Coping and Resilience in the Transition to Adulthood

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Leipold ◽  
Marco Munz ◽  
Amy Michéle-Malkowsky
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
Related Stress

Three general types of coping (problem-focused coping, social support-seeking, and meaning-focused coping) in the transition from adolescence to early adulthood are examined. Specifically, we investigated age differences, their interdependence, and their adaptive function in respect to academic work-related stress (resilience). The present study examined these issues in a cross-sectional assessment (1,608 pupils and students between 14 and 30 years). Problem-focused coping and seeking social support were positively correlated with age. Age-moderated analyses showed pronounced associations between problem-focused coping and support-seeking in adolescence, but stronger associations between problem- and meaning-focused coping in young adulthood. Seeking social support and meaning-focused coping moderated the negative correlation between subjective stress and well-being. Age differences and the adaptive role of coping are discussed within a developmental framework.

Coping Strategies Used by Syrian Refugees in Jordan

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatmeh Ahmad Alzoubi ◽  
Ahmed Mohammad Al-Smadi ◽  
Yazeed Mohammad Gougazeh
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
Study Participants

This study examined the coping strategies used by Syrian refugees in Jordan in relation to their demographics. A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with a convenient sample of 550 Syrian refugees. Out of all the study participants, 88% reported seeking social support, 64.5% reported using avoidance, and 39.5% reported using problem solving. Participants who were male, single, and younger, and who had a higher education and a higher total income were satisfied with their income, were employed and free of chronic illnesses, and had higher problem-solving scores. Higher social support-seeking scores were associated with being female, older, and widowed; having a lower education and lower total income; being dissatisfied with their income; being nonemployed; and having chronic illnesses. A number of significant predictors were identified for each coping strategy. The results of this study could be used to formulate programs and develop services regarding the stressors encountered by Syrian refugees and their coping strategies.

scholarly journals Effects of Social Support on the Stress-Health Relationship: Gender Comparison among Military Personnel

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi-Ming Hsieh ◽  
Bi-Kun Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
And Gender

The purpose of this study was to investigate how the role of workplace social support and gender affect the relationship between work stress and the physical and mental health of military personnel in Taiwan. The analysis results reveal that military personnel expressed significantly high perceptions of work-related stress. Social support from supervisors and colleagues is a crucial factor in buffering the effect of work-related stress on perceived health, and increasing the physical and mental health among military personnel. This study shows that male personnel who perceived higher stress and gained more social support from supervisors and colleagues than female personnel were less likely to have physical and mental issues than female personnel. Managerial implications and suggestions could serve as references in managing work-related stress, enhancing social support occurring in the military workplace, and reducing job dissatisfaction, which in turn improves the health and well-being of military personnel in Taiwan.

scholarly journals Stress and coping strategies in a sample of South African managers involved in post-graduate managerial studies

2000 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judora J. Spangenberg ◽  
Mark R. Orpen-Lyall
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
South African ◽  
Coping Strategy ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
And Coping

To examine the relationships between stress levels and, respectively, stressor appraisal, coping strategies and bio- graphical variables, 107 managers completed a biographical questionnaire. Experience of Work and Life Circumstances Questionnaire, and Coping Strategy Indicator. Significant negative correlations were found between stress levels and appraisal scores on all work-related stressors. An avoidant coping strategy explained significant variance in stress levels in a model also containing social support-seeking and problem-solving coping strategies. It was concluded that an avoidant coping strategy probably contributed to increased stress levels. Female managers experienced significantly higher stress levels and utilized a social support-seeking coping strategy significantly more than male managers did. Opsomming Om die verband tussen stresvlakke en, onderskeidelik, taksering van stressors, streshanteringstrategiee en biografiese veranderlikes te ondersoek, het 107 bestuurders n biografiese vraelys, Ervaring vanWerk- en Lewensomstandighedevraelys en Streshanteringstrategieskaal voltooi. Beduidende negatiewe korrelasies is aangetref tussen stresvlakke en takseringtellings ten opsigte van alle werkverwante stressors. 'nVermydende streshantermgstrategie het beduidende variansie in stresvlakke verklaar in n model wat ook sosiale ondersteuningsoekende en pro-bleemoplossende streshanteringstrategiee ingesluit het. Die gevolgtrekking is bereik dat n vermydende stres- hanteringstrategie waarskynlik bygedra het tot verhoogde stresvlakke. Vroulike bestuurders het beduidend hoer stresvlakke ervaar en het n sosiale ondersteuningsoekende streshanteringstrategie beduidend meer gebnnk as manlike bestuurders.

Development of Coping Strategies From Childhood to Adolescence

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Eschenbeck ◽  
Steffen Schmid ◽  
Ines Schröder ◽  
Nicola Wasserfall ◽  
Carl-Walter Kohlmann
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Support Seeking

Abstract. Extensive research exists on coping in children and adolescents. However, developmental issues have only recently started to receive more attention. The present study examined age differences and developmental changes in six coping strategies (social support seeking, problem solving, avoidant coping, palliative emotion regulation, anger-related emotion regulation, and media use) assessed by a coping questionnaire (German Stress and Coping Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents, SSKJ 3–8; Lohaus, Eschenbeck, Kohlmann, & Klein-Heßling, 2006 ) in middle/late childhood and early adolescence. At the initial assessment, 917 children from grades 3 to 7 (age range 8–15 years) were included (cross-sectional sample). Three cohorts (grades 3–5 at baseline) were traced longitudinally over 1½ years with four assessments (longitudinal sample: n = 388). The cross-sectional coping data showed significant effects for grade level in four coping strategies. Older children scored higher in problem solving and media use, and lower in avoidant coping. Seventh graders scored lower than fourth and fifth graders in social support seeking. Longitudinal data confirmed time effects and cohort effects indicating developmental changes. Increases over time were found for problem solving and media use; decreases were found for avoidant coping and anger-related emotion regulation. For social support seeking, an increase within the youngest cohort (grades 3–5) was found. Developmental trends (in cross-sectional and longitudinal data), with especially strong increases for problem solving or declines in avoidant coping in the youngest cohort, differed for the two studied stressful situations (social, academic) but were independent of the child’s gender. To conclude, particularly in the age range of 9–11 years relevant developmental changes toward a more active coping seem to appear.

scholarly journals Age and Social Support Seeking: Understanding the Role of Perceived Social Costs to Others

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1104-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jiang ◽  
Aimee Drolet ◽  
Heejung S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Social Costs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Support Seeking

We examined age differences in the use of different types of social support and the reasons for these differences. We found that older adults (age 60+) seek explicit social support less compared with young adults (age 18-25), but there is no difference in implicit social support seeking. Concerns about the potential social costs of seeking explicit support mediate the age differences in explicit social support seeking. Whereas young adults view this strategy as conferring more benefits than costs, older adults have a more balanced view of the costs and benefits of explicit social support seeking. Older and young adults do not differ in perceptions of the relative costs versus benefits of implicit social support seeking. Finally, we found older adults benefit more from implicit (vs. explicit) social support emotionally than young adults, which further explains why age groups differ in their use of explicit versus implicit social support.

scholarly journals Sleep and chronotype in relation to work-related stress and negative affect: The moderating role of a flexible start of work

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Saalwirth ◽  
Bernhard Leipold
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Stress

Abstract Objectives The present study investigated the relationships between sleep (sleep duration and need for additional sleep time in the morning), chronotype, work-related stress, and negative affect in daytime workers. Furthermore, it was examined whether a flexible start of work moderates these relationships. Methods A cross-sectional online study was conducted. Participants were 438 (247 female) daytime workers between 18 and 73 years (mean = 37.68, standard deviation = 12.39). The questionnaire included the “sleep duration” subscale of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), two subscales of the Trier Inventory for the Assessment of Chronic Stress (TICS), the negative affect scale of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), questions regarding how many minutes participants would like to sleep longer in the morning, and how flexible their start of work is. Results Short sleep duration and a greater need for additional sleep in the morning were significantly associated with late chronotype. Shorter sleep duration, a greater need for additional sleep, and a late chronotype were associated with higher work-related stress and negative affect. A flexible start of work moderated these relationships: People with longer sleep duration, less need for additional sleep time, and an early chronotype showed lower stress and negative affect levels when having a flexible start of work. A flexible start of work showed no or negative effects on workers with shorter sleep duration, a greater need for additional sleep time, or a late chronotype. Conclusions The effect of a flexible start of work for daytime worker’s well-being depends on a person’s individual sleep timing and chronotype.

scholarly journals Social Psychiatry in the Waiting Room: What a Physician Can Learn about Occupational Stress from Workers Waiting to Be Examined

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Magnavita ◽  
Sergio Garbarino
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Medical Surveillance ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Stress

Background. Work-related stress is a major problem for mental health. The occupational physician has the opportunity to gather information on the perception of stress from workers in the course of regular medical examinations.Method. 1,231 subjects, engaged in 6 different occupations, were invited to compile the Demand/Control/Support and the Effort/Reward/Imbalance questionnaires.Results. A specific profile of work-related stress emerged for each group of workers. Radiology physicians reported high control over work, but also exceedingly high demand and effort, high overcommitment, low social support, and low rewards from work. Health care workers were often overcommitted but had high levels of reward and social support. Low levels of social support and reward were recorded for mature workers, while special force policemen engaged in law enforcement during the G8 meeting had high levels of social support and regards, so that their resulting stress levels were closer to the reference group of employees in an insurance company with no front-office.Conclusion. The practice of administering questionnaires to groups of workers who are subject to medical surveillance is useful for monitoring mental health and well-being.

scholarly journals Is it better to seek or to receive? A dual-factor model of social support

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Sherry Hamby ◽  
Elizabeth Taylor ◽  
Kimberly Mitchell ◽  
Lisa Jones ◽  
Chris Newlin
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
To Receive

Objectives: This study adopts a dual-factor approach to examine the association of seeking and receiving social support with 6 indicators of current functioning and 14 psychosocial strengths. Methods: A survey completed by 440 youth ages 10 to 21 (M = 16.38, SD = 3.04) assessed strengths, functioning, and victimization. Youth were classified into four groups: Interconnected (high on social support seeking and receiving; 33% of sample), Rebuffed (high on social support seeking, low on social support receiving; 12%), Tended (low on social support seeking, high on social support receiving; 16%), and Isolated (low on social support seeking and receiving; 39%). Results: Controlling for age, gender, and victimization, the social support group was associated with each meaning making, regulatory, and interpersonal strength, and every indicator of current functioning except trauma symptoms. The Isolated group scored lowest on all measures and the Interconnected group scored highest on 19 of 20 measures. The mixed profile groups fell between these extremes. Notably, the Rebuffed group reported higher levels of some strengths and non-theistic spiritual well-being than the Tended group. The Tended group was never significantly higher than the Rebuffed group. Implications: Individual skills and attitudes regarding helpseeking may be more impactful than social support provided by others. Rebuffed youth may be steeling themselves in other strengths when the social environment is not supportive.

Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Oberhauser ◽  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Eva-Marie Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

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