The Active Role of the Internet and Social Media Use in Nonpharmaceutical and Pharmaceutical Preventive Measures against COVID-19

During the COVID-19 pandemic, does more internet and social media use lead to taking more- or less-effective preventive measures against the disease? A two-wave longitudinal survey with the general population in mainland China in mid-2020 found that during the COVID-19 pandemic, internet and social media use intensity promoted the adoption of nonpharmaceutical and pharmaceutical antipandemic measures. The first wave of data (n = 1014) showed that the more intensively people used the internet/social media, the more they perceived the threat of the pandemic, and took more nonpharmaceutical preventive measures (e.g., wearing masks, maintaining social distance, and washing hands) as a result. The second wave (n = 220) showed firstly the predicted relationship between internet/social media use intensity and the perceived threat of the pandemic and the adoption of nonpharmaceutical preventive measures by cross-lagged analysis; secondly, the predictive effect of internet/social media use on the adoption of pharmacological measures (i.e., willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19) and the mediating role of perceived pandemic threat were verified. The article concludes with a discussion of the role of the internet and social media use in the fight against COVID-19 in specific macrosocial contexts.

Political Consumerism and Social Networking Usage

The main purpose of the study is to reveal the relations between the internet and social media usage and the basic motives behind the actions and engagements of political consumers departing from the thoughts and individual experiences of scholars. Therefore, the study first draws a framework of the political consumer, political consumerism, and the effects of political consumerism. Then it investigates the link between the internet and social media use and the aforementioned concepts. In other words, the purpose of the study is to analyze the extent to which internet and social media use and increase the likelihood of engaging in political consumerism through the method of a case study. As a method of sampling, quota sampling method was chosen. The in-depth interviews were performed in a semi-structured form to maintain the coherence and details. The results of this study and similar studies are thought to be beneficial for improving the quality of life for consumers, corporations, and governments related to agenda setting and policy making.

The Evolution of the Internet and Social Media: A Literature Review

This article reviews and analyses factors impacting the evolution of the internet, the web, and social media channels, charting historic trends and highlight recent technological developments. The review comprised a deep search using electronic journal databases. Articles were chosen according to specific criteria with a group of 34 papers and books selected for complete reading and deep analysis. The 34 elements were analysed and processed using NVIVO 12 Pro, enabling the creation of dimensions and categories, codes and nodes, identifying the most frequent words, cluster analysis of the terms, and creating a word cloud based on each word's frequency. The review presents updated information about technological trends, marketing, and chronological elements regarding the evolution of the internet and social media.

Gerakan Sosial Digital “Warga Bantu Warga” Sebagai Respon Masyarakat Indonesia dalam Menghadapi Pandemi

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on all aspects of people's lives. Economic crises and social problems are inevitable and touch all levels of society, especially the lower classes. Even so, the Indonesian people have proven resilience and empowerment in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The existence of the internet and social media has encouraged the emergence of digital social movements, one of which is Warga Bantu Warga (Citizens Helping Citizens). Through this movement, the Indonesian people work together, collaborate, and show solidarity in helping others overcome difficulties due to the pandemic. The movement seemed to bind the community collectively and direct their actions in actions that did not only occur on a regional scale, but also nationally in all provinces in Indonesia. Although it is a movement that was born and proceeds at the digital level, in fact this movement has produced great benefits for the community, and it still persists to this day when COVID-19 cases have decreased. This phenomenon is studied through a framing approach, so that it can be seen how the framing of events in the Warga Bantu Warga movement is able to harmonize understanding and mobilize social media users to join the Warga Bantu Warga movement.

6. The Media and Agenda-Setting

This chapter addresses media in politics, including newspapers, television, the internet, and social media. It seeks to answer the question of how influential the media is over politics, in areas such as voting behaviour. This discussion gives a broad overview of politics and the media, about the agenda of politics and its framing, and what shapes it. The chapter then covers the classic question of the influence of the media in British politics. It also considers the importance of social media, and how it is now part of all media today, especially in relation to elections and referendums. Finally, the chapter looks at media and social media campaigning in elections. It introduces the concept of chaotic pluralism as a way of characterizing today's social media-dominated and fluid political environment.

OPTIMALISASI PENJUALAN KRIPIK PISANG DAN GEBLEK DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19, PEDUKUHAN TURUSAN, GIRIMULYO, KULON PROGO

ABSTRAKPendapatan pengusaha UMKM (Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah) Kripik Pisang Ibu Siti dan Geblek Buk Tuminem mengalami penurunan semenjak pandemi covid-19. Selain itu juga adanya beberapa keterbatasan pada kedua UMKM tersebut pada proses penjualan antara lain, packaging produk masih sederhana dengan cara manual sehingga produk yang akan dipasarkan tidak tahan lama, belum memiliki label kemasan, dan pemasaran produk masih belum luas. Dari permasalahan mitra tersebut UMY melalui program pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang disinergikan melalui Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) memiliki beberapa program kegiatan untuk mengatasi permasalahan mitra. Program ini ditujukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas penjualan serta pemasaran Kripik Pisang Ibu Siti dan Geblek Ibu Tuminem ditengah pandemi covid-19. Kedua UMKM telah diberikan sosialisasi serta pelatihan menggunakan media sosial di era digitalisasi dan untuk membantu pemilik UMKM dalam mengatasi penurunan penjualan di masa pandemi Covid-19. Tim pengabdi telah membuatkan akun media sosial, dan juga telah membuatkan logo dan pamflet yang nantinya akan disebarkan melalui media sosial agar dapat meningkatkan hasil penjualan. Serta menciptakan packaging product yang menarik sehingga menambahkan daya tarik konsumen. Kata_kunci : optimalisasi; UMKM “Kripik Pisang” “Geblek”; media sosial; manajemen pemasaran. ABSTRACTEntrepreneurs of "kripik pisang" led by Mrs. Siti and "geblek" led by Mrs. Tuminem are facing big problems, especially in the era of the covid-19 pandemic. First, these Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (“MSMEs”) do not utilize the internet and social media networks to market their products. Second, they haven't packaging products that attract consumers' attention. Third, they do not manage their finances well. Therefore, they get a small income and even tend to decline. The UMY Community Service Team and KKN students have implemented programs and activities to empower these entrepreneurs. First, this team has socialized and taught how to create attractive accounts on the internet and social media to expand product marketing. Second, this team has helped the small entrepreneur to package and label innovative products. Third, this team helps the entrepreneur to properly manage the company's finances. This team hopes to realize the goal, namely that small entrepreneurs can expand product marketing and increase consumers. That way, they can get a significant increase in income. Keywords: "UMKM"; "kripik pisang" "geblek"; financial management; social media; marketing management

Understanding Online Disinhibition: An Investigation of the Relationship Between Information and Communication Technology and Adolescent Personality, Identity, and Behaviour

<p>A series of investigations were carried out to gain a better understanding of the influence of adolescent personality and identity in predicting online disinhibition. Taking a person-centred approach, the thesis tested whether distinct youth profiles of information and communication technology usage preferences, as well as unique motives of Internet use, would emerge among two adolescent samples; and second, whether these distinct profiles were significantly associated with maladaptive outcomes of personality, identity, and offline and online behaviour. In addition, this thesis also included a specific investigation of the predictive effects of the dark personality traits of narcissism, sadism, and psychopathy on self-perceptions, online disinhibition, and cyber aggression. Study 1 involved two major objectives, first, by using a sample of 933 adolescents, it aimed to identify groups of adolescents who share similar communication technology use habits based on their time spent interacting with various digital communication devices and associated online platforms. Results indicated four distinct profiles of technology use preferences. The second objective of Study 1 was to investigate the degree to which these distinct usage preferences predicted indicators of maladaptive identity and offline behaviours. Most notably, immoral behaviours and compromised identity outcomes were found to be highest among those adolescents who displayed a preference for elevated communication technology use. Overall, the findings illustrate that important constructs of both identity and behaviour are associated with individual communication technology usage preferences. Employing a large sample of 709 adolescents (Mage = 15.56 years), Study 2 was constructed to explore the direct effects of narcissism, sadism, psychopathy, and false self perceptions on online disinhibition and cyber aggression. Path model results indicated that all three dark personality traits, as well as false self, were positively associated with online disinhibition. Second, potential relationships among the dark personality traits, false self perceptions, online disinhibition, and cyber aggression were also examined, and psychopathy, sadistic traits, and online disinhibition were found to be significant predictors of aggressive online behaviour chiefly through indirect effects through false self and online disinhibition. The Study 2 findings collectively provide a more nuanced understanding of how antisocial personality traits are associated with maladaptive identity formation as well as online disinhibition. Finally, in Study 3, using latent profile analysis, distinct group differences behind adolescent motivations (as opposed to Internet habits studied in Study 1) for Internet and social media use were explored. In addition, we examined how personality, false self perceptions, and online disinhibition differed as a function of these motivation classes. Results revealed three discernable profiles of Internet and social media motives where adolescents either exhibited high, medium, or low levels of motives for engaging with the online world. Notably, self-report levels of sadism, perceptions of false self, and online disinhibition were highest among adolescents belonging to the group of youth who exhibited the highest overall motivations for Internet and social media use. In combination, these studies illustrate the importance of considering adolescents as active and decisive consumers of various ICT outlets, as well as online content and platform selection. The thesis highlights how particularly high online engagement is associated with high levels of dysfunctional identity and behaviour, and how personality underlies unique motives to engage with particular online content. The thesis findings also highlight the important role identity construction may play in media selection and engagement, and how a breakdown in identity formation can result in an increase in poor behavioural control online. In conclusion, the study results illuminate that not all engagement with the online world is detrimental to youth, but rather individual characteristics of a developing teen (i.e., personality factors) can predispose adolescents to the online disinhibition effect.</p>

Understanding Online Disinhibition: An Investigation of the Relationship Between Information and Communication Technology and Adolescent Personality, Identity, and Behaviour

<p>A series of investigations were carried out to gain a better understanding of the influence of adolescent personality and identity in predicting online disinhibition. Taking a person-centred approach, the thesis tested whether distinct youth profiles of information and communication technology usage preferences, as well as unique motives of Internet use, would emerge among two adolescent samples; and second, whether these distinct profiles were significantly associated with maladaptive outcomes of personality, identity, and offline and online behaviour. In addition, this thesis also included a specific investigation of the predictive effects of the dark personality traits of narcissism, sadism, and psychopathy on self-perceptions, online disinhibition, and cyber aggression. Study 1 involved two major objectives, first, by using a sample of 933 adolescents, it aimed to identify groups of adolescents who share similar communication technology use habits based on their time spent interacting with various digital communication devices and associated online platforms. Results indicated four distinct profiles of technology use preferences. The second objective of Study 1 was to investigate the degree to which these distinct usage preferences predicted indicators of maladaptive identity and offline behaviours. Most notably, immoral behaviours and compromised identity outcomes were found to be highest among those adolescents who displayed a preference for elevated communication technology use. Overall, the findings illustrate that important constructs of both identity and behaviour are associated with individual communication technology usage preferences. Employing a large sample of 709 adolescents (Mage = 15.56 years), Study 2 was constructed to explore the direct effects of narcissism, sadism, psychopathy, and false self perceptions on online disinhibition and cyber aggression. Path model results indicated that all three dark personality traits, as well as false self, were positively associated with online disinhibition. Second, potential relationships among the dark personality traits, false self perceptions, online disinhibition, and cyber aggression were also examined, and psychopathy, sadistic traits, and online disinhibition were found to be significant predictors of aggressive online behaviour chiefly through indirect effects through false self and online disinhibition. The Study 2 findings collectively provide a more nuanced understanding of how antisocial personality traits are associated with maladaptive identity formation as well as online disinhibition. Finally, in Study 3, using latent profile analysis, distinct group differences behind adolescent motivations (as opposed to Internet habits studied in Study 1) for Internet and social media use were explored. In addition, we examined how personality, false self perceptions, and online disinhibition differed as a function of these motivation classes. Results revealed three discernable profiles of Internet and social media motives where adolescents either exhibited high, medium, or low levels of motives for engaging with the online world. Notably, self-report levels of sadism, perceptions of false self, and online disinhibition were highest among adolescents belonging to the group of youth who exhibited the highest overall motivations for Internet and social media use. In combination, these studies illustrate the importance of considering adolescents as active and decisive consumers of various ICT outlets, as well as online content and platform selection. The thesis highlights how particularly high online engagement is associated with high levels of dysfunctional identity and behaviour, and how personality underlies unique motives to engage with particular online content. The thesis findings also highlight the important role identity construction may play in media selection and engagement, and how a breakdown in identity formation can result in an increase in poor behavioural control online. In conclusion, the study results illuminate that not all engagement with the online world is detrimental to youth, but rather individual characteristics of a developing teen (i.e., personality factors) can predispose adolescents to the online disinhibition effect.</p>

Adolescents in Virtual Forum: Playing, Socializing, or Engaging in Public Issues?

This research examines how adolescents perceive their memberships and involvement in virtual forums and whether the young generations see this involvement facilitate their engagement with public issues surrounding them. The increase of political discussions and political debates over the Internet and social media in Indonesia has become the trigger of this research to see whether adolescents as the group of new voters, even first-time voters, use virtual forums to be critically engaged in a discussion of public issues. Alternatively, this research would see whether their engagement in virtual communities is mainly related to entertainment, social connections, and other matters not directly related to politics and discussion of public issues. By interviewing a group of adolescents from at least eight provinces in Indonesia, this research examines the phenomenological experiences regarding their action, perception, and evaluation of their involvement through various virtual communities. This research highlights the importance of understanding adolescents’ experiences in virtual communities to understand better their tendency and attitude in relating to issues in their online and offline environments.

FENOMENA ADIKSI INTERNET DAN MEDIA SOSIAL PADA GENERASI XYZ

The phenomenon of internet and social media addiction has attracted the attention of many people. We have conducted a research to examine whether or not the phenomenon of addiction to the internet and social media is a scientific reality. Then, we follow up this research. About 2014 respondents have been surveyed. Pearson’s Product Moment and Cronbach's Alpha tests were conducted to find out whether or not all the questions on this survey questionnaire were valid and reliable. The Chi Square hypothesis test was put forward Helmert’s theory around 1960; Helmert was a German Mathematical Physicist who mainly studied the field of Geodesy, even though Ernst Abbe and Irenne Jules Bienayme had already discovered this Chi Square distribution. The results of the internet addiction survey showed that 74.68% of respondents were not addicted and the rest were addicted mildly, moderately and severely. For the social media addiction survey, 79.94% of respondents were not addicted and the rest were addicted. Variables affecting addiction are age, occupation, and education. Internet and social media addiction is mostly experienced by Generation Y and Z, while Generation X has less addiction. The results of the measurement of Internet and social media addiction include scientific reality and attention should be paid to it and steps should be taken in the context of prevention and recovery for those who are addicted. Prevention and recovery for those who are addicted can be done by involving three major components: family, community, and state.