scholarly journals Views of the Highway: Infrastructure Reality, Perceptions, and Politics

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824402096360
Author(s):  
Linda M. Fogg ◽  
Lawrence C. Hamilton ◽  
Erin S. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Transportation Infrastructure ◽  
Telephone Surveys ◽  
Highway Infrastructure ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Gasoline Taxes

Transportation infrastructure such as highways and bridges requires upgrades and maintenance. In many U.S. regions, these requirements have surpassed current funding, so new solutions are needed. One obvious though imperfect source is gasoline taxes, but raising these is politically risky, regardless of need. To illuminate this conflict, we analyze data from four random-sample telephone surveys (2016–2018, n = 2,035) that asked residents in the U.S. state of New Hampshire about their perceptions of highway and bridge conditions, and support for gas tax increases. About one third of the respondents counterfactually reported that highway and bridge conditions had improved compared with 10 or 20 years ago. At the county level, subjective perceptions correlate well with actual pavement and bridge conditions. Majorities of respondents also said they would support tax increases of 5 of 10 cents, although support falls off at higher amounts. Support for a tax increase varies not only with the proposed amount, but also with individual characteristics—especially political identity. In a structural equation model, infrastructure perceptions serve as an intervening variable between ideology and tax support: if infrastructure is falsely seen as improving, that supports an ideologically favored rejection of taxes. Partisan differences in perceptions of physical conditions, noted previously in other domains such as climate change, pose an unexpected challenge in building public support for transportation infrastructure.

Influence of Individual Characteristic and Organization Climate on Job Satisfaction and Its Impact on Employee Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agustina Hanafi
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Dominant Influence

The purpose of this study is to identify and analyse the influence of the individual characteristics and organization climate on job satisfaction and its impact on employee performance of PT. PLN (Persero) Region-S2JB Branch Lahat. This study takes 107 people as a sampling that conducted by census. Data analysis was performed with the Structural Equation Model (SEM) using Lisrel software. There are positives and significants effect in partially and simultaneously of individual characteristics variable and organization climate on job satisfaction and its impact on employee performance. Individual characteristics have dominant influence on job satisfaction and its impact to employee performance. The implications of managerial suggests, to increase employee performance is with increase in individual characteristics, organizational climate, and job satisfaction of employee. Individual characteristics can be enhanced by providing interpersonal skill training and placement employee according their skills. Besides, organizational climate can be increased with repairing work tools. Finally, to increase job satisfaction, training leadership for chairman can be provided.  

scholarly journals The effect of commitment, leadership and compensation on job satisfaction and performance of government apparatus in West Sulawesi Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Atika Atika ◽  
Basri Modding ◽  
Baharuddin Sammaila ◽  
Hamzah Hafied
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Study Results ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

<p>The apparatus performance is a fundamental problem affecting the organizational performance of West Sulawesi Province Government. Many factors affect it, both individual characteristics and organizational, especially commitment, leadership, compensation and job satisfaction. This study analyzes the effect of organizational commitment, leadership and compensation on job satisfaction and the impact on apparatus performance. The study was conducted on 358 respondents of Government apparatus in West Sulawesi Province. The data was collected by five point Likert scale and analyzed by Structural Equation Model (SEM). The study results found that commitment and leadership affect on job satisfaction and apparatus performance. While compensation only affects job satisfaction and does not affect on performance apparatus.</p>

Investigation of the Factors Influencing SME Failure as a Function of Its Prevention and Fast Recovery after Failure

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Nikolić ◽  
Ivan Jovanović ◽  
Đorđe Nikolić ◽  
Ivan Mihajlović ◽  
Peter Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Life Cycle Stage ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Clear Vision ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper presents a conceptual framework for investigation of the factors influencing the failure of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) as well as the level of their recovery. Based on the review of literature, all the factors are classified either as individual characteristics of entrepreneurs or non-individual characteristics, that is, characteristics related to SMEs. Having in mind various factors identified by different researchers in their studies, the authors of this paper formed a basic hypothetical framework as well as a qualitative framework for evaluation of the most significant factors influencing SME failure and recovery. Accordingly, a preliminary questionnaire was designed in order to collect the attitudes of entrepreneurs regarding the impact of particular factors. The results of the survey were used for further quantitative analysis and as a base for the formation of a structural equation model for testing the proposed hypotheses. Using the structural equation model to derive results, the authors have found that all the analysed factors except the factors related to private time activities of entrepreneurs/owners of SMEs have a statistically significant influence on SME success, with external non-individual factors having the greatest influence. Furthermore, the results indicate that the level of recovery, business life cycle stage and the sector of a failed SME impact on the ranking of the factors leading to SME failure. The study points to the necessity of improving the conditions under which SMEs operate, primarily by removing the obstacles that hinder growth and development of SMEs as well as by developing the appropriate system of support for entrepreneurs. In addition, having a clear vision of the factors of failure can help SMEs to become more resistant to the adverse effects of these factors and deal with them more effectively.

scholarly journals intellectual quotient, spiritual THE EFFECT OF INTELLECTUAL QUOTIENT, SPIRITUAL QUOTIENT, INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION TOWARD COMPETENCE, ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENTS AND LECTURERS’ DEVELOPMENT (STUDY AT ISLAMIC UNIVERSITIES IN EAST JAVA)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
Rizal Nur Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Structural Equation Model ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Intellectual Quotient ◽  
Individual Commitment

The purpose of this study was to analyze the variables of intellectual quotient, spiritual quotient, individual characteristics and achievement motivation on competence, organizational commitment and career development of lecturers at Islamic Universities in East Java. This research approach employed a population of permanent lecturers who are appointed by foundations or managers and hold functional positions of at least expert assistants at the Islamic University in East Java based on the principle of ahlussunnahwaljamaahannadliyahby taking 162 respondents as samples. Meanwhile, the technique of analysis used Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results of the analysis showed that intellectual quotient, spiritual quotient, individual characteristics and achievement motivation influence competence and commitment while only intellectual quotient, individual commitment and individual characteristics affect the career development of lecturers. Yet, motivation has no influence on organizational commitment.

Regional differences in citizens' water behaviors: a comparative study of typical cities based on AMOS

Water Policy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 742-757
Author(s):  
Yanrong Wang ◽  
Kang Tian ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Binbin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Resources Protection ◽  
The Impact

Abstract At present, the urban water issue has attracted great attention from government. The transition from ‘engineering measures’ to ‘human behaviors’ is a new angle for water resources protection in the new era. In this paper, 12 characterization parameters were obtained based on the analysis of characteristics of residents' water behaviors. Beijing and Shanghai are selected as the representative cities in the north and south regions respectively, and a questionnaire about residents' water behaviors, which includes three basic personal characteristics and 12 indicators, was prepared. By using a structural equation model, a comparative study on the differences of the impact paths of characterization parameters of residents' water behavior in two cities was discussed. Finally, suggestions are proposed on the basis of the evaluation model and the results of analysis. The results showed that: Beijing had similar impacting paths in Ecological Water Environment management behaviors and persuasive behaviors to Shanghai. There were obvious differences in residents' water behaviors impact paths by basic individual characteristics, consuming behaviors and legal behaviors in Beijing and Shanghai. Finally, suggestions are proposed on the basis of the evaluation model and the results of analysis.

scholarly journals Influence of transportation infrastructure on the relationship between institutions and economic performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-412
Author(s):  
Mei Chi Wong ◽  
Tsz Leung Yip
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Transportation Infrastructure ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Studies ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to analyse the observation that the economics of many countries have boomed after the input of substantial investments into physical and social infrastructures. Design/methodology/approach A structural equation model is formulated to examine the effect of transportation infrastructure on the relationship between institutions and gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC). This study further differentiates between developed and developing economies. Findings The study identifies the different roles of transportation infrastructure in mediating the relationship between institutions and average income in these two types of economy. Institutions and transportation infrastructure positively influence GDPPC, whereas institutions positively influence transportation infrastructure. In addition, the results found indirect influence of institutions on GDPPC via transportation infrastructure. Originality/value This study provides new insights into international business studies based on institutional theory and factor-mobility theory.

How relationship attributes affect bank customers’ saving

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent Eriksson ◽  
Cecilia Hermansson
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Saving Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine how three relational attributes – duration, context and trust – are subjectively perceived by bank customers, and how these affect their saving behavior, as defined by monthly flows to mutual funds and the financial products bought and held in stock.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use a combination of unique bank register and subjective survey data, and a structural equation model for theory development. Four constructs are developed to estimate the structural model, i.e. saving behavior, duration, context and trust.FindingsThe authors find that all three relational attributes have positive effects on saving behavior. The authors also find that duration and context have the largest total effects, and that trust is a mediating variable channeling indirect effects from context and duration to saving behavior.Practical implicationsOne implication for bank managers is that it takes time and understanding of customer context to gain customer trust, but that this increases customer savings. Another implication is that the authors confirm that relational attributes can be studied using subjective measures in surveys, and that these have an effect on objective savings behavior. The findings provide an understanding that could develop both the customer’s value and the banks’ business opportunities.Originality/valueThe impact of relationships between bank advisors and their customers in terms of costs and benefits has been studied, but a little research has focused on the attributes of the relationship and how these affect customers’ saving behavior. The study also uses unique objective bank register data, combined with customers’ subjective perceptions of the relationship.

Assessing the Effect of Financial Literacy Among Managers on the Performance of Small-Scale Enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 097215091989975
Author(s):  
Joseph Kwadwo Tuffour ◽  
Awurabena Asantewa Amoako ◽  
Ernestina Otuko Amartey
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Exact Effect

The small-scale sub-sector continues to be a fundamental catalyst for job creation and economic growth in Ghana. About 35 per cent of labour is provided by the sub-sector and shows the importance of harnessing its potentials in developing the Ghanaian economy. It has been established that financial literacy has a significant influence on whether or not small-scale enterprises succeed. Yet, the exact effect of financial literacy on small-scale enterprise performance has not been fully identified in Ghana, hence the need for the present study. This study examines the effect of financial literacy (awareness, attitude and knowledge) of managers on the performance (financial and non-financial) of small-scale enterprises in the La Nkwantanang Madina Municipality of Ghana. Primary data were obtained from 200 small-scale managers through structured questionnaires. The data were analysed using structural equation model. The results revealed a significant effect of financial literacy on firm performance (both financial and non-financial performance). Also, all the three components of financial literacy (awareness, attitude and knowledge) have a significant positive effect on both financial and non-financial performance. However, individual characteristics (age of the individual, educational level and experience) have no significant effect on financial performance, whereas tax becomes useful when used as a regulatory tool of small enterprises. Capacity building programmes are therefore recommended to increase financial literacy among managers/owners of small-scale enterprises.

STRATEGI PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN INFORMASI PERTANIAN MELALUI PEMANFAATAN CYBER EXTENSION DI PROPINSI LAMPUNG

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dame Trully Gultom
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Communication Behavior ◽  
Need Fulfillment ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Individual

Production of some vegetables in  Lampung Province showed to decline in  the past five years, due to agricultural information technology does not distribute evenly, while the cyber extension could be used to search the agricultural information. The aims of study are (1)  Analyze the factors that influence the horticulture farmers communication behavior to fulfill the need of agricultural information, (2) Formulating the strategy of fulfillment need of agriculture information through the use of cyber extension.  Research design was Sequential Explanatory Design (Mixed Methods). The research was conducted in 16 villages in West Lampung District and Tanggamus District, from October 2014 to January 2015. Respondent samples were taken with sampling quota as many as 180 farmers. The data used were primary and secondary data.  Data analyzed by descriptive analyzed  and inferential analyzed by The Structural Equation Model  (SEM). The results of the study concluded that farmers communication behavior is positively influenced by the individual characteristics, the environmental factors, the potential of cyber extension information source and the potential of conventional information source.  The need fulfillment of  agricultural information  is influenced  by the farmers communication behavior. 

scholarly journals Adult Students' Perceptions in Distance Education Learning Environments Based on a Videoconferencing Platform – QoE Analysis

10.28945/2091 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 001-019
Author(s):  
Toni Malinovski ◽  
Tatjana Vasileva-Stojanovska ◽  
Dobri Jovevski ◽  
Marina Vasileva ◽  
Vladimir Trajkovik
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Adult Students ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Teacher Student

Distance education learning environments provide tremendous convenience and flexibility, allowing busy, mobile adult learners to engage in education while coping with their limited resources in terms of time, energy and finances. Following a student-centered approach this study investigates adult students’ subjective perceptions while using distance education systems based on a videoconferencing platform as Quality of Experience (QoE). Based on a literature review, sociological behavior and expectations, we have constructed a structural equation model (SEM) illustrating relations among different variables that can predict positive levels of adult students’ QoE, thus providing guidelines for proper development. We have tested the model using a survey of 198 primary education school teachers involved in a videoconferencing-based learning program for teacher enhancement. Results show a good fit to the model developed. The analysis showed that adult students’ QoE is directly influenced by appropriateness of teacher-student interaction and ease of participation, as well predicted by students’ motivation to attend similar trainings. Additionally, we found that variances in technical quality did not directly influence their QoE from the learning sessions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document