Hematologic Profiles of Ethiopian Preterm Infants With Clinical Diagnoses of Early-Onset Sepsis, Perinatal Asphyxia, and Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Objective. To determine the hematologic profile of preterm infants with regard to different diseases. Methods. A prospective, cross-sectional, observational study, conducted in 5 hospitals in Ethiopia from July 2016 to May 2018. Preterm babies <7 days of age were included and investigated with complete blood counts (CBC) and other investigations, accordingly. Results. Out of 4919 preterms, 3852 (78.3%) were admitted to a newborn intensive care unit, and of these, 68.3% had a CBC performed. The mean values of hemoglobin, white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts were 17.9 mg/dL; 12 685 cells/mm3, and 159 340 cells/mm3, respectively. Early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) 1433 (37%), asphyxia 266 (6.9%), and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) 1738 (45.3%) were common reasons for admission. The WBC count was <5000 cells/mm3 for 8.8%, 9.0%, and 11.1% of neonates with EONS, asphyxia and RDS, respectively. The hemoglobin value was <7 mg/dL for 0.6%, 1.7%, and 0.4% of preterm infants with EONS, asphyxia, and RDS, respectively. The platelet count was <50 000 cells/mm3 for 16.8%, 17.7%, and 19.8% of preterms admitted with a diagnosis of EONS, asphyxia, and RDS, respectively. Conclusion. WBC and platelet counts were the most common to be associated with EONS, asphyxia, and RDS. Further study is recommended to determine the effect of abnormal hematologic profile on the outcome of preterm babies.

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Is Vitamin D Deficiency a Risk Factor for Respiratory Distress Syndrome?

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000165 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 83 (4) ◽

pp. 232-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Fevzi Ataseven ◽

Canan Aygün ◽

Ali Okuyucu ◽

Abdulkerim Bedir ◽

Yasemin Kücük ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

In Utero ◽

Preterm Babies

Background: Previous studies have shown the relationship between in utero lung development and vitamin D [25(OH)D], but there have been no studies to investigate whether vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm babies. Objectives: In this study, we investigated if 25(OH)D deficiency is a risk factor for RDS. Methods: One hundred fifty-two preterm newborns, born at 29 - 35 weeks gestational age, were included in the study following informed consent from the parents. Peripheral blood samples were collected within the first 24 hours of life and 25(OH)D levels were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Demographic characteristics of the babies and the diagnosis of RDS were recorded. Results: In 64 % of preterm infants, 25(OH)D levels were compatible with severe deficiency (≤ 10 ng/mL), 33 % with moderate deficiency (10 - 20 ng/mL), and 3 % with mild deficiency (20 - 30 ng/mL). In none of the babies was a normal 25(OH)D level observed. Serum 25(OH)D levels were not correlated with gestational age. Respiratory distress syndrome was more common in preterm babies with severe (28 %) compared to mild-moderate 25(OH)D deficiency (14 %) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: None of the preterm infants in this study had normal vitamin D level, which underlined the burden of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and their offspring. RDS was more common in severely vitamin D-deficient preterms. Determination of vitamin D status of the mothers and appropriate supplementation might be a valuable strategy to reduce RDS, in addition to antenatal steroids. Besides, since vitamin D is a regulatory factor in many organs during fetal development, long-term effects of in utero vitamin D deficiency warrant further studies.

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Clinical management and outcome of extreme preterm infant with respiratory distress syndrome, early onset sepsis and necrotizing enterocolitis stage 1: a case report

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20211658 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 580

Author(s):

A. Priya ◽

Mohammed Fardan ◽

Aswathy M. Shaji ◽

R. Kannan ◽

K. Arun Chander Yadav

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽

Early Onset ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Stable Condition ◽

Effective Management ◽

Preterm Baby ◽

Early Onset Sepsis ◽

Stage 1

Respiratory distress syndrome, although it is common in extreme preterm infants, early and effective management will aid in better outcome. Preterm also comes with multiple co- morbidities which has to be considered and stepwise treatment is utmost important in tackling them. Here, we report a case of an extreme preterm baby who experienced respiratory distress syndrome with early onset sepsis along with necrotizing enterocolitis. Early diagnosis and management helped in the discharge of the infant in stable condition.

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Etiology of Respiratory Distress in Newborn Experience in BIRDEM

BIRDEM Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/birdem.v3i1.17122 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 19-22

Author(s):

Afroza Haque ◽

MA Baki ◽

Tahmina Begum ◽

Shahida Akhter ◽

Suraiya Begum ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Ventilation ◽

Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Perinatal Asphyxia ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Common Causes ◽

Common Etiology ◽

Preterm Babies

Objectives: Respiratory distress is one of the most common causes of admission in Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). There are many causes of respiratory distress, among them, transient tachypnoea of newborn, respiratory distress syndrome and perinatal asphyxia are commonest causes. The aim of this study was to identify the etiology of respiratory distress in special care baby unit (SCABU) in BIRDEM General Hospital and to observe the immediate hospital outcome of these babies. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in SCABU, BIRDEM. Data were collected from all patients files admitted in to SCABU during the period from January to December 2011. Results: A total of 562 patients were admitted, among them 192 cases were admitted due to respiratory distress (34.1%). There was male predominance (64.6%). Two third (65.6%) babies were inborn and majority (84.4%) were born by caesarian section and preterm babies were more (65.6%). The commonest causes of respiratory distress in our study were transient tachypnea of newborn (43.2%), respiratory distress syndrome (30.2%), perinatal asphyxia (25%), septicaemia (16.1%) congenital pneumonia (11.9%), congenital heart disease (10.4%). All babies required oxygen initially, subsequently mechanical ventilation and Bubble CPAP was required in 48 (25.0%) and 8(04.1%) cases respectively. Mortality was 16.7% and was highest in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) (71.8%) followed by septicaemia (40.6%) and perinatal asphyxia (37.3%). Among neonates requiring mechanical ventilation 56.2% died. Conclusion: Transient tachypnoea of newborn (TTN), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), perinatal asphyxia and septicaemia were the common etiology for respiratory distress. Mortality was very high in RDS and septicaemia. Birdem Med J 2013; 3(1): 19-22 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/birdem.v3i1.17122

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Early-onset Sepsis and Pneumonia Observed as Respiratory Distress Syndrome

American Journal of Diseases of Children ◽

10.1001/archpedi.1980.02130200036012 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 134 (8) ◽

pp. 766 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jack Jacob

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Early Onset ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Early Onset Sepsis

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NHFOV vs NIPPV vs nCPAP in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct03842462 ◽

2000 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Distress Syndrome

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Trial of aerosolised surfactant for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2021-321645 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. fetalneonatal-2021-321645

Author(s):

Luke Jardine ◽

Kei Lui ◽

Helen G Liley ◽

Timothy Schindler ◽

James Fink ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Preterm Infants ◽

Distress Syndrome ◽

Failure Criteria ◽

Open Label ◽

Dose Escalation Study ◽

Safety Issues ◽

Label Dose ◽

Historical Controls

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety of an aerosolised surfactant, SF-RI 1, administered via nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) and a prototype breath synchronisation device (AeroFact), to preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).DesignMulticentre, open-label, dose-escalation study with historical controls.SettingNewborn intensive care units at Mater Mothers’ Hospital, Brisbane, and Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, Australia.PatientsInfants 26 weeks through 30 weeks gestation who required nCPAP 6–8 cmH2O and fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) <0.30 at <2 hours of age.InterventionsIn part 1, infants received a single dose of 216 mg/kg of aerosolised surfactant. In part 2, infants could receive up to four doses of aerosolised surfactant. Three historical control infants were matched for each enrolled infant.Main outcome measuresTreatment failure was defined as Respiratory Severity Score (FiO2×cmH2O nCPAP) >2.4, nCPAP >8 cmH2O, arterial carbon dioxide >65 mm Hg, pH <7.20 or three severe apnoeas within 6 hours during the first 72 hours of life. Other outcomes included tolerance of the AeroFact treatment and complications of prematurity.Results10 infants were enrolled in part 1 and 21 in part 2 and were compared with 93 historical controls. No safety issues were identified. In part 2, 6 of 21 (29%) AeroFact-treated infants compared with 30 of 63 (48%) control infants met failure criteria. Kaplan-Meier analysis of patients in part 2 showed a trend towards decreased rate of study failure in the AeroFact-treated infants compared with historical controls (p=0.10).ConclusionThe AeroFact system can safely deliver aerosolised surfactant to preterm infants with RDS who are on nCPAP.Trial registration numberACTRN12617001458325.

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