Sociodemographic Characteristics of Mission of Mercy Attendees in Wisconsin

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
C. Okunseri ◽  
E. Eggert ◽  
C. Zheng ◽  
F. Eichmiller ◽  
E. Okunseri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
County Level ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Access To Dental Care ◽  
Event Location ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Population Ratio ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Mission of Mercy (MoM) events are scheduled to provide care to populations suffering from urgent needs and inadequate access to dental care in the United States. This study examined individual and county-level characteristics of MoM attendees and the factors associated with changes in the rate of attendance. Methods: Deidentified archival data for MoM events available from the America’s Dentists Care Foundation (2013–2016) were analyzed. Summary statistics were calculated separately for each year. Chi-square test was performed to identify changes in attendance distribution over time. Poisson regression analyses were conducted to test changes in the rate of attendance with and without adjustment for county-level characteristics and history of prior MoM events. Results: Total numbers of attendees at Wisconsin MoM events were 1,560, 1,635, 1,187, and 951 in 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016, respectively. Attendees were mostly female (>50%) and White (58%–81%), and mean age ranged between 36.5 and 39.2 y. The average travel distance ranged between 27 and 80 miles. Residents of counties where MoM events were held in previous years were more likely to attend another MoM event after adjusting for county distance to current location. After adjusting for dentists-to-population ratio, event history, and county distance to event location, we found that there was no statistically significant change in the rate of attendance from 2013 to 2016. Conclusions: Previous attendees with experience of attending a MoM event in their counties of residence were more likely to attend another MoM event. Higher rates of attendance were associated with shorter travel distances to MoM events. Knowledge Transfer Statement: The Mission of Mercy (MoM) events are promoted by local dental organizations to highlight the issue of access to dental care and bring greater awareness to the problem by providing urgent dental care to populations in need. Through the data-sharing practices and analyses, policy makers, dental health advocates, and program organizers will have a better understanding of the impact and reach of the program. Findings from this study will help to expand program practices, promote efficiency, and aid in the identification of appropriate event locations, innovative strategies, and public policies relevant to addressing access to dental care.

scholarly journals Modeling the Impact of COVID-19 on Dental Insurance Coverage and Utilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
S.E. Choi ◽  
L. Simon ◽  
C.A. Riedy ◽  
J.R. Barrow
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Dental Insurance ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Access To Dental Care ◽  
Ed Visits ◽  
The Impact

Unemployment rates in the United States are rapidly increasing as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and attendant economic disruption. As employees lose their jobs, many will lose their employer-sponsored dental insurance (ESDI). Changes in insurance coverage are directly related to the oral health of the population, with many at risk of losing access to dental care. We assessed the impact of recent unemployment rates on insurance coverage and dental utilization. We estimated changes in dental insurance coverage at the state level, using previously applied econometric estimates. Expected changes in types of dental procedures performed at dental practices nationwide were assessed using a microsimulation model, using national practice survey data. Changes in emergency department (ED) visits for dental problems were estimated by fitting trendlines to ED visit patterns by payer type. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess how variations in unemployment rates and rates of ESDI in response to unemployment could alter the results. Since March 2020, the national unemployment rate has increased by 8.40 percentage points, an increase expected to result in more than 16 million individuals losing ESDI in the United States. Of these individuals, 45.0% are likely to enroll in their state’s Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program, and 47.0% are expected to become uninsured. With these expected changes in dental insurance coverage, the average dental practice would experience decreases in routine checkup visits but increases in tooth extraction, a procedure that is highly used by publicly insured or uninsured patients. In addition, dental-related ED visits would be expected to grow by 4.0%. Losses of employment caused by the COVID-19 in the United States can have countervailing effects on people’s health by impeding access to dental care. Lack of dental insurance is expected to be more pronounced in states that have not expanded Medicaid or do not provide Medicaid dental benefits for adults.

scholarly journals Sunlight and vitamin D in the prevention of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection and mortality in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yajia Li ◽  
Qiangxiang Li ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Zhenhua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
United States ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
The United States ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
General Regression ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study aims to investigate associations between sunlight and vitamin D, using latitude as an indicator, with COVID-19 cases and related deaths in the United States. General regression and Chi-square test were used to examine the associations between latitude and COVID-19 cases and deaths. The analyses indicated that latitudes were marginally associated with cases (p = 0.0792) and deaths (p = 0.0599), with an increase of 2491 cases and 189 deaths of the total numbers in the mainland of US for every unit of increase of the latitude. When the states were classified into high latitude (>N 370) and low latitude (<N 370) groups, both the cases (702 vs 255 cases/100k population) and deaths (43 vs 11 deaths/100k population) were significantly different (p < 0.001) between the two categories. The results suggested that sunlight and vitamin D, with latitude as an indicator, might be associated with decreased risks for both COVID-19 cases and deaths. These findings warranted urgent needs of large cohort, clinical and pre-clinical studies to assess the impact of VD on the prevention of COVID-19.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 related national lockdown on ophthalmic emergency in Italy: A multicenter study

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110280
Author(s):  
Maria L Salvetat ◽  
Carlo Salati ◽  
Patrizia Busatto ◽  
Marco Zeppieri
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Electronic Records ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Efficient Access ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Unpaired Student ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wet Amd

Purpose: To assess ocular pathologies admitted to Italian Emergency Eye Departments (EEDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic national lockdown in 2020 in comparison with the same period in 2019. Methods: Electronic records of all patients presenting at EEDs of two tertiary-care Eye Centers during the COVID-19 national lockdown in Italy (March 10–May 3, 2020) were compared with the equivalent period in 2019. Main outcomes were patient age, gender, and diagnoses. Statistical analysis included unpaired Student t-tests, Poisson regression, and chi-square test. Results: Overall EED visits significantly decreased by 54.1% during the 2020 lockdown compared to 2019 (851 vs 1854, p < 0.001). During lockdown, patients showed comparable mean age (52.8 years in 2020 vs 53.3 years in 2019, p = 0.52) and significant male gender bias (61.1% in 2020 vs 55.8% in 2019, p < 0.0001). The most frequent pathologies were eye inflammations, trauma-related incidents, and spontaneous acute vitreous detachment. Patients with inflammation, headache/hemicrania, and spontaneous subconjunctival hemorrhages were significantly less, whereas those with trauma-related diagnoses were significantly higher during the lockdown as compared with 2019 ( p < 0.05). The proportion of non-urgent visits decreased from 17% in 2019 to 8% in 2020 ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: During the 2020 lockdown, there was a significant reduction of accesses to EED, especially for non-urgent pathologies. Potentially visual function threatening conditions, such as trauma-related pathologies, retinal detachment or ruptures, and wet AMD, showed lower number of cases but higher or stable proportion relative to the total caseload, suggesting a correct and efficient access to ophthalmic health care during the pandemic period.

Social assessment of children dental health and its determining factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
T. G. Svetlichnaya ◽  
A. S. Mityagina ◽  
T. M. Burkova ◽  
N. M. Ogorelkova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Pediatric Dentist ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Decay Risk

Relevance. The high prevalence of tooth decay requires investigation of its risk factors. The aim was to study tooth decay risk factors among six-year-old children according to the level of dental health (based on parents’ assessment).Materials and methods. The research evaluated the dental health of six-year-olds and factors defining their oral health; The study surveyed 515 parents of six-year-old children from 7 kindergartens in Arkhangelsk. Pearson chi-square test assessed the differences in the frequency of tooth decay factors among six-year-old children according to the level of dental health. The accepted significance level was 0.05.Results. The Arkhangelsk parents evaluated the dental health of their six-year-olds as relatively favourable: good (41.2%) and satisfactory (46.6%). Only 9.5% of children had poor health. Children generally had good oral hygiene skills: 86.8% liked brushing their teeth; 60.2% squeezed the optimal amount of toothpaste on the toothbrush; 56.7% brushed their teeth twice a day. The dental literacy of parents was satisfactory: 67.0% purchased toothpaste for children; 90.8% considered necessary to treat primary teeth; 69.2% replaced toothbrush every three months; 59.7% visited a pediatric dentist twice a year. The children with poor dental health had insufficient oral hygiene skills: 46.9% did not like teeth cleaning; 51.1% brushed their teeth once a day. Their diet was not healthy: 100.0% did not eat hard food; 65.3% frequently consumed sweets. The parents  of children with poor dental health had low medical literacy and poor oral hygiene: 46.9% did not know that treatment of primary teeth was necessary; 42.9% considered the treatment of primary teeth as unnecessary; 32.6% purchased whatever toothpaste. The general negative trend is to use toothpaste without fluoride (68.1%).Conclusions. The results of the study demonstrated a significantly higher frequency of cariogenic factors in children with poor dental health.

Abstract 177: Credentials of Staff Performing Echocardiography in the United States: Insights from the Intersocietal Accreditation Commission

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew W Parker ◽  
Diana Sobieraj ◽  
Mary Beth Farrell ◽  
Craig I Coleman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Volume Number ◽  
National Board ◽  
Formal Level ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Medical Directors

Background: Little has been published on the practice of echocardiography (echo) in the United States. We used the Intersocietal Accreditation Commission-Echocardiography (IAC-Echo) applications database to describe the personnel in echo laboratories seeking accreditation. Methods: We used de-identified data provided on IAC-Echo applications to characterize facilities by hospital association, census region, annual volume, number of sites, previous accreditation, and numbers of physicians and sonographers as well as National Board of Echocardiography (NBE) testamur status of physicians and registered credential status of sonographers. We categorized Medical Directors by board certification in cardiovascular diseases, internal medicine, other specialty, or none. Medical Director echo training could be formal Level 2 or 3 or experiential by ≥3 years of practice. Frequencies, means, and medians were compared between groups using the chi-square test, t-test, or Mann Whitney test, respectively. Results: From 2011 to 2013, 1926 echo labs representing 10618 physicians and 6870 sonographers applied for IAC-Echo accreditation or re-accreditation. The majority of medical directors were board certified in cardiovascular diseases and 34.1% of medical directors and 27.2% of staff physicians held NBE testamur status; 79.5% of sonographers held registered credentials. Most echo labs were in the Northeast or South census regions, have an average of 1.75 sites, and are based outside of hospitals (Table). Compared to nonhospital echo labs, medical directors of hospital-based echo labs were more likely to be Level 3 trained (19.8% versus 30.8%, p<0.01) and be NBE testamurs (28.9% versus 45.6%, p<0.01). Markers of echo lab size, region, previous accreditation, and credentialed sonographers were associated with accreditation versus delay decisions; there was a trend toward accreditation among facilities with NBE medical directors. Conclusion: Among facilities seeking IAC-Echo accreditation, the minority of echo physicians hold NBE testamur status. Hospital and nonhospital facilities are different in the credentials of their personnel.

Abstract 56: Acute Stroke Reperfusion Treatment Rates at NIH StrokeNET Hospitals

Stroke ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Opeolu Adeoye ◽  
Dawn Kleindorfer
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
High Volume ◽  
The United States ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Successful Recruitment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Reperfusion Phase

Background: In 2013, the NIH Stroke Trials Network (StrokeNET) was established to maximize efficiencies in stroke clinical trials. Successful recruitment in future trials was required for participating sites. A high volume of cases treated is a surrogate for the potential to recruit. Among Medicare-eligible acute ischemic stroke (AIS) cases, we estimated the IV rt-PA and endovascular embolectomy treatment rates at StrokeNET Regional Coordinating Centers and their partner hospitals compared with non-StrokeNET hospitals in the United States (US). Methods: We used demographics and IV rt-PA and embolectomy rates in the 2013 Medicare Provider and Analysis Review (MEDPAR) dataset. ICD-9 codes 433.xx, 434.xx and 436 identified AIS cases. ICD-9 code 99.10 defined rt-PA treatment and ICD-9 code 39.74 defined embolectomy. Demographics and treatment rates at StrokeNET and non-StrokeNET sites were compared using t-test for proportions and Chi-square test for categorical variables as appropriate. Results: Of 386,157 AIS primary diagnosis discharges, 5.1% received IV rt-PA and 0.8% had embolectomy (Table). By June 6, 2014, StrokeNET comprised 247 acute care hospitals that discharged 48,946 (13%) out of 386,157 AIS cases. rt-PA (7.4% vs 4.8%) and embolectomy (1.9% vs 0.6%) treatment rates were higher at StrokeNET hospitals. In 2013, 36% of StrokeNET hospitals treated more than 20 AIS cases with rt-PA or embolectomy compared with 6% of non-StrokeNET hospitals (P<0.0001).Conclusions StrokeNET hospitals treat more AIS cases with acute reperfusion therapies. Thus, StrokeNET could successfully recruit in acute reperfusion clinical trials depending on study size, capture of eligible patients and the number of competing trials. We likely underestimated treatment rates due to not accounting for drip-and-ship and non-Medicare cases. To further enhance enrollments in large acute reperfusion phase 3 trials, partnership with high volume non-StrokeNET hospitals may be warranted.

Relationship between new farming practices and chemical use and the consumption of giant cricket (Brachytrupes membranaceus Drury, 1770)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.O. Miantsia ◽  
F. Meutchieye ◽  
S. Niassy
Keyword(s):  
Food Source ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pesticides Residues ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dependence Relationship ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Persistent Pesticides

The current work is aimed at generating information on giant crickets and the impact of commonly used pesticides on the natural population of these crickets. Data was collected based on interviews and complemented with field observations. Out of 319 respondents surveyed, 290 were aware of the use of the giant cricket as a food source, and 161 were active consumers. Regarding the availability of the giant cricket, respondents reported that the crickets’ populations were diminishing because of farming practices. About 219 persons reported that commonly used herbicides harm giant crickets at different stages. This could be attributed to the scarcity of this species, as mentioned by 233 respondents. The results showed that 130 respondents were engaged in gathering giant crickets for consumption. This insect gathering is related to soil tilling. Chi-square test showed a significant dependence relationship between herbicides use and cricket scarcity. Although less than a majority (129) of respondents are making regular use of persistent pesticides (herbicides), it has been observed that intensive use of pesticides could become a popular practice in smallholder farming categories. This paper thus suggests the need for training and surveillance concerning the trade of pesticides in the region and proposes further investigations into pesticides residues or traces in collected giant crickets consumed in the study site and in all areas with similar conditions.

scholarly journals An audit of US FDA warning letters issued to sponsors, institutional review boards and investigators over a six-year period

2021 ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Unnati Saxena ◽  
Debdipta Bose ◽  
Shruti Saha ◽  
Nithya J Gogtay ◽  
Urmila M Thatte
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Events ◽  
The United States ◽  
Institutional Review Boards ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
United States Food ◽  
Post Marketing ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Us Fda ◽  
Review Boards

The present audit was carried out with the objective of evaluating warning letters (WLs) issued to trial sponsors, clinical investigators and institutional review boards (IRBs) by the United States Food and Drug Administration during a six-year period and compare it with two similar earlier audits. WLs were reviewed and classified as per stakeholders and further categorised as per predefined violation themes. The chi-square test was performed for trend analysis of WLs. A total of 62 WLs were issued to the three stakeholders. The maximum number of WLs were issued to the clinical investigators (36/62, 58.06%), followed by sponsors (19/62, 30.64%), and least to the IRBs (7/62, 11.29%). Among sponsors, lack of standard operating procedures for the monitoring, receipt, evaluation and reporting of post-marketing adverse drug events was the most common violation theme (8/19, 42.1%). Among clinical investigators, deviation from investigational plan was the most common violation theme (31/36, 86.11%.). For IRBs, inadequate documentation was the most common violation theme (6/7, 85.71%). We saw an overall reduction in the number of WLs issued to the stakeholders. Thus, we identified multiple areas on which each stakeholder should work for improvement.

scholarly journals A Study on the impact of Coping Strategies over Stress Management – An Empirical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 5566-5573
Author(s):  
Ch.Narahari Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Stress Management ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Positive Emotion ◽  
Software Industry ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Impact

In the present study we analyze the employees’ perception towards coping measures adopted byfirms in software industry. The considered coping constructs adopted for the study in stress abatement areVenting of Emotions,Problem Focused, Seeking Information and emotional support, Positive Emotion-Focused, were, employee perception was acquired by a systematic survey.A total sample of 800 employees’perceptions have been collected through simple random technique and out of which survey respondents, irregular responses are eliminated finally 756 samples are determined for statistical analysis. Chi-square test was performed to determine the association between perceptions and model constructs. Results are reported and discussions are made as per the results and in correlation between results of previous literature.Finally, suggestions and future indication for extension of the study are proposed.

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