scholarly journals Local implantation of autologous adipose-derived stem cells increases femoral strength and bone density in osteoporotic rats: A randomized controlled animal study

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 230949901879953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ofir Uri ◽  
Eyal Behrbalk ◽  
Yoram Folman
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Animal Study ◽  
Proximal Femur ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Promising Source

Background: Deficient osteogenic capacity of bone marrow stem cells plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have emerged as a promising source of skeletal progenitor cells. The capacity of ADSCs to undergo osteogenic differentiation and induce mineralized tissue formation may be beneficial in the treatment of osteoporosis. We question whether administration of autologous ADSCs into the proximal femur of osteoporotic rats will induce osteogenesis and enhance bone quality and strength. Materials and Methods: Thirty ovariectomized female rats were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups: (1) percutanous implantation of autogenous ADSCs-seeded scaffold into the proximal femur and (2) percutanous implantation of non-seeded scaffold. The contralateral untreated femur served as control. The effect of treatment on bone characteristics was assessed at 12-week follow-up by micro-computed tomography analysis, mechanical testing, and histological analysis. Results: The mean cortical thickness, total bone volume density, and bone load to failure in femora injected with autologous ADSCs-seeded scaffold was significantly higher compared to femora injected with non-seeded scaffold and compared to the untreated control femora ( p < 0.01). Histological examination of the injected specimens revealed complete osseo-integration of the scaffolds with direct conversion of the ADSCs into osteoblasts and no inflammatory response. Conclusions: Autogenous ADSCs implantation into the proximal femur of rats with ovariectomy-related osteoporosis promoted bone regeneration and increased bone strength at short-term follow-up. These findings highlight the potential benefit of autogenous ADSCs in the treatment of osteoporosis. Level of Evidence: Level I, randomized controlled trial, animal study.

Cell-Based Regenerative Endodontics for Treatment of Periapical Lesions: A Randomized, Controlled Phase I/II Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Brizuela ◽  
G. Meza ◽  
D. Urrejola ◽  
M.A. Quezada ◽  
G. Concha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Randomized Controlled

A randomized controlled phase I/II clinical trial was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of encapsulated human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in a plasma-derived biomaterial for regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) in mature permanent teeth with apical lesions. The trial included 36 patients with mature incisors, canines, or mandibular premolars showing pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis. Patients were randomly and equally allocated between experimental (REP) or conventional root canal treatment (ENDO) groups. On the first visit, cavity access and mechanical preparation of the root canal were performed. Calcium hydroxide medication was used, and the cavity was sealed. Three weeks later, patients were treated following their assigned protocol of ENDO or REP. Clinical follow-up examinations were performed at 6 and 12 mo. Categorical variables were evaluated by Fisher’s exact test. Quantitative variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. The evolution over time of the percentage of perfusion units and the dimensions of lesion and cortical compromise were explored. After the 12-mo follow-up, no adverse events were reported, and the patients showed 100% clinical efficacy in both groups. Interestingly, in the REP group, the perfusion unit percentage measured by laser Doppler flowmetry revealed an increase from 60.6% to 78.1% between baseline and 12-mo follow-up. Sensitivity tests revealed an increase of the positive pulp response in the REP group at 12-mo follow-up (from 6% to 56% on the cold test, from 0% to 28% on the hot test, and from 17% to 50% on the electrical test). We present the first clinical safety and efficacy evidence of the endodontic use of allogenic umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated in a plasma-derived biomaterial. The innovative approach, based on biological principles that promote dentin-pulp regeneration, presents a promising alternative for the treatment of periapical pathology (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03102879).

scholarly journals Cranioplasty with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells, Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Granules and Supporting Mesh: Six-Year Clinical Follow-Up Results

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1576-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomo Thesleff ◽  
Kai Lehtimäki ◽  
Tero Niskakangas ◽  
Sanna Huovinen ◽  
Bettina Mannerström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate

Facial Nerve Repair With Gore-Tex Tube and Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: An Animal Study in Dogs

2013 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Ghoreishian ◽  
Majid Rezaei ◽  
Batoul Hashemi Beni ◽  
Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard ◽  
Bijan Movahedian Attar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Animal Study ◽  
Nerve Repair ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells

scholarly journals Modeling Adipogenesis: Current and Future Perspective

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisham F. Bahmad ◽  
Reem Daouk ◽  
Joseph Azar ◽  
Jiranuwat Sapudom ◽  
Jeremy C. M. Teo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Physiological Importance ◽  
And Personalized Medicine

Adipose tissue is contemplated as a dynamic organ that plays key roles in the human body. Adipogenesis is the process by which adipocytes develop from adipose-derived stem cells to form the adipose tissue. Adipose-derived stem cells’ differentiation serves well beyond the simple goal of producing new adipocytes. Indeed, with the current immense biotechnological advances, the most critical role of adipose-derived stem cells remains their tremendous potential in the field of regenerative medicine. This review focuses on examining the physiological importance of adipogenesis, the current approaches that are employed to model this tightly controlled phenomenon, and the crucial role of adipogenesis in elucidating the pathophysiology and potential treatment modalities of human diseases. The future of adipogenesis is centered around its crucial role in regenerative and personalized medicine.

Intra-articular Injection of Autologous Adipose-Derived Stem Cells or Stromal Vascular Fractions: Are They Effective for Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2022 ◽  
pp. 036354652110538
Author(s):  
Kang-Il Kim ◽  
Myung-Seo Kim ◽  
Jun-Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Subgroup Analyses

Background: Intra-articular injection of adipose-derived stem cells, which are divided into adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) and adipose-derived stromal vascular fractions (ADSVFs), has been reported to be a viable treatment modality for knee osteoarthritis (OA); however, its efficacy remains limited. Purpose: This study aimed to provide comprehensive information about the efficacy and safety of intra-articular injections of autologous ASCs and ADSVFs without adjuvant treatment in patients with knee OA. Study Design: Meta-analysis; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A systematic search of the MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy and safety of intra-articular injections of autologous ASCs or ADSVFs without adjuvant treatments compared with placebo or hyaluronic acid in patients with knee OA. Clinically, the 100-mm visual analog scale for pain relief and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index for functional improvement were implemented. Radiologically, cartilage status was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Procedure-related knee pain, swelling, and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated for safety. Additionally, we performed subgroup analyses comparing ASCs versus ADSVFs. Methodological quality was assessed using the modified Coleman Methodology Score (mCMS). Results: A total of 5 RCTs were included in this study. Based on the meta-analysis, ASCs or ADSVFs showed significantly better pain relief at 6 months ( Z = 7.62; P < .0001) and 12 months ( Z = 7.21; P < .0001) and functional improvement at 6 months ( Z = 4.13; P < .0001) and 12 months ( Z = 3.79; P = .0002), without a difference in procedure-related knee pain or swelling compared with controls. Although a meta-analysis with regard to cartilage improvements was not performed owing to heterogeneous MRI assessment, 3 studies reported significantly improved cartilage status after the injection. No serious AEs associated with ASCs or ADSVFs were reported. Subgroup analyses showed similar efficacy between ASC and ADSVF treatments. The median mCMS was 70 (range, 55-75). Conclusion: For patients with knee OA, intra-articular injection of autologous ASCs or ADSVFs without adjuvant treatment showed remarkable clinical efficacy and safety at short-term follow-up. Some degree of efficacy has been shown for cartilage regeneration in knee OA, although the evidence remains limited. Further RCTs that directly compare ASCs and ADSVFs are needed.

scholarly journals Adipose Derived Stem Cells and Growth Factors Applied on Hair Transplantation. Follow-Up of Clinical Outcome

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 268-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Zanzottera ◽  
Emilio Lavezzari ◽  
Letizia Trovato ◽  
Alessandro Icardi ◽  
Antonio Graziano
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Transplantation

scholarly journals The Use of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in the Treatment of Physiological and Pathological Vulvar Dystrophies

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Giuseppina Onesti ◽  
Sara Carella ◽  
Simona Ceccarelli ◽  
Cinzia Marchese ◽  
Nicolò Scuderi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Biopsy Specimen ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Lichen Sclerosus ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Graft Versus Host ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
Before And After

“Vulvar dystrophy” is characterized by chronic alterations of vulvar trophism, occurring in both physiological (menopause) and pathological (lichen sclerosus, vulvar graft-versus-host disease) conditions. Associated symptoms are itching, burning, dyspareunia and vaginal dryness. Current treatments often do not imply a complete remission of symptoms. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) injection represents a valid alternative therapy to enhance trophism and tone of dystrophic tissues. We evaluated efficacy of ADSCs-based therapy in the dystrophic areas. From February to April 2013 we enrolled 8 patients with vulvar dystrophy. A biopsy specimen was performed before and after treatment. Digital photographs were taken at baseline and during the follow-up. Pain was detected with Visual Analogue Scale and sexual function was evaluated with Female Sexual Function Index. All patients received 2 treatments in 3 months. Follow-up was at 1 week , 1 and 3 months, and 1 and 2 years. We obtained a significant vulvar trophism enhancement in all patients, who reported pain reduction and sexual function improvement. Objective exam with speculum was easy to perform after treatment. We believe ADSCs-based therapy finds its application in the treatment of vulvar dystrophies, since ADSCs could induce increased vascularization due to their angiogenic properties and tissue trophism improvement thanks to their eutrophic effect.

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