Spatial accessibility to kindergartens using a spectrum combinational approach: Case study of Shanghai using cellphone data

2020 ◽  
pp. 239980832095422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zifeng Chen ◽  
Xingang Zhou ◽  
Anthony GO Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Home School ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
School Work ◽  
Home Work ◽  
Realistic Assessment ◽  
Transport Safety ◽  
Type Of School

Spatial accessibility to kindergartens is a critical issue related to the transport safety of children. Young children should be escorted to kindergartens by adults, and trips to kindergartens are occasionally dependent on parents’ home–work trips because parents may escort their children to kindergartens en route to work. Many types of school trip can be categorized into two main types: “Home–School” and “Home–School–Work” trips. However, existing studies have tended to focus on only one type of school trip and have disregarded the other type in the assessment of accessibility. The present study examines accessibility to kindergartens by considering both types of school trips. The basic two-step floating catchment area method is used to measure the accessibility of “Home–School” trips and the commuter-based two-step floating catchment area is used for “Home–School–Work” trips. This study proposes a spectrum combinational approach, which combines both types of trips according to their actual percentages, to provide a realistic assessment of accessibility to kindergartens. An empirical study is conducted in Shanghai by combining cellphone big data and traditional data from a census. Results indicate that, compared with the spectrum combinational approach, the inequality of accessibility would be underestimated if we only focus on “Home–School” trips in the measurement of accessibility, but overestimated if we only focus on “Home–School–Work” trips. The proposed spectrum combinational approach, by modifying the trip assumptions on which accessibility evaluation is based, constitutes a novel and more realistic accessibility measurement of spatial accessibility to kindergartens.

scholarly journals Evaluating Spatial Accessibility to General Hospitals with Navigation and Social Media Location Data: A Case Study in Nanjing

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianlu Qian ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Ang Li ◽  
Jiechen Wang ◽  
Dingtao Shen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Important Indicator

Spatial accessibility to general hospitals is an important indicator of the convenience and ability of residents to obtain medical services. Therefore, developing a model for measuring accessibility to general hospitals by multiple transportation modes is necessary. In this study, considering that the increase in travel time will reduce the attractiveness of general hospitals, we used the Two-Step Floating Catchment Area with the Gaussian attenuation function, in which the supply was presented by capacity of hospitals (i.e., number of beds), and the demand was presented by population in each grid derived with social media data mapping real-time locations of active users. The Gaussian Two-Step Floating Catchment Area (Ga2SFCA) simulates the attenuation tendency of the general hospital service capabilities over transit time. To obtain a highly precise understanding of accessibility to hospitals, transit time on Baidu Maps’ navigation service was used as the impedance condition, and the study area was divided into 1 square kilometer grids as the basic unit of research. Taking Nanjing city as a case study, it is found that the accessibility distribution shape changes from a multi-centered circular pattern to a multi-peak distribution, as the time threshold increases. By comparing the accessibility among 11 districts varying from main urban area to suburbs, the accessibility to general hospitals in Nanjing is significantly regionally unbalanced in both travel modes. By calculating and mapping the Modal Accessibility Gap (MAG) of the two travel modes, different modes of transportation resulted in different general hospital accessibility distributions. Generally, private car is superior in access to general hospitals to public transit in most areas. In the central area, public traffic may not contribute to the access to medical services as much as we thought, rather it plays a role in areas far from hospitals along metro lines and bus routes.

scholarly journals Hierarchical two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method: measuring the spatial accessibility to hierarchical healthcare facilities in Shenzhen, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuolin Tao ◽  
Yang Cheng ◽  
Jixiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Spatial Disparity ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Spatial Equity ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Background Spatial accessibility to healthcare facilities has drawn much attention in health geography. In China, central and local governments have aimed to develop a well-organized hierarchical system of healthcare facilities in recent years. However, few studies have focused on the measurement of healthcare accessibility in a hierarchical service delivery system, which is crucial for the assessment and implementation of such strategies. Methods Based on recent improvements in 2SFCA (two-step floating catchment area) method, this study aims to propose a Hierarchical 2SFCA (H2SFCA) method for measuring spatial accessibility to hierarchical facilities. The method considers the varied catchment area sizes, distance decay effects, and transport modes for facilities at various levels. Moreover, both the relative and absolute distance effects are incorporated into the accessibility measurement. Results The method is applied and tested in a case study of hierarchical healthcare facilities in Shenzhen, China. The results reveal that the general spatial accessibility to hierarchical healthcare facilities in Shenzhen is unevenly distributed and concentrated. The disparity of general accessibility is largely caused by the concentrated distribution of tertiary hospitals. For facilities at higher levels, average accessibility of demanders is higher, but there are also larger disparities in spatial accessibility. The comparison between H2SFCA and traditional methods reveals that traditional methods underestimate the spatial disparity of accessibility, which may lead to biased suggestions for policy making. Conclusions The results suggest that the supply of healthcare resources at primary facilities is far from sufficient. To improve the spatial equity in spatial accessibility to hierarchical healthcare facilities, various actions are needed at different levels. The proposed H2SFCA method contributes to the modelling of spatial accessibility to hierarchical healthcare facilities in China and similar environments where the referral system has not been well designed. It can also act as the foundation for developing more comprehensive measures in future studies.

scholarly journals Measuring Spatial Accessibility to Pick-Up Service Considering Differentiated Supply and Demand: A Case in Hangzhou, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyun Lin ◽  
Haoying Han ◽  
Wanglin Yan ◽  
Shun Nakayama ◽  
Xianfan Shu
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Maintenance Management ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Service Availability ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Property Management ◽  
Great Pressure

In recent years, customer pick-up at collection and delivery points has become a popular alternative to traditional home delivery, which is under great pressure. However, current service of pick-up facilities has seldom been geographically evaluated despite its general uneven distribution and diverse needs. In this paper, in order to interpret the differentiation in customers’ service demands toward reception alternatives and in facilities’ service excludability in different built environments, a two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method is improved to measure customers’ spatial accessibility to pick-up facilities, providing a methodology to evaluate the match relation between the differentiated supply and demand of pick-up service. A case study of widespread automated parcel stations (APSs) is conducted in Hangzhou, China and correlative factors to residents’ accessibility are discussed. From the results, residents’ accessibility to pick-up service shows significant spatial unevenness and social inequity in the study area, which is found to correlate most to residences’ maintenance management. As well-managed, gated communities generally hold effective access to exclusive services, most open communities and self-built, single houses are in need of improvement due to inadequate service stemming from a high aging rate, lack of property management, and low service availability of nonexclusive facilities in open areas.

scholarly journals Reservoir Sediment Management Using Artificial Neural Networks: A Case Study of the Lower Section of the Alpine Saalach River

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 818
Author(s):  
Markus Reisenbüchler ◽  
Minh Duc Bui ◽  
Peter Rutschmann
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Lower Section ◽  
Reservoir Sediment ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

Reservoir sedimentation is a critical issue worldwide, resulting in reduced storage volumes and, thus, reservoir efficiency. Moreover, sedimentation can also increase the flood risk at related facilities. In some cases, drawdown flushing of the reservoir is an appropriate management tool. However, there are various options as to how and when to perform such flushing, which should be optimized in order to maximize its efficiency and effectiveness. This paper proposes an innovative concept, based on an artificial neural network (ANN), to predict the volume of sediment flushed from the reservoir given distinct input parameters. The results obtained from a real-world study area indicate that there is a close correlation between the inputs—including peak discharge and duration of flushing—and the output (i.e., the volume of sediment). The developed ANN can readily be applied at the real-world study site, as a decision-support system for hydropower operators.

scholarly journals Parking Places to Moped-Style Scooter Sharing Services Using GIS Location-Allocation Models and GPS Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Onel Pérez-Fernández ◽  
Juan Carlos García-Palomares
Keyword(s):  
Global Positioning System ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Location Allocation ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
The City

Moped-style scooters are one of the most popular systems of micro-mobility. They are undoubtedly good for the city, as they promote forms of environmentally-friendly mobility, in which flexibility helps prevent traffic build-up in the urban centers where they operate. However, their increasing numbers are also generating conflicts as a result of the bad behavior of users, their unwarranted use in public spaces, and above all their parking. This paper proposes a methodology for finding parking spaces for shared motorcycle services using Geographic information system (GIS) location-allocation models and Global Positioning System (GPS) data. We used the center of Madrid and data from the company Muving (one of the city’s main operators) for our case study. As well as finding the location of parking spaces for motorbikes, our analysis examines how the varying distribution of demand over the course of the day affects the demand allocated to parking spaces. The results demonstrate how reserving a relatively small number of parking spaces for scooters makes it possible to capture over 70% of journeys in the catchment area. The daily variations in the distribution of demand slightly reduce the efficiency of the network of parking spaces in the morning and increase it at night, when demand is strongly focused on the most central areas.

Combining AHP with GIS for landfill site selection: A case study in the Lake Beyşehir catchment area (Konya, Turkey)

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 2037-2046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şehnaz Şener ◽  
Erhan Şener ◽  
Bilgehan Nas ◽  
Remzi Karagüzel
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Landfill Site ◽  
Landfill Site Selection ◽  
Lake Beysehir

MEASURING SPATIAL HEALTHCARE FACILITIES ACCESSIBILITY USING TWO-STEP FLOATING CATCHMENT ANALYSIS (2SFCA) (Case Study: Cianjur Regency, Indonesia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Muhamad Iqbal Januadi Putra ◽  
Nabila Dety Novia Utami
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Spatial Disparities ◽  
Time Threshold

The presence of healthcare facilities is quite essential to provide good healthcare services in a particular area, however, the existence of healthcare facilities is not evenly distributed in Cianjur Regency. This condition leads to the disparities of healthcare facilities across the Cianjur Regency. In this paper, we aim to measure and map the spatial disparities of healthcare facilities using a Two-Step Floating Catchment Analysis (2SFCA). This method can calculate the magnitude of spatial accessibility for healthcare facilities by formulating the travel time threshold and the quality of healthcare facilities across the study area. This research shows the result that the spatial accessibility of healthcare facilities in the Cianjur Regency is not evenly distributed across the districts. The spatial accessibility value resulted from 2SFCA is ranging from 0- 3.97. A low value indicates low spatial accessibility, while a higher value shows good accessibility. The majority of districts in the Cianjur Regency have the spatial accessibility value 0-0.5 (86%). Meanwhile, only a few have the higher value; value 0.5-0.99 as much as 6.6%, 0.99-1.49 as 3.3%, and 3.48-3.97 has a percentage of 3.3%. Also, this analysis results in the cluster of good spatial accessibility in healthcare facilities, namely the Pagelaran District and Cipanas District. Interestingly, the downtown of Cianjur Regency has lower spatial accessibility compared to both areas.

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