scholarly journals Double immunocytochemical staining for in vivo detection of epitope specificity and isotype of antibody-forming cells against synthetic peptides homologous to human immunodeficiency virus-1.

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
J D Laman ◽  
K Gerritse ◽  
M Fasbender ◽  
W J Boersma ◽  
N van Rooijen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Immune Complexes ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Synthetic Peptides ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Epitope Specificity ◽  
Hiv 1

Many infections evoke a strong humoral immune response. Some (e.g., HIV-1, EBV, CMV) also lead to disorders of the B-cell system. Data concerning cell dysfunction are largely derived from in vitro studies, which necessarily exclude all microenvironmental influences. The aim of this study was to develop a tool for the investigation of epitope specific humoral immune responses in vivo. Mice were immunized with one of two synthetic peptides, both 21 amino acids long and homologous to regions of the HIV-1 gp160. Cryostat sections of spleen and lymph nodes were incubated with the corresponding peptide coupled to alkaline phosphatase and simultaneously incubated with peroxidase-conjugated rabbit antisera specific for mouse immunoglobulin isotypes. We were able to show simultaneous detection of epitope specificity, isotype, and localization of antibody-forming cells and immune complexes in tissue sections. It should prove useful for in vivo investigation of the development of specific (e.g., anti-HIV-1) humoral immune response, the determination of B-cell specificity in lymph node infiltrates, and the role of immune complexes in lymph node pathology.

scholarly journals Antigen-Specific B-Cell Responses to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 358-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasad Mulupuri ◽  
Jeffrey J. Zimmerman ◽  
Joseph Hermann ◽  
Craig R. Johnson ◽  
Jean Paul Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Viral Proteins ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
B Cell Responses ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACT Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes an acute, viremic infection of 4 to 6 weeks, followed by a persistent infection lasting for several months. We characterized antibody and B-cell responses to viral proteins in acute and persistent infection to better understand the immunological basis of the prolonged infection. The humoral immune response to PRRSV was robust overall and varied among individual viral proteins, with the important exception of a delayed and relatively weak response to envelope glycoprotein 5 (GP5). Memory B cells were in secondary lymphoid organs, not in bone marrow or Peyer's patches, in contrast to the case for many mammalian species. Potent anti-PRRSV memory responses were elicited to recall antigen in vitro, even though a second infection did not increase the B-cell response in vivo, suggesting that productive reinfection does not occur in vivo. Antibody titers to several viral proteins decline over time, even though abundant antigen is known to be present in lymphoid tissues, possibly indicating ineffective antigen presentation. The appearance of antibodies to GP5 is delayed relative to the resolution of viremia, suggesting that anti-GP5 antibodies are not crucial for resolving viremia. Lastly, viral infection had no immunosuppressive effect on the humoral response to a second, unrelated antigen. Taking these data together, the active effector and memory B-cell responses to PRRSV are robust, and over time the humoral immune response to PRRSV is effective. However, the delayed response against GP5 early in infection may contribute to the prolonged acute infection and the establishment of persistence.

scholarly journals Plasmodium vivax Cell-Traversal Protein for Ookinetes and Sporozoites: Naturally Acquired Humoral Immune Response and B-Cell Epitope Mapping in Brazilian Amazon Inhabitants

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Nunes Rodrigues-da-Silva ◽  
Isabela Ferreira Soares ◽  
Cesar Lopez-Camacho ◽  
João Hermínio Martins da Silva ◽  
Daiana de Souza Perce-da-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Epitope Mapping ◽  
Cell Epitope ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
B Cell Epitope

Characterization of the HIV-1 Specific Humoral Immune Response During Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART)

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Kate Morris ◽  
David A. Katzenstein ◽  
Dennis Israelski ◽  
Andrew Zolopa ◽  
R. Michael Hendry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Babesia bovis RON2 contains conserved B-cell epitopes that induce an invasion-blocking humoral immune response in immunized cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Hidalgo-Ruiz ◽  
Carlos E. Suarez ◽  
Miguel A. Mercado-Uriostegui ◽  
Ruben Hernandez-Ortiz ◽  
Juan Alberto Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
B Cell Epitopes ◽  
Humoral Immune

scholarly journals HIV-1 Tat Raises an Adjuvant-free Humoral Immune Response Controlled by Its Core Region and Its Ability to Form Cysteine-mediated Oligomers

2005 ◽  
Vol 281 (6) ◽  
pp. 3105-3115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongrak Kittiworakarn ◽  
Alain Lecoq ◽  
Gervaise Moine ◽  
Robert Thai ◽  
Evelyne Lajeunesse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Core Region ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals X4 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gp120 Down-Modulates Expression and Immunogenicity of Codelivered Antigens

2009 ◽  
Vol 83 (21) ◽  
pp. 10941-10950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avi-Hai Hovav ◽  
Michael Santosuosso ◽  
Maytal Bivas-Benita ◽  
Andre Plair ◽  
Alex Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antigen Presentation ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
V3 Loop ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Aids Vaccines ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT In order to increase the immune breadth of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccines, strategies such as immunization with several HIV antigens or centralized immunogens have been examined. HIV-1 gp120 protein is a major immunogen of HIV and has been routinely considered for inclusion in both present and future AIDS vaccines. However, recent studies proposed that gp120 interferes with the generation of immune response to codelivered antigens. Here, we investigate whether coimmunization with plasmid-encoded gp120 alters the immune response to other coadministered plasmid encoded antigens such as luciferase or ovalbumin in a mouse model. We found that the presence of gp120 leads to a significant reduction in the expression level of the codelivered antigen in vivo. Antigen presentation by antigen-presenting cells was also reduced and resulted in the induction of weak antigen-specific cellular and humoral immune responses. Importantly, gp120-mediated immune interference was observed after administration of the plasmids at the same or at distinct locations. To characterize the region in gp120 mediating these effects, we used plasmid constructs encoding gp120 that lacks the V1V2 loops (ΔV1V2) or the V3 loop (ΔV3). After immunization, the ΔV1V2, but not the ΔV3 construct, was able to reduce antigen expression, antigen presentation, and subsequently the immunogenicity of the codelivered antigen. The V3 loop dependence of this phenomenon seems to be limited to V3 loops known to interact with the CXCR4 molecule but not with CCR5. Our study presents a novel mechanism by which HIV-1 gp120 interferes with the immune response against coadministered antigen in a polyvalent vaccine preparation.

scholarly journals EXOSOMES DISPLAYING HIGH EXPRESSION OF CD24 AND HSP90 INDUCED CELLULAR AND HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE IN VIVO

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mongini Claudia ◽  
Hershlik Leticia ◽  
Di Sciullo Paula ◽  
Menay Florencia ◽  
Gravisaco Mar�a ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
High Expression ◽  
Humoral Immune
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