An improved immunocytochemical staining method for large semi-thin plastic epon sections: application to GABA in rat cerebral cortex.

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1259-1265 ◽  
Author(s):  
H J Romijn ◽  
A W Janszen ◽  
C W Pool ◽  
R M Buijs
Keyword(s):  
Staining Method ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Proteinase K ◽  
Immunocytochemical Staining ◽  
Staining Procedure ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Crucial Step ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Thin Plastic ◽  
Rat Brain Tissue

We describe here a procedure that significantly enhances the intensity and method-specificity of immunocytochemical staining in large mounted semi-thin plastic Epon sections. The procedure was developed for the detection of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in rat brain tissue fixed with glutaraldehyde, but it may also be helpful in unmasking other antigens under different conditions. In addition to some practical suggestions for improving the reproducibility of the staining procedure, we demonstrate that the crucial step in the procedure is pre-treatment of the deplasticized sections with proteinase-K before exposure to the first antibody. This leads to a high morphological resolution and an excellent immunocytochemical signal.

scholarly journals A Simple Densitometric Method for the Quantification of Inhibitory Neurotransmitter Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Rat Brain Tissue

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chidambaram Saravana Babu ◽  
Krishnamoorthy Selvarajan Kesavanarayanan ◽  
Periyathambi Kalaivani ◽  
Vijayan Ranju ◽  
Muthiah Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Rat Brain ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Inhibitory Neurotransmitter ◽  
Recovery Study ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Hptlc Method ◽  
Rat Brain Tissue

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system which is involved in various physiological and pathological processes. The present study demonstrates a simple high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method which was developed for the estimation of GABA in rat brain tissue. The method was validated in terms of precision, recovery, reproducibility, and variability. Instrumental precision was found to be 0.5891% CV and reproducibility of the method was found to be 0.4141% CV. Interday and intraday precision of the method was found to be 0.9453% and 1.3236% CV, respectively. Accuracy of the method was checked by the recovery study, and the average recovery of GABA was found to be 97.98% at 40 ng and 96.15% at 80 ng levels. The present HPTLC method for GABA estimation was found to be simple, precise, reproducible, sensitive, and accurate. No doubt, this proposed method will be a useful tool for the estimation of GABA in rat brain tissue.

Purification of Antihemophilic Factor (Factor VIII) by Amino Acid Precipitation*

1964 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 064-074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H Wagner ◽  
William D McLester ◽  
Marion Smith ◽  
K. M Brinkhous
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Acid Precipitation ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Specific Procedure ◽  
Beta Alanine ◽  
Antihemophilic Factor

Summary1. The use of several amino acids, glycine, alpha-aminobutyric acid, alanine, beta-alanine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid, as plasma protein precipitants is described.2. A specific procedure is detailed for the preparation of canine antihemophilic factor (AHF, Factor VIII) in which glycine, beta-alanine, and gammaaminobutyric acid serve as the protein precipitants.3. Preliminary results are reported for the precipitation of bovine and human AHF with amino acids.

A Simple Method for Preparing Fibrinogen

1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Straughn ◽  
R. H Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Barium Sulfate ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Marked Stability

SummaryA simple new procedure is reported for the isolation of canine, bovine, porcine, and human fibrinogen. Two molar β-alanine is used to precipitate fibrinogen from barium sulfate adsorbed plasma. The procedure is characterized by dependability and high yields. The material is 95% to 98% clottable protein but still contains impurities such as plasminogen and fibrin-stabilizing factor. Plasminogen may be removed by adsorption with charcoal. The fibrinogen preparations exhibit marked stability to freezing, lyophilization, and dialysis. Epsilon-amino-n-caproic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid which were also studied have the property of precipitating proteins from plasma but lack the specificity for fibrinogen found with β-alanine.

Understanding Schizophrenia: Genetic Causes and Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-12
Author(s):  
Fatima Javeria ◽  
Shazma Altaf ◽  
Alishah Zair ◽  
Rana Khalid Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Mental Disease ◽  
Copy Number Variants ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Epigenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Severe Mental Disease

Schizophrenia is a severe mental disease. The word schizophrenia literally means split mind. There are three major categories of symptoms which include positive, negative and cognitive symptoms. The disease is characterized by symptoms of hallucination, delusions, disorganized thinking and speech. Schizophrenia is related to many other mental and psychological problems like suicide, depression, hallucinations. Including these, it is also a problem for the patient’s family and the caregiver. There is no clear reason for the disease, but with the advances in molecular genetics; certain epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the pathophysiology of the disease. Epigenetic mechanisms that are mainly involved are the DNA methylation, copy number variants. With the advent of GWAS, a wide range of SNPs is found linked with the etiology of schizophrenia. These SNPs serve as ‘hubs’; because these all are integrating with each other in causing of schizophrenia risk. Until recently, there is no treatment available to cure the disease; but anti-psychotics can reduce the disease risk by minimizing its symptoms. Dopamine, serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid, are the neurotransmitters which serve as drug targets in the treatment of schizophrenia. Due to the involvement of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, drugs available are already targeting certain genes involved in the etiology of the disease.

High concentration of gamma-aminobutyric acid in pancreatic beta cells

Diabetes ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 629-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Taniguchi ◽  
Y. Okada ◽  
H. Seguchi ◽  
C. Shimada ◽  
M. Seki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
High Concentration
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