Evaluation of Shoulder Muscle Improvement in Patients Following Free Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Pedicle Flap Transfer

2021 ◽  
pp. 229255032110485
Author(s):  
Erman Ak ◽  
Ömer Ayik ◽  
Ömer Berköz ◽  
Erol Kozanoğlu ◽  
Bora Edim Akalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Extensor Muscle ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Pedicle Flap ◽  
Flap Transfer ◽  
Shoulder Range Of Motion ◽  
Shoulder Muscle ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes, shoulder muscle strength, and donor site morbidity following the free latissimus dorsi (LD) muscle pedicle flap transfer. Materials: Patients with free LD muscle pedicle flap reconstructions and with asymptomatic shoulders (affected and contralateral side) were included. The follow-up duration was 12 months. The combined shoulder range of motion (ROM), Constant–Murley shoulder (CMS), and quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (QuickDASH) scores were measured preoperatively and at 1 year postoperatively. The ratio of the isokinetic muscle strength and total work was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex 350®) both preoperatively and at sixth month postoperatively. Results: Twenty patients with a mean age of 37.06 ± 9.74 years and a mean body mass index of 23.49 ± 8.6 kg/m2 were included. The difference in shoulder ROM and CMS and increase in QuickDASH were not significant at the first postoperative year. The peak torque and total work performed decreased by 13%–16% for the adductor and extensor functions at the six month postoperatively, and these differences were significant. Although the adductor peak torque was significantly lower in the postoperative test of the operated side, no significant difference was found between the operated and unaffected shoulder peak torque values. Moreover, no significant difference was noted between the operated and unaffected shoulders in all isokinetic tests pre- and postoperatively. Conclusion: The free LD muscle pedicle flap harvest did not decrease function and ROM at the first postoperative year. The muscle strength and total work of shoulders after the LD muscle transfer returned to the preoperative condition at the sixth month, except adductor and extensor muscle strengths. However, adductor and extensor muscle strengths of the operated shoulders were not significantly different postoperatively. Level of Evidence: Level IV, Diagnostic study

scholarly journals Scapular Winging

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (11_suppl3) ◽  
pp. 2325967114S0028
Author(s):  
Şeyda Toprak Çelenay ◽  
Derya Özer Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Dash Score ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Scapular Winging ◽  
Shoulder Muscle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Function ◽  
Shoulder Muscle Strength

Objectives: To investigate the effects of scapular muscle training with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques (PNF) on shoulder muscle strength, endurance and function in subjects with winging scapula. Methods: Forty subjects with bilateral winging scapula were randomly allocated into PNF Group (n=20, age:20.85±1.34 years), and Controls (n=20, age:20.77±1.77 years). PNF techniques in scapular diagonals were applied for scapular positioning and toning of the surrounding muscles for 3 days/week, 5 weeks. Shoulder muscle strength was evaluated diagonally with Biodex System 3 Pro isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex Medical Systems, Shirley, USA) at 60 and 180º/s. The scapular muscle endurance with Scapular Isometric Pinch Test, functional ability with Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH) was assessed. Paired and independent t tests were used for analysis. Results: For pre (1) and post (2) applications, significant improvement on 60º/s flexion peak torque/bodyweight (1:36.78±13.05; 2:61.22±29.75), 60º/s extension peak torque/bodyweight (1:65.35±23.27; 2:80.18±38.66), 180º/s flexion peak torque/bodyweight (1:40.69±15.32; 2:50.84±23.90) on dominant sides; scapular endurance (1:31.95±23.06; 2:51.15±31.08 sn) and DASH score (1:7.86±12.00; 2:5.25±9.28) were found in PNF group (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed for Controls (p>0.05). Scapular endurance, flexion and extension peak torque/bodyweight at 60º/s were different in favor of PNF group in intergroup comparisons (p<0.05). Conclusion: Scapular muscle training with PNF may be effective in improving scapular and shoulder muscle strength, endurance and function in subjects with winging scapula.

The Effects of Tourniquet Application in Total Knee Arthroplasty on the Recovery of Thigh Muscle Strength and Clinical Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Ayik ◽  
Mehmet Demirel ◽  
Fevzi Birisik ◽  
Ali Ersen ◽  
Halil I. Balci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Isokinetic Muscle Strength ◽  
Total Knee

AbstractThe present randomized controlled study aims to evaluate whether tourniquet application during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has an effect on (1) thigh muscle strength (quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength) and (2) clinical outcomes (postoperative knee range of motion [ROM], postoperative pain level, and Knee Society Score [KSS]). The effects of tourniquet application during TKA were investigated in 65 patients randomly allocated to one of two groups: TKA with a tourniquet and TKA without a tourniquet. Patients in both groups were comparable in terms of the demographic and clinical data (p > 0.05 for age, number of patients, sex, radiographic gonarthrosis grade, American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] classification, and body mass index [BMI]). All patients in both groups were operated by the same surgeon using one type of prosthesis. Isokinetic muscle strength (peak torque and total work) of knee extensors (quadriceps) and flexors (hamstrings) was measured in Newton meters (Nm) using a CYBEX 350 isokinetic dynamometer (HUMAC/CYBEX 2009, Stoughton, MA). The combined KSS (knee score + function score), visual analog scale (VAS), and knee ROM were measured preoperatively and at 1 and 3 months postoperatively to evaluate clinical outcomes. There were no significant differences between the two groups in preoperative and postoperative values of isokinetic muscle strength (peak torque and total work) and aforementioned clinical outcomes (p < 0.05). The present study has shown that quadriceps strength and clinical outcomes were not improved in the early postoperative period (3 months) when a tourniquet was not used during TKA.

scholarly journals Velocity-specific knee strength between professional and under-17 female volleyball player

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre R.M. Pelegrinelli ◽  
Laís F. Dela Bela ◽  
Mariana F. Silva ◽  
Lucas C.R. Rodrigues ◽  
João P. Batista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Flexor Muscle ◽  
Mean Power ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Surface Maps ◽  
Volleyball Players

Background: Many studies have investigated isokinetic performance in volleyball players but not through surface maps.Objectives: The goals of this study were to assess velocity-specific isokinetic knee extensor–flexor muscle strength and to compare the isokinetic knee extensor–flexor muscles between professional (PRO) and under-17 (U17) female volleyball players.Method: This cross-sectional laboratory study was developed with two groups: PRO (n = 12), medianage = 21.3 years, and U17 (n = 9), medianage = 15 years. Peak torque, total work, mean power, angle of peak torque, hamstring–quadriceps torque ratio (H–Q ratio) and torque–angle–velocity surface maps were analysed from knee extension–flexion at 60, 120 and 300 degrees per second (°/s).Results: Significant differences were identified for extensor peak torque between PRO x = 202.3 Newton metre (N·m) (standard deviation [SD] = 24.4) and U17 x = 141.6 N·m (30.1) at 60 °/s (p < 0.001; d = 2.21) as well as flexor peak torque (PRO x = 75.7 N·m [10.3] and U17 x = 57.7 N·m [11.4]) at 120 °/s (p < 0.001; d = 1.65) for the dominant limb. There were also significant group differences for total work and mean power at all velocities for extension and flexion. Surface maps demonstrated higher torque at lower speeds for both groups with smaller torque changes across velocities for flexion.Conclusion: Different groups of female volleyball players showed contrasting concentric knee muscle strength across isokinetic velocities.Clinical implications: These results demonstrate the importance of specific strength training for different age groups, even within the same sport, and provide insight into muscle strength.

The Effects of Jump-Rope Training on Shoulder Isokinetic Strength in Adolescent Volleyball Players

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irem Duzgun ◽  
Gul Baltaci ◽  
Filiz Colakoglu ◽  
Volga Bayrakci Tunay ◽  
Derya Ozer
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Shoulder Strength ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Jump Rope ◽  
Group 1

Objective:To investigate the effect of a 12-wk weighted-jump-rope training program on shoulder strength.Design:Pretest to posttest experimental design.Setting:University sports physiotherapy laboratory.Participants:24 healthy volleyball players age 13-16 y.Intervention:Group 1 took weighted-rope training (n = 9), group 2 took unweighted-rope training (n = 8), and group 3 did not train with any specific program (n = 7).Main Outcome Measures:Players’ strength determined with an isokinetic dynamometer (Isomed 2000) at 180 and 60°/s on external and internal rotators, supraspinatus peak torque, and total work of the dominant shoulder. Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to determine the difference among the groups.Results:At pretraining evaluation, there were no significant differences in the test scores of the isokinetic test of full can and empty can between the groups at 60 and 180°/s. There was no statistically significant difference for 60 and 180°/s between pretraining and posttraining assessment (P > .05) except that total eccentric work increased in groups 1 and 3 but decreased in group 2 at 180°/s during the full can (P < .05). There was no significant difference among the groups between the pretraining and posttraining testing at both 180 and 60°/s for the empty can (P > .05). Internal-rotation values at 60 and 180°/s decreased for both peak torque and total work for all groups. External-rotation peak torque and total work at 60°/s increased for group 1. External-rotation peak torque and total work at 180°/s increased for all groups.Conclusions:The results indicate that a jump-rope training program is a good conditioning method for overhead athletes because of its potential benefits to shoulder strength.

scholarly journals The Effect of Extensor Muscle Strength on Meniscus Progression in Subjects Without Radiologic Knee Osteoarthritis -- Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingyang Li ◽  
Yong Nie ◽  
Kang Li ◽  
Yi Zeng ◽  
Yuangang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Medial Meniscus ◽  
Lateral Meniscus ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Extensor Muscle ◽  
Strength Group ◽  
Structural Progression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Osteoarthritis Initiative

Abstract BackgroundHigh extensor strength decreased knee osteoarthritis symptomatic progression in female was well demonstrated. However, few studies detected a significant association between extensor strength and structural progression when joint space narrowing or cartilage loss were the indicators. The pathological change in meniscus could come earlier than that in cartilage and JSN, but no studies have specifically investigated the association between extensor strength and meniscus progression. MethodsParticipants in Osteoarthritis Initiative with both muscle strength and meniscus assessment, KL grade ≤ 1, and BMI < 30, were enrolled. In separate-sex analysis, participants were divided into the high strength group and the low strength group referring to the median baseline maximum extensor muscle strength/weight. Overall and classified meniscus progression in MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score was compared between the two groups, at 12 months (622 knees) and 24 months (548 knees). ResultsIn females, less overall medial meniscus progression (11.1% [17/153] VS 23.2% [32/138], P=0.04), less medial meniscal medially extrusion (5.2 % [8/155] VS 12.5 % [18/144], P =0.04), and less medial meniscal anteriorly extrusion progression (0 % [0/108] VS 5.3% [6/113], P=0.03), was presented in the high strength group over 24 months. No significant difference was detected in other comparisons (in males, or in lateral meniscus, or in 12 months). Conclusion High baseline extensor strength in females was associated with a decreased risk of 24- month medial meniscus progression. High extensor strength does not only correlate with less symptomatic progression of KOA, but also with lower risk of structural progression.

The comparison of two corrective exercise approaches for hyperkyphosis and forward head posture: A quasi-experimental study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Karim Mohammad Jabbar ◽  
Farzaneh Gandomi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Stiffness ◽  
Neck Extension ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Shoulder Muscle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Shoulder Muscle Strength

BACKGROUND: Hyperkyphosis (HKP) and forward head posture (FHP) occur due to prolonged poor postures and repetitive activities. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to compare the effects of the National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) and Sahrmann corrective exercises on HKP and FHP correction. METHODS: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 30 subjects with HKP and FHP, who were randomly assigned to the NASM (n= 15) and Sahrmann groups (n= 15). The ImageJ software and a spinal mouse device were used to measure FHP and HKP deformities, and neck and shoulder muscle strength, range of motion (ROM), and pulmonary function were assessed as the secondary outcomes before and after the eight-week intervention. RESULTS: FHP improved more significantly in the Sahrmann group compared to the NASM group (P< 0.05), while no significant difference was observed between the groups in HKP (P> 0.05). The improvement in the neck and shoulder muscle strength was more significant in the Sahrmann group compared to the NASM (P< 0.05), except for the neck flexors. In addition, the neck extension ROM enhanced more significantly in the Sahrmann group compared to the NASM group (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: According to the results, the Sahrmann corrective exercises that focused on the correction of imbalanced muscle stiffness had more significant effects on the correction of FHP, neck and shoulder muscle strength and neck extension ROM.

scholarly journals Changes of Functional Recovery of Ankle Joint with Application of Rehabilitation Exercise Program after Arthroscopic Modified Brostrom Operation: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Ji Myeong Park ◽  
Ho Jin Kim ◽  
Se Hee Kong
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Side Peak ◽  
Isokinetic Muscle Strength ◽  
Rehabilitation Exercise

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to demonstrate its effectiveness by applying a systematic rehabilitation exercise program to patients after arthroscopic modified Brostrom operation.METHODS The research subjects were 13 patients who had arthroscopic modified Brostrom operation, the 60-minute rehabilitation exercise program was applied twice a week for six weeks, and then, subjective evaluation of ankle joint, and its dynamic stability and isokinetic muscle strength were measured.RESULTS After application of the rehabilitation exercise program, subjective evaluation of the ankle joint(<i>p</i><.001), its dynamic stability(<i>p</i><.001) and strengths of the involved side for isokinetic muscle strength peak torque inversion(<i>p</i><.001), eversion(<i>p</i><.01), total work inversion(<i>p</i><.001), eversion(<i>p</i><.01) uninvolved side peak torque inversion(<i>p</i><.001), eversion(<i>p</i><.01), total work(<i>p</i><.01), muscle endurance of the involved side peak torque inversion(<i>p</i><.001), eversion(<i>p</i><.01), total work inversion(<i>p</i><.001), eversion(<i>p</i><.01), uninvolved side peak torque inversion(<i>p</i><.01), total work inversion(<i>p</i><.01) were significantly increased.CONCLUSIONS It was confirmed that application of rehabilitation exercise program after arthroscopic modified Brostrom operation was effective for positive possibilities of its settlement as regular rehabilitation exercise program.

scholarly journals A Prospective Analysis on Functional Outcomes Following Extended Latissimus Dorsi Flap Breast Reconstruction

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Eyjolfsdottir ◽  
B. Haraldsdottir ◽  
M. Ragnarsdottir ◽  
K. S. Asgeirsson
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi Flap ◽  
Lateral Flexion ◽  
Shoulder Range Of Motion ◽  
Shoulder Movement ◽  
Flexion Extension

Background: To prospectively assess the functional effect of using the extended latissimus dorsi flap in immediate breast reconstructions. Materials and Methods: A total of 15 consecutive patients undergoing breast reconstruction with extended latissimus dorsi flap participated. Shoulder range of motion, muscle strength, lateral flexion of the torso, and position of scapula were measured pre-operatively and 1, 6, and 12 months post-operatively, in addition to donor-site post-operative complications. Results: At 12 months post-operatively, patients had achieved full range of shoulder movement, when compared to pre-operative values. Lateral flexion of the torso was, however, significantly reduced bilaterally at 1 and 6 months post-operatively (p = 0.001, p = 0.01) and to the not operated side at 12 months (p = 0.01). Muscle strength in flexion–extension–internal rotation was significantly (p = 0.01) reduced on the operated side 12 months post-operatively. All but one patient had numbness around the donor-site scar 12 months post-operatively, 33% had slight adhesions but all were pain free. Conclusion: Although invariably, patients having extended latissimus dorsi flap may expect to achieve full range of shoulder movement, they should be informed of possible functional consequences and the time and effort it takes to recover. Further research is needed to investigate the potential long-term functional implications that extended latissimus dorsi flap may have as a result of changes in the lateral flexion of the torso and scapula position.

Knee Extensor Muscle Strength and Vertical Jumping Performance Characteristics in Pre- and Post-Pubertal Boys

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mati Pääsuke ◽  
Jaan Ereline ◽  
Helena Gapeyeva
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Extensor Muscle ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Jumping Performance ◽  
Vertical Jumping ◽  
Pubertal Boys ◽  
Knee Extensor Muscle Strength

Knee extensor muscle strength and vertical jumping performance characteristics were compared between 14 pre-pubertal (11-year-old) and post-pubertal (16-year-old) boys. Post-pubertal boys had greater (p < .05) absolute values of maximal isometric force (MF) and rate of force development (RFD), absolute and body mass-related values of isokinetic peak torque of the knee extensor muscles at angular velocities of 60, 180, and 240° · s−1, as well as jumping height in squat, counter-movement, and drop jumps, than pre-pubertal boys. This study indicated an inability to use the positive effect of stretch-shortening cycle to vertical jumping performance in pre- and post-pubertal boys.

ACTN-3 Genotype, Body Composition, Fitness, and +Gz Tolerance in Senior Cadets

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (12) ◽  
pp. 1055-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seunghwan Shin ◽  
Hyunseok Jee
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Air Force Academy ◽  
Leg Extension ◽  
Isokinetic Muscle Strength ◽  
Significant Difference

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the relationships among ACTN-3, body composition, fitness, and +Gz tolerance for senior cadet training development and their safe task performance.METHODS: The subjects were all senior cadets (N = 68) at the Korea Air Force Academy. All cadets are required to pass a physical fitness test (3-km running, sit-ups, push-ups) and body composition test on a semiannual basis. Isokinetic muscle function (strength and endurance), +Gz test (+6 Gz ⋅ 30 s−1), and target gene (ACTN-3) were analyzed.RESULTS: The effects of body composition and physical fitness along with the relationship of the ACTN-3 genotype to the +6 Gz test results were determined. Consequently, no significant difference was found concerning the effect of ACTN-3 on the +6 Gz test result, body composition, and physical fitness; however, body fat (%) and isokinetic muscle strength (peak torque right leg extension and left leg flexion) showed significance between the pass and failure groups in the +Gz test.DISCUSSION: The cadets of the Korea Air Force Academy showed dominant fast genetic expression type based on their ACTN-3 genotype [RR and RX (N = 51, 75%) > XX (N = 17, 25%)]. Body fat (%) and isokinetic muscle strength (PT R EX, L FL) can be more effective predictors in the +6 Gz test for cadet training. Another speculation is that more RR- and RX-type-oriented training can promote cadets’ Gz tolerance from the isokinetic factors such as high peak torque and low fatigue index.Shin S, Jee H. ACTN-3 genotype, body composition, fitness, and +Gz tolerance in senior cadets. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019; 90(12):1055–1060.

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