Development of Coping Strategies From Childhood to Adolescence

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Eschenbeck ◽  
Steffen Schmid ◽  
Ines Schröder ◽  
Nicola Wasserfall ◽  
Carl-Walter Kohlmann
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Support Seeking

Abstract. Extensive research exists on coping in children and adolescents. However, developmental issues have only recently started to receive more attention. The present study examined age differences and developmental changes in six coping strategies (social support seeking, problem solving, avoidant coping, palliative emotion regulation, anger-related emotion regulation, and media use) assessed by a coping questionnaire (German Stress and Coping Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents, SSKJ 3–8; Lohaus, Eschenbeck, Kohlmann, & Klein-Heßling, 2006 ) in middle/late childhood and early adolescence. At the initial assessment, 917 children from grades 3 to 7 (age range 8–15 years) were included (cross-sectional sample). Three cohorts (grades 3–5 at baseline) were traced longitudinally over 1½ years with four assessments (longitudinal sample: n = 388). The cross-sectional coping data showed significant effects for grade level in four coping strategies. Older children scored higher in problem solving and media use, and lower in avoidant coping. Seventh graders scored lower than fourth and fifth graders in social support seeking. Longitudinal data confirmed time effects and cohort effects indicating developmental changes. Increases over time were found for problem solving and media use; decreases were found for avoidant coping and anger-related emotion regulation. For social support seeking, an increase within the youngest cohort (grades 3–5) was found. Developmental trends (in cross-sectional and longitudinal data), with especially strong increases for problem solving or declines in avoidant coping in the youngest cohort, differed for the two studied stressful situations (social, academic) but were independent of the child’s gender. To conclude, particularly in the age range of 9–11 years relevant developmental changes toward a more active coping seem to appear.

Coping Strategies Used by Syrian Refugees in Jordan

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatmeh Ahmad Alzoubi ◽  
Ahmed Mohammad Al-Smadi ◽  
Yazeed Mohammad Gougazeh
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Total Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
Study Participants

This study examined the coping strategies used by Syrian refugees in Jordan in relation to their demographics. A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with a convenient sample of 550 Syrian refugees. Out of all the study participants, 88% reported seeking social support, 64.5% reported using avoidance, and 39.5% reported using problem solving. Participants who were male, single, and younger, and who had a higher education and a higher total income were satisfied with their income, were employed and free of chronic illnesses, and had higher problem-solving scores. Higher social support-seeking scores were associated with being female, older, and widowed; having a lower education and lower total income; being dissatisfied with their income; being nonemployed; and having chronic illnesses. A number of significant predictors were identified for each coping strategy. The results of this study could be used to formulate programs and develop services regarding the stressors encountered by Syrian refugees and their coping strategies.

Coping Strategies: Gender Differences and Development throughout Life Span

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1089-1098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Meléndez ◽  
Teresa Mayordomo ◽  
Patricia Sancho ◽  
José Manuel Tomás
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Emotional Coping ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Support Seeking

Development during life-span implies to cope with stressful events, and this coping may be done with several strategies. It could be useful to know if these coping strategies differ as a consequence of personal characteristics. This work uses the Coping with Stress Questionnaire with this aim using a sample of 400 participants. Specifically, the effects of gender and age group (young people, middle age and elderly), as well as its interaction on coping strategies is studied. With regard to age, on one hand, it is hypothesised a decrement in the use of coping strategies centred in problem solving and social support seeking as age increases. On the other hand, the use of emotional coping is hypothesised to increase with age. With respect to gender, it is hypothesised a larger use of emotional coping and social support seeking within women, and a larger use of problem solving within men. A MANOVA found significant effects for the two main effects (gender and age) as well as several interactions. Separate ANOVAs allowed us to test for potential differences in each of the coping strategies measured in the CAE. These results partially supported the hypotheses. Results are discussed in relation to scientific literature on coping, age and gender.

Gender Differences in Coping Strategies in Children and Adolescents

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike Eschenbeck ◽  
Carl-Walter Kohlmann ◽  
Arnold Lohaus
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Stressful Situation

Abstract. The present study focuses on gender effects and interactions between gender, type of stressful situation, and age-group in coping strategies in childhood and adolescence. The sample consisted of N = 1990 children and adolescents (957 boys, 1033 girls; grade levels 3-8). Participants responded to a coping questionnaire (Fragebogen zur Erhebung von Stress und Stressbewältigung im Kindes- und Jugendalter, SSKJ 3-8; Lohaus, Eschenbeck, Kohlmann, & Klein-Heßling, 2006 ) with the five subscales: seeking social support, problem solving, avoidant coping, palliative emotion regulation, and anger-related emotion regulation. Repeated measures ANOVAs with Gender and Grade Level as the between-subject factors and Situation (social, academic) as the within-subject factor were performed separately for each of the subscales. In general, girls scored higher in seeking social support and problem solving, whereas boys scored higher in avoidant coping. These three main effects were further modified by significant Gender × Situation interactions and for both seeking social support and avoidant coping by significant Gender × Situation × Grade Level interactions. Compared to the academic situation (homework), gender differences were more pronounced for the social situation (argument with a friend), especially in adolescence. The results are discussed with respect to a gender-specific development of coping strategies.

scholarly journals Stress and coping strategies in a sample of South African managers involved in post-graduate managerial studies

2000 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Judora J. Spangenberg ◽  
Mark R. Orpen-Lyall
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
South African ◽  
Coping Strategy ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
And Coping

To examine the relationships between stress levels and, respectively, stressor appraisal, coping strategies and bio- graphical variables, 107 managers completed a biographical questionnaire. Experience of Work and Life Circumstances Questionnaire, and Coping Strategy Indicator. Significant negative correlations were found between stress levels and appraisal scores on all work-related stressors. An avoidant coping strategy explained significant variance in stress levels in a model also containing social support-seeking and problem-solving coping strategies. It was concluded that an avoidant coping strategy probably contributed to increased stress levels. Female managers experienced significantly higher stress levels and utilized a social support-seeking coping strategy significantly more than male managers did. Opsomming Om die verband tussen stresvlakke en, onderskeidelik, taksering van stressors, streshanteringstrategiee en biografiese veranderlikes te ondersoek, het 107 bestuurders n biografiese vraelys, Ervaring vanWerk- en Lewensomstandighedevraelys en Streshanteringstrategieskaal voltooi. Beduidende negatiewe korrelasies is aangetref tussen stresvlakke en takseringtellings ten opsigte van alle werkverwante stressors. 'nVermydende streshantermgstrategie het beduidende variansie in stresvlakke verklaar in n model wat ook sosiale ondersteuningsoekende en pro-bleemoplossende streshanteringstrategiee ingesluit het. Die gevolgtrekking is bereik dat n vermydende stres- hanteringstrategie waarskynlik bygedra het tot verhoogde stresvlakke. Vroulike bestuurders het beduidend hoer stresvlakke ervaar en het n sosiale ondersteuningsoekende streshanteringstrategie beduidend meer gebnnk as manlike bestuurders.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study for the impact of coping strategies on mental health disorders among psychiatric nurses

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Tsaras ◽  
Aristides Daglas ◽  
Dimitroula Mitsi ◽  
Ioanna V. Papathanasiou ◽  
Foteini Tzavella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychiatric Nurses ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Nurses

Several studies report that psychiatric nursing is a highly stressful occupation. The ways that nurses use in order to deal with stressful situations have a serious effect on their psychological mood and their health status. The purpose of this study was to investigate the coping strategies in predicting of depression and anxiety among mental health nurses working in public psychiatric hospitals. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in Athens, Greece from April to May 2017. A questionnaire consisting of the socio-demographic and work-related characteristics, the Patient Health Questionnaire-2, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2, and the 38-items Ways of Coping Questionnaire - Greek version, was completed by a total of 110 mental health nurses. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using the logistic regression model. Coping strategies focused on the problem (positive re-evaluation, positive approach, problem solving, and seeking social support) were the most commonly used by the mental health nurses. Strategies focused on emotion (prayer/daydream, prayer, avoidance/escape, resignation, and denial) were positively associated with depression and anxiety outcomes. Also, the coping skills of problem solving (Adjusted Odds Ratio, AOR=0.402), and seeking social support (AOR=3.719) were significant predictors only for elevated anxiety symptoms. The results from the study demonstrated the importance of coping behaviours in mental health problems of psychiatric nurses.

scholarly journals Peer Victimization and Depressive Symptoms During Adolescence: Examining the Roles of Social Support and Internalizing Coping

2020 ◽  
pp. 027243162093119
Author(s):  
Allie M. Spiekerman ◽  
Melissa R. Witkow ◽  
Adrienne Nishina
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Effective Buffer

The purpose of this study was to examine how two coping strategies together moderate the relationship between peer victimization and adjustment among young adolescents. Sixth-grade adolescents from California, Oregon, and Wisconsin ( N = 1,058) self-reported peer victimization, depressive symptoms, and their utilization of social support seeking and internalizing coping. A regression analysis showed a significant three-way interaction between peer victimization, internalizing coping, and social support seeking in predicting depressive symptoms. Further analyses revealed that social support seeking only buffered the negative effects of peer victimization for participants who scored high on internalizing coping. Despite mean-level gender differences in these variables, gender did not moderate this association, suggesting that social support is an effective buffer against depressive symptoms following peer victimization for both boys and girls. These results suggest that attending to the variety of coping strategies adolescents employ simultaneously will help further our understanding of peer victimization outcomes.

scholarly journals LONELINESS AMONG YOUNG ADULTS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: THE MEDIATIONAL ROLES OF SOCIAL MEDIA USE AND SOCIAL SUPPORT SEEKING

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 708-726
Author(s):  
Ellie Lisitsa ◽  
Katherine S. Benjamin ◽  
Sarah K. Chun ◽  
Jordan Skalisky ◽  
Lauren E. Hammond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Lower Social Support ◽  
Support Seeking ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing and shelter-at-home have become necessary for public health and safety in the United States. This period of social isolation may be a risk factor for mental health problems, particularly among young adults for whom rates of loneliness are already high. Young adults also engage in more social media use than other age groups, a form of socialization associated with adverse effects on mental health, including loneliness and depression. Methods: The current study examined potential mediating roles of social media use and social support seeking on the relationship between age and loneliness symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants included 1,674 adults who completed an online survey regarding depressive symptoms, loneliness, coping strategies, and changes to their daily lives as a result of the pandemic. Results: Results indicated that young adults were lonelier than older adults during the pandemic, showed a greater increase in social media use, and lower social support seeking. Higher increases in social media use and lower social support seeking mediated the relationship between age group and loneliness. Discussion: Findings are discussed in context of prior research and potential effects of stress and isolation during the pandemic. Clinical implications and suggestions for intervention are elaborated.

The mediating role of friendship quality in the relationship between anger coping styles and mental health in Chinese adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 3796-3813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Shi ◽  
Kenneth T. Wang ◽  
Zhongyao Xie ◽  
Ruiping Zhang ◽  
Chang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Friendship Quality ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Social Support Seeking ◽  
Support Seeking

Increasing research studies and data, mostly focused on Western countries, suggest a dynamic relationship between coping with anger and psychological risk factors among children. Although there are cultural variations in anger coping, little attention has been directed among non-Western children. The present study examined the diverse influence of six anger coping styles on friendship quality and mental health among Chinese adolescents. Six competing anger coping strategies were tested as potential predictor variables: direct anger-out, assertion, social support-seeking, diffusion, avoidance, and rumination. Friendship quality was examined as a potential mediator. Mediation analyses were conducted using path analysis. The results indicated that friendship quality fully mediated the influence of social support-seeking on mental health problems, and partially mediated the influence of assertion on mental health problems. Furthermore, the direct anger-out and rumination coping styles directly and positively predicted mental health problems. These findings partially support the Simple Incidental Model suggesting that the influence of anger coping styles on mental health problems is complex, and friendship quality can mediate this influence. The present study points to a malleable target for prevention and intervention efforts aimed at increasing the favorable impact of anger coping strategies on psychological adjustment during the developmentally critical period of adolescence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document