scholarly journals Rethinking the Boundaries: Competitive Threat and the Asymmetric Salience of Race/Ethnicity in Attitudes toward Immigrants

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 237802311771390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric W. Schoon ◽  
Kathryn Freeman Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Differences ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigrants ◽  
Cultural Threat ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Research on attitudes toward immigrants has come to divergent conclusions regarding the role of race and ethnicity in shaping these attitudes. Using survey data from 18 European countries, the authors analyze how conditions associated with both economic and cultural threat shape respondents’ receptivity to establishing relationships with immigrants of the same race or ethnicity versus immigrants of a different race or ethnicity. The analyses reveal that the salience of racial and ethnic differences in shaping attitudes toward immigrants is asymmetric. Those who are more likely to express negative attitudes toward immigrants are also more likely to differentiate between immigrants on the basis of race and ethnicity, whereas those less likely to express negative attitudes are also less likely to distinguish between immigrants on the basis of racial and ethnic differences. The authors discuss the substantive and theoretical implications of these findings.

Do the Effects of Strain and Religiosity on Criminal Coping Differ by Race and Ethnicity?

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 807-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Barbieri ◽  
Jessica M. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Differences ◽  
Mixed Support ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Recently, Agnew suggested that delinquent offending is more likely to occur in the presence of a variety of criminogenic risk factors. Prior research has suggested that racial and ethnic differences exist in both the type and frequency of negative life experiences as well as coping mechanisms utilized in response to these strains. The current study sought to determine the relationship between prior victimization and a coping mechanism on subsequent offending, while controlling for the role of criminogenic risk factors. Racial and ethnic differences were also explored. Results revealed mixed support for general strain theory’s arguments on the unequivocal import of victimization as well as racial and ethnic differences in the impact of strain and religiosity on future offending. Future research considering criminal propensities and racial/ethnic differences are needed.

Evoking Issues of Race and Ethnicity in Research on Physiology and Interpersonal Communication

2020 ◽  
pp. 260-287
Author(s):  
Shardé M. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
Interpersonal Interactions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Diverse Groups ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Area Of Study

Investigating the role of physiology in communication research is a burgeoning area of study that has gained considerable attention by relational scholars in the past decade. Unfortunately, very few published studies on this topic have evoked important questions about the role of race and ethnicity. Exploring issues of ethnicity and race provides a more holistic and inclusive view of interpersonal communication across diverse groups and communities. This chapter addresses the gap in literature by considering the ways in which race and ethnicity matter in work on physiology and interpersonal interactions. More specifically, this chapter will first discuss the conceptual underpinnings of race, ethnicity, and other relevant concepts and then review extant research within and beyond the field of communication on race, ethnicity, interpersonal interactions, and physiology. These discussions set the foundation for this chapter to propose new lines of research that pointedly connect these four concepts and advance key principles that scholars should consider in future work.

North American Attitudes toward Immigrants and Immigration in the Time of COVID-19: The Role of National Attachment and Threat

2021 ◽  
Vol 697 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-173
Author(s):  
Victoria M. Esses ◽  
Alina Sutter ◽  
Joanie Bouchard ◽  
Kate H. Choi ◽  
Patrick Denice
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigrants ◽  
Country Level ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Immigration Attitudes ◽  
National Attachment ◽  
National Representative Survey

Using a cross-national representative survey conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, we examine predictors of attitudes toward immigrants and immigration in Canada and the United States, including general and COVID-related nationalism, patriotism, and perceived personal and national economic and health threats. In both countries, nationalism, particularly COVID-related nationalism, predicted perceptions that immigration levels were too high and negative attitudes toward immigrants. Patriotism predicted negative immigration attitudes in the United States but not in Canada, where support for immigration and multiculturalism are part of national identity. Conversely, personal and national economic threat predicted negative immigration attitudes in Canada more than in the United States. In both countries, national health threat predicted more favorable views of immigration levels and attitudes toward immigrants, perhaps because many immigrants have provided frontline health care during the pandemic. Country-level cognition in context drives immigration attitudes and informs strategies for supporting more positive views of immigrants and immigration.

scholarly journals Racial and Ethnic Differences in Consumers’ Economic Expectations

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 237802311881527
Author(s):  
Megan Doherty Bea
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ethnic Composition ◽  
Ethnic Variation ◽  
Survey Of Consumer Finances ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Differences ◽  
Consumer Finances ◽  
Economic Expectations ◽  
Economic Experiences

Consumers’ expectations about the future of their own finances and the macroeconomy are used to forecast consumption, but forecasts do not typically account for differences by race and ethnicity. In this report, the author asks (1) whether there is consistent racial and ethnic variation in consumers’ economic expectations, (2) if differences can be explained by economic experiences, and (3) how the scope of expectations matters. The author uses the Survey of Consumer Finances to examine variation in the likelihood of positive national and personal economic expectations among individuals who identify as black, white, or Hispanic. The author finds that national expectations have substantial racial and ethnic variation net of economic experiences. For personal expectations, initial racial and ethnic variation in the likelihood of positive expectations disappears once economic experiences are accounted for. These findings have important implications for consumption forecasts, especially as the racial and ethnic composition of the United States changes.

Religious Social Identity, Religious Belief, and Anti-Immigration Sentiment

2015 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAZIT BEN-NUN BLOOM ◽  
GIZEM ARIKAN ◽  
MARIE COURTEMANCHE
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Religious Experience ◽  
Religious Belief ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Host Society ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigrants ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Religion And Ethnicity

Somewhat paradoxically, numerous scholars in various disciplines have found that religion induces negative attitudes towards immigrants, while others find that it fuels feelings of compassion. We offer a framework that accounts for this discrepancy. Using two priming experiments conducted among American Catholics, Turkish Muslims, and Israeli Jews, we disentangle the role of religious social identity and religious belief, and differentiate among types of immigrants based on their ethnic and religious similarity to, or difference from, members of the host society. We find that religious social identity increases opposition to immigrants who are dissimilar to in-group members in religion or ethnicity, while religious belief engenders welcoming attitudes toward immigrants of the same religion and ethnicity, particularly among the less conservative devout. These results suggest that different elements of the religious experience exert distinct and even contrasting effects on immigration attitudes, manifested in both the citizenry's considerations of beliefs and identity and its sensitivity to cues regarding the religion of the target group.

How Dehumanization Influences Attitudes toward Immigrants

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Utych
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigrants ◽  
Policy Attitudes ◽  
Immigration Attitudes ◽  
Original Experimental Data

Immigrants, as a group, are frequently described in ways, such as vermin or disease, that portray them as less than human. This type of dehumanizing language leads to negative emotional responses and negative attitudes toward the dehumanized group. This paper examines how the dehumanization of immigrants influences immigration policy attitudes. I use original experimental data to show that dehumanization leads to more negative immigration attitudes. I further find that these negative attitudes are mediated by the role of emotion. Dehumanization increases anger and disgust toward immigrants, which causes anti-immigrant sentiment.

scholarly journals Diversity Management in Classroom: Exploration of Teacher's Role

Patan Pragya ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-288
Author(s):  
Dawa Sherpa
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Language Diversity ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Differences ◽  
School Diversity ◽  
Fair Treatment ◽  
Classroom Diversity

Nepal is a country of diversity in terms of ideological, cultural, religious, caste, geographical and sexual orientation, ethnicity, class and language. Diversity is not merely a problem, it is an opportunity for exploring creativity of individuals who have cultural, racial, and ethnic differences. In this context, this study aims to explore the role of teacher in diversity management in the classroom. I chose purposive sampling to identify the participant for my study. Headteacher, teacher and the students are the participant in my study. Multicultural education, Fair treatment and respect of differences are key for living diversity. Differences of the individuals need to addressed inside and outside the classroom. Diversity is the property of the school from which teacher and students learn different idea information and knowledge form the diversified students in his school. Diversity need to celebrate in the school in the different functions.

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