scholarly journals Psychiatric and Interpersonal Correlates of Suicide Ideation in Military Sexual Trauma Survivors: The National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 247054701881590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey L. Monteith ◽  
Noelle B. Smith ◽  
Ryan Holliday ◽  
Robert H. Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Sexual Trauma ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Military Sexual Trauma ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol

Background Veterans who experience military sexual trauma are at increased risk for experiencing suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide. Yet few studies have attempted to discern factors that relate to suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among survivors of military sexual trauma. The present study aimed to identify psychiatric and interpersonal correlates of suicidal ideation (primary aim) and suicide attempt (secondary aim) among survivors of military sexual trauma. Methods This cross-sectional analysis included 115 veterans (56 females; mean age = 53.24) who participated in the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study and reported experiencing military sexual trauma. Self-report measures assessed psychological distress, hazardous alcohol use, social support, loneliness, social acknowledgment following one’s worst trauma, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Results Military sexual trauma survivors who reported more severe psychological distress (OR = 2.88), hazardous alcohol use (OR = 1.14), and perceived general disapproval from others (OR = 1.14) were significantly more likely to report experiencing suicidal ideation in the past two weeks. Hazardous alcohol use (OR = 1.19) and perceived general disapproval from others (OR = 1.36) were associated with being more likely to report attempting suicide in adulthood. Conclusions Addressing alcohol misuse, psychological distress, and perceived general disapproval from others in relation to one’s worst traumatic event is recommended when assessing and managing suicide risk among veterans who have experienced military sexual trauma. Findings also contribute to a growing literature highlighting the importance of understanding perceptions of the interpersonal response to trauma. Considering the cross-sectional design, longitudinal research is needed to further elucidate the roles of these constructs in predicting suicidal ideation and suicide attempt following military sexual trauma.

The Role of Psychological Distress in the Relationship between Drinking Motives and Hazardous Drinking in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Yannic van Gils ◽  
Erik Franck ◽  
Eva Dierckx ◽  
Sebastiaan P.J. van Alphen ◽  
Geert Dom
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Hazardous Drinking ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Drinking Behaviour ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Drinking motives seem to be the most proximal predictors of alcohol outcomes. Consequently, these are an essential factor to consider as they may influence the extent to which alcohol is used in a risky way, even in older adults. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We studied the moderating effect of distress on the relationship between drinking motives and drinking behaviour in a community-dwelling older adult sample. <b><i>Method:</i></b> In a retrospective cross-sectional research study, participants were community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older. All respondents completed a questionnaire covering the Drinking Motives Questionnaire (DMQ), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and the General Severity Index (GSI) of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In this sample of 1,148 older adults, drinking motives and hazardous alcohol use were associated (enhancement motives <i>r</i> = 0.478, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001; coping motives <i>r</i> = 0.367, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001; and social motives <i>r</i> = 0.235, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Furthermore, moderation analysis showed that older adults drinking predominantly for enhancement or coping motives (respectively, β = 0.433, CI [95%] = 2.557–3.222 and β = 0.327, CI [95%] = 1.077–1.491, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001), and older adults who had higher levels of psychological distress (β = 2.518, CI [95%] = 2.017–3.019, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001) were more likely to report higher degree of hazardous alcohol use. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The relations between coping drinking motives and enhancement drinking motives on hazardous drinking depended on the level of distress. The associations between drinking for coping and drinking for enhancement were stronger in high levels of distress. Although causality cannot be interpreted from cross-sectional data, tackling psychological distress and drinking to cope with negative affect or to enhance positive affect might have strong effects on reducing hazardous drinking behaviour among older adults.

scholarly journals Sexual orientation identity and tobacco and hazardous alcohol use: findings from a cross-sectional English population survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e015058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lion Shahab ◽  
Jamie Brown ◽  
Gareth Hagger-Johnson ◽  
Susan Michie ◽  
Joanna Semlyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Omnibus Test ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexual Minority Men ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol ◽  
And Bisexual

ObjectivesTo assess the association between tobacco and hazardous alcohol use and sexual orientation and whether such an association could be explained by other sociodemographic characteristics.DesignCross-sectional household survey conducted in 2014–2016.SettingEngland, UK.ParticipantsRepresentative English population sample (pooled n=43 866).Main outcomesSexual orientation identity (lesbian/gay, bisexual, heterosexual, prefer-not-to-say); current tobacco and hazardous alcohol use (defined as Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Score ≥8). All outcomes were self-reported.ResultsDue to interactions between sexual orientation and gender for substance use, analyses were stratified by gender. Tobacco use prevalence was significantly higher among lesbian/gay (women: 24.9%, 95% CI 19.2% to 32.6%; men: 25.9%, 95% CI 21.3% to 31.0%) and bisexual participants (women: 32.4%, 95% CI 25.9% to 39.6%; men: 30.7%, 95% CI 23.7% to 30.7%) and significantly lower for prefer-not-to-say participants in women (15.5%, 95% CI 13.5% to 17.8%) but not men (22.7%, 95% CI 20.3% to 25.3%) compared with heterosexual participants (women: 17.5%, 95% CI 17.0% to 18.0%; men: 20.4%, 95% CI 19.9% to 21.0%; p<0.001 for omnibus test). Similarly, hazardous alcohol use was significantly more prevalent for lesbian/gay (women: 19.0%, 95% CI 14.0% to 25.3%; men: 30.0%, 25.2%–35.3%) and bisexual participants (women: 24.4%, 95% CI 18.7% to 31.3%; men: 24.3%, 95% CI 17.9% to 32.1%) and lower for prefer-not-to-say participants (women: 4.1%, 95% CI 3.0% to 5.4%; men: 13.7%; 95% CI 11.8% to 16.0%) compared with heterosexuals (women: 8.3%, 95% CI 7.9% to 8.7%; men: 18.4%, 95% CI 17.9% to 18.9%; p<0.001 for omnibus test). However, after adjusting for sociodemographic confounders, tobacco use was similar across all sexual orientation groups among both women and men. By contrast, sexual orientation differences in hazardous alcohol use remained even after adjustment among women but not for bisexual and gay men.ConclusionsIn England, higher rates of tobacco use among sexual minority men and women appear to be attributable to other sociodemographic factors. Higher rates of hazardous alcohol use among sexual minority men may also be attributable to these factors, whereas this is not the case for sexual minority women.

Correlates of Suicidal Ideation and/or Behavior in Bariatric-Surgery-Seeking Individuals With Severe Obesity

Crisis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Y. Chen ◽  
K. C. Fettich ◽  
M. S. McCloskey
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Severe Obesity ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Severely Obese ◽  
And Control

Background: Approximately 10% of severely obese bariatric-surgery-seeking individuals report a lifetime history of suicide attempts, a higher rate than in the general community. Being overweight is associated with weight-related stigma, making an individual more vulnerable to social isolation, a potential risk factor for suicidal ideation and/or behavior. Aims: In this cross-sectional study of surgery-seeking adults with severe obesity, we examined whether weight-related stigma increases (1) the likelihood of suicidal ideation and/or behavior or (2) the degree of loneliness; and whether hypotheses (1) and (2) are supported (3) if loneliness mediates the effect of weight-related stigma on suicidal ideation and/or behavior. Methods: Online questionnaires were administered to 301 women and 95 men seeking bariatric surgery. Results: Approximately 30.3% reported having at least a passing thought of suicide, and 5.55% a suicide attempt during their lifetime. The suicide attempt rate appears lower than other bariatric surgery samples, but possibly higher than community and other surgery sample rates. For severely obese surgery-seeking women, weight-related stigma was associated with suicidal ideation and/or behavior, though this was not mediated by loneliness. Conclusions: Future studies are needed to model and compare suicidal ideation and/or behavior in bariatric-surgery-seeking individuals and control groups.

scholarly journals Patterns of non-medical use of methylphenidate among 5th and 6th year students in a medical school in southern Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo da Rosa Silveira ◽  
Betina Lejderman ◽  
Pedro Eugênio Mazzucchi Santana Ferreira ◽  
Gibsi Maria Possapp da Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Indication ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol ◽  
Audit Score

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of methylphenidate (MPH) use among 5th and 6th year medical students, to discriminate MPH use with and without medical indication, and to correlate MPH use with alcohol intake. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which medical students were invited to answer a questionnaire to evaluate academic and socioeconomic status, MPH use patterns, and attitudes towards neuroenhancing drugs. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used to assess alcohol intake; a score ≥ 8 suggests potentially hazardous alcohol use. Results: Fifty-two participants (34.2%) had already used MPH, of which 35 (23.02%) had used it without medical indication. The number of 6th year students who had used MPH was more than twice higher than that of their 5th year counterparts (32.89 vs. 13.15%, respectively; p = 0.004). Also, 43.6% (p = 0.031) of the users of MPH had an AUDIT score ≥ 8; 33.3% (p = 0.029) of non-medical users of MPH had an AUDIT score ≥ 8. Conclusions: In this study, the use of MPH without medical indication was prevalent. Our findings also confirmed the association between non-medical use of MPH and potentially hazardous alcohol use.

scholarly journals Subjective executive function deficits in hazardous alcohol drinkers

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112110326
Author(s):  
Anna Powell ◽  
Harry Sumnall ◽  
Cecil Kullu ◽  
Lynn Owens ◽  
Catharine Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Recovery Of Function ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Alcohol Related Problems

Background: Dependent alcohol drinkers exhibit differences in the structure and function of the brain, and impairments in cognitive function, including executive functions (EFs). Less is known about the impact of non-dependent but hazardous use (that which raises the risk of harm), and it is also unclear to what extent executive impairments in this cohort affect real-world function. The current study examines the relationship between alcohol use, EF and alcohol-related problems, in the general population. Methods: A between-groups cross-sectional design assessed EF across two levels of drinking; hazardous (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score of ⩾8) and non-hazardous. Alcohol drinkers ( n = 666; 136 male; 524 female; six not disclosed; aged 28.02 ± 10.40 years) completed validated questionnaires online assessing subjective EF, alcohol use and alcohol-related problems. Results: Organisation, Strategic Planning, Impulse Control and overall function were significantly impaired in hazardous drinkers. Furthermore, the effect of alcohol on EF, partially mediated the relationship between alcohol use and alcohol-related problems. Conclusion: Hazardous drinking was associated with lower subjective EF, and this mediated the effect of alcohol on alcohol-related problems. This may be due to changes in prefrontal brain regions, which could indicate greater risk for the development of alcohol dependence (AD). Future research should use additional means to assess EF in hazardous drinkers, including recovery of function, development of AD and the relationship between cognition and alcohol-related daily problems.

Identifying factors associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts following military sexual trauma

2019 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 300-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey L. Monteith ◽  
Ryan Holliday ◽  
Alexandra L. Schneider ◽  
Jeri E. Forster ◽  
Nazanin H. Bahraini
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Sexual Trauma ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Military Sexual Trauma ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Hazardous alcohol use and associated factors in a rural Ethiopian district: a cross-sectional community survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Teferra ◽  
Girmay Medhin ◽  
Medhin Selamu ◽  
Arvin Bhana ◽  
Charlotte Hanlon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Community Survey ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol

scholarly journals Terrorism catastrophising and hazardous alcohol use among students of a tertiary institution in Jos, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1790
Author(s):  
Kingsley M. Okonoda ◽  
James T. Obindo ◽  
Peter O. Onifade ◽  
Duwap M. Makput ◽  
Bawo O. James
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Tertiary Institution ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol

Background: Being a maladaptive means of coping with stress, alcohol abuse may be associated with level of terrorism in a community. Jos has had a number of terrorists’ attacks which have had devastating effects on the city and its environs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of terrorism catastrophizing, hazardous alcohol use as well as the relationship between terrorism catastrophizing and hazardous alcohol use among students of the Plateau State Polytechnic, Jos Campus.Methods: A cross sectional study of 230 students in the departments of accountancy, business administration and management who completed self-administered questionnaires during one of their classes following a random cluster sampling of departments.Results: The TCS showed that 43.5% of the participants had terrorism catastrophizing. Pearson correlation showed a high significant positive correlation (p<0.05) across the three dimensions of terrorism catastrophizing: rumination, r=0.807; magnification, r=0.726; and helplessness, r=0.754. However, no significant correlation exists between terrorism catastrophising (rumination, magnification and helplessness), alcohol use disorder, r = -0.016, p = 0.817 (AUDITc), and problem drinking behavior, r= -0.157, p=0.06.Conclusions: There was no positive correlation between terrorism catastrophizing and hazardous alcohol drinking.

scholarly journals Uncovering the compounding effects of COVID-19 and racism on mental health disparities among biomedical PhD and MD students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Schad ◽  
Rebekah L. Layton ◽  
Debra Ragland ◽  
Jeanette Gowen Cook
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Underrepresented Minority ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Annual Survey ◽  
Support Resources ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol ◽  
Mental Health Support

The increasing visibility of mental health challenges for academic and graduate trainee populations has led to discussion of the role higher education institutions should play to address trainee mental health, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing racial injustice. To address the growing concern about training impacts on medical and biomedical doctoral trainee mental health, a cross-sectional study (n=957) was conducted using institutional annual survey data analyzed by type of training program, race/ethnicity, and survey year on measures of depression, anxiety, hazardous alcohol use, problems related to substance use, and suicidal ideation. Results indicated significant differences for rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation, with biomedical doctoral trainees showing greater incidence than medical doctoral trainees, and underrepresented minority trainees showing greater incidence than well-represented trainees. The concerningly high rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among these trainee populations suggest that medical and biomedical doctoral training environments must be transformed in addition to expanding mental health support resources.

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