis; longstanding primary care relationships both facilitated and hindered diagnosis. Nine of the 17 caregivers felt diagnosis was delayed. Caregivers preferred clinicians who were forthcoming with the diagnosis and what to expect and noted the importance of family meetings or counseling. Prior experience or knowledge of dementia was common. Caregiver perspectives and experiences elicited in this study may be translated to interventions and clinical practices that proactively detect and address dementia in minorities.

scholarly journals Who, What, Where, When, and How? A Typology of Drought Decision-Making on Public and Tribal Lands in the North-Central United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-627
Author(s):  
Tyler A. Beeton ◽  
Shannon M. McNeeley
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Usable Information ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

AbstractAlthough drought is a natural part of climate across the north-central United States, how drought is experienced and responded to is the result of complex biophysical and social processes. Climate change assessments indicate drought impacts will likely worsen in the future, which will further challenge decision-making. Here, a drought management decision typology is empirically developed from synthesis of three in-depth case studies using a modified grounded-theory approach. The typology highlights 1) the entity or entities involved, 2) management sectors, 3) decision types, 4) spatial and temporal scale(s) of decision-making, and 5) barriers that inhibit decision-making. Findings indicate similarities in decision types and barriers across cases. Changes in operations, practices, or behaviors; information and technology; and legal or policy changes were the most common decision types, while commonly cited barriers were institutional constraints, fragmented decision-making, and limited personnel and financial resources. Yet barriers and responses also differed within and between sectors and jurisdictions. Several barriers inhibited anticipatory, regional, and interagency drought response, such as limited institutional support, competing mandates, limited resources, lack of usable information, limits to interagency fund transfers, and historical context and distrust among entities. Findings underscore the importance of documenting nuanced decision-making in local places and broader generalizations in decision-making across scales. This contributes to the goal of developing drought science that is actionable for decision-making.

Pre- and Midtrial Publicity in the Age of Internet and Social Media

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarika Daftary-Kapur ◽  
Steven D. Penrod
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Juror Decision Making ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Internet And Social Media

Although juror misconduct has always been a concern, the prevalence of technology available to jurors has increased the ease with which jurors can improperly communicate with others, publish information regarding the trial, and conduct outside research on the case. This chapter discusses the role of the Internet and social media in the courtroom and how access to this information in the form of midtrial publicity might impact juror decision-making. Additionally, it discusses steps that have been taken by courts around the United States to address the issue of Internet use by jurors as well as recommendations to limit the impact of the Internet and social media on juror decision-making.

Protecting others, compassion, and sacrifice: The toll of disaster policing on law enforcement officers in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 0032258X2110447
Author(s):  
Liz Davenport Pollock ◽  
Daniel Augusto
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Family Role ◽  
Work Family ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

This study used a qualitative grounded theory approach to explore disaster experiences of law enforcement officers (LEO)s ( n = 56), in two high disaster areas of the United States. Respondents indicated that disasters cause increased stress on LEOs from fatigue, extended shifts, changing duties, increased workload, work–family role conflict, and new operational expectations and challenges within the agency during disasters. Family safety was also identified as a critical stressor and pre-occupation for LEOs during disaster policing, as well as an enhanced reliance on critical thinking as an adaptive response to untrained for challenges that are unique to disasters.

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