Chenite, Pb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6, a new mineral, from Leadhills, Scotland

1986 ◽  
Vol 50 (355) ◽  
pp. 129-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Paar ◽  
Kurt Mereiter ◽  
R. S. W. Braithwaite ◽  
Paul Keller ◽  
P. J. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Secondary Mineral ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractChenite, a new lead-copper secondary mineral, has been found on specimens from the Leadhills area, Scotland. It is associated with caledonite, linarite, leadhillite, susannite, and other species, on oxidized galena with chalcopyrite. Electron microprobe analysis yielded PbO 74.5, CuO 7.8, SO3 13.3, H2O 4.4 (by difference), sum = 100 wt. %. The empirical formula (based on 14 oxygens) is Pb3.98Cu1.17S1.98O14H5.82; the ideal formula is Pb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6, which requires PbO 75.2, CuO 6.7, SO3 13.5, H2O 4.6, sum = 100 wt. %.Infra-red spectroscopy showed the presence of only and OH− ions, with no H2O.Chenite is triclinic, P1 or P̄, with a = 5.791(1), b = 7.940(1), c = 7.976(1) Å, α = 112.02(1), β = 97.73(1), γ = 100.45(1)°, V = 326.0 Å3, Z = 1. The strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern (d, I/Io, hkl) are: 5.55, 7, 100; 4.32, 6, 11; 3.60, 10 002; 3.41, 9, 10; 3.30, 5, 02; 3.00, 5, 111; 2.80, 7, 12; 2.07, 6, 211/21/13; 1.778, 5, 3/23.Chenite forms minute, singly terminated, transparent to translucent sky-blue crystals from 0.1 to over 1 mm long, elongated approximately [032]. Twenty different forms (pinacoids) have been identified on the four crystals studied. A good cleavage on {100}, and traces of a second on {001}, can be observed. Optically, chenite is biaxial negative, 2 V(measured) = 67±1°, 2 V(calc.) = 68° (Na). The refractive indices are α 1.871±0.005, β 1.909±0.005, γ 1.927±0.005 (Na). Dispersion is strong, r≫v. The mineral is weakly pleochroic. H (Mohs) ∼ 2½. D = 5.98, and calculated Dx = 6.044 g cm−3.

Coiraite, (Pb,Sn2+)12.5As3Fe2+Sn4+5 S28: a franckeite-type new mineral species from Jujuy Province, NW Argentina

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1083-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Paar ◽  
Y. Moëlo ◽  
N. N. Mozgova ◽  
N. I. Organova ◽  
C. J. Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Mineral Species ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Hydrothermal Solutions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Mineral Species ◽  
Primary Mineral ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractCoiraite, ideally (Pb,Sn2+)12.5As3Fe2+Sn4+S28, occurs as an economically important tin ore in the large Ag-Sn-Zn polymetallic Pirquitas deposit, Jujuy Province, NW-Argentina. The new mineral species is the As derivative of franckeite and belongs to the cylindrite group of complex Pb sulphosalts with incommensurate composite-layered structures. It is a primary mineral, frequently found in colloform textures, and formed from hydrothermal solutions at low temperature. Associated minerals are franckeite, cylindrite, pyrite-marcasite, as well as minor amounts of hocartite, Ag-rich rhodostannite. arsenopyrite and galena. Laminae of coiraite consist of extremely thin bent platy crystals up to 50 urn long. Electron microprobe analysis (n = 31) gave an empirical formula Pb11.21As2.99Ag0.13Fe1.10Sn6.13S28.0 close to the ideal formula (Pb11.3Sn2+1.2)Σ=12.5As3Fe2+Sn4+S28. Coiraite has two monoclinic sub-cells, Q (pseudotetragonal) and H (pseudohexagonal). Q: a 5.84(1) Å, b 5.86(1) Å, c 17.32(1) Å, β 94.14(1)°, F 590.05(3) Å3, Z = 4, a:b:c = 0.997:1:2.955; H (orthogonal setting): a 6.28(1) Å, b 3.66(1) Å, c 17.33(1) Å, β 91.46(1)°, V398.01(6) Å3, Z = 2, a∶b∶c = 1.716∶1∶4.735. The strongest Debye-Scherrer camera X-ray powder-diffraction lines [d in Å, (I), (hkl)] are: 5.78, (20), (Q and H 003); 4.34, (40), (Q 004); 3.46, (30), (Q and H 005); 3.339, (20), (Q 104); 2.876, (100), (Q and H 006); 2.068, (60), (Q 220).

Nature of dioctahedral micas in Spanish red soils

Clay Minerals ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Martin-Garcia ◽  
G. Delgado ◽  
M. Sanchez-Maranon ◽  
J. F. Parraga ◽  
R. Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Red Soils ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Structural Formulae ◽  
Coarse Gravel

AbstractStructural formulae and other crystallochemical parameters were used to study different species of dioctahedral micas in clay and coarse gravel fractions of horizons from a red soil (Ultic Haploxeralf) in southern Spain. Mineralogical analyses using X-ray powder diffraction, and measurements of theb0parameter revealed dioctahedral micas, illite and paragonite. Structural formulae established from electron microprobe analysis and energy dispersive X-ray analysis showed the illites to be K mica related in elemental composition and structure to muscovite and phengite. The paragonites were found to be closer to ideal mica. Structural formulae for Na-K dioctahedral micas were obtained with crystallochemical characteristics intermediate between those of Na micas and K micas. The possibilty of these micas representing individual mineral phases or intergrowths of Na and K micas is discussed. In the soil profile, micas from the Bt horizon showed the largest crystallochemical changes induced by pedogenesis.

Arsenoflorencite-(Ce): a new arsenate mineral from Australia

1987 ◽  
Vol 51 (362) ◽  
pp. 605-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Nickel ◽  
J. E. Temperly
Keyword(s):  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Stream Sediments ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Conchoidal Fracture ◽  
Simplified Formula

AbstractArsenoflorencite-(Ce) has been found at three localities in Australia—two in South Australia, and one in Queensland. It occurs as colourless to light brown scalenohedral crystals and crystal fragments in stream sediments. Electron microprobe analysis gave Ce2O3 12.97, La2O3 8.62, Pr2O3 3.35, Nd2O3 2.40, Gd2O3 1.38, Sm2O3 0.38, SrO 1.99, Al2O3 28.75, As2O5 27.02, P2O5 4.68, SO3 1.21%; calc, H2O 9.36%; total 102.11%. The simplified formula is REAl3(AsO4)2(OH)6, with Ce as the dominant RE element. Arsenoflorencite-(Ce) is rhombohedral, has space group R3m with αhex. 7.029 and chex. 16.517 Å, and Z = 3. Strongest X-ray powder diffraction lines are: 3.513(6)(110), 2.963(10)(113), 2.201(4)(107), 1.905(5)(303) and 1.753 Å(4)(220). Density is 4.096 (meas.) and 4.091 (calc.) g/cm3. Hardness is VHN10 170. Arsenoflorencite-(Ce) is brittle, breaks with a conchoidal fracture, and has no perceptible cleavage. The mineral is colourless in transmitted light, uniaxial positive, and has ω 1.739 and ɛ 1.745 (λ = 589 nm). Arsenoflorencite-(Ce) is the arsenate analogue of florencite-(Ce), and the name was chosen to indicate this relationship.

Pseudomesolite is mesolite

1985 ◽  
Vol 49 (350) ◽  
pp. 103-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rab Nawaz ◽  
John F. Malone ◽  
Victor K. Din
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
Wet Chemical

AbstractPseudomesolite from Carlton Peak, described by Winchell (1900), is shown to be mesolite by means of chemical and X-ray data. A proposal to this effect has been accepted by the International Mineralogical Association's Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. Electron microprobe analysis revealed variations in the composition of pseudomesolite and showed the presence of faroelite. The X-ray powder diffraction pattern is similar to that of mesolite. Single-crystal Weissenberg photographs showed a twinning intergrowth which is explained by a 90° rotation of 50% of the unit cells about the c-axis, so that the a- and b-axes of rotated cells coincide with the b- and a-axes respectively of the unrotated cells. This twinning can not be detected optically. Mesolite has recently been proved to be orthorhombic, contrary to the long-held view that it is monoclinic.Pseudomesolite from Oregon is also shown to be mesolite by single crystal Weissenberg photographs. A wet chemical analysis shows this material to be extremely silica-rich.

Okayamalite, Ca2B2SiO7, a new mineral, boron analogue of gehlenite

1998 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Matsubara ◽  
Ritsuro Miyawaki ◽  
Akira Kato ◽  
Kazumi Yokoyama ◽  
Akiyoshi Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Synthetic Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Natural Counterpart ◽  
Okayama Prefecture ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractOkayamalite, Ca2B2SiO7, tetragonal, P4̄21m, a = 7.116, c = 4.815 Å, Z = 2, is a new member of melilite group, the boron analogue of gehlenite. Electron microprobe analysis gave CaO 46.28, B2O3 28.50, SiO2 24.24, Al2O3 0.36, total 99.38 wt.%, corresponding to Ca2.01B2.00Si0.98Al0.02O7, a natural counterpart of Ca2B2SiO7 known only synthetically. The strongest lines in the X-ray powder diffraction pattern are 3.479 (40)(111), 2.862 (55)(201), 2.654 (100)(211), 2.129 (20)(301), 1.920 (35)(212), 1.644 (29)(312), very close to those of the synthetic material (a = 7.115, and c = 4.812 ). It is creamy white in colour with an earthy appearance due to the fine grain size. Streak white, cleavage not observed. Hardness ∼5½. Density calculated on the ideal formula is 3.30 g/cm3. It is optically uniaxial negative with ω = 1.700, and ɛ = 1.696. It occurs as patches of a few millimetres across in grey homogeneous-looking aggregate of wollastonite, vesuvianite, calcite and johnbaumite from Fuka mine, Bicchu-cho, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. The patches consist of very fine grains of the mineral up to 30 μm. Okayamalite is considered to be a product after the reaction formula: CaCO3 + CaSiO3 + B2O3 = Ca2B2SiO7 + CO2, arising from boron metasomatism of a wollastonite-calcite aggregate. The name is for the prefecture.

Parasibirskite, a new mineral from Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan

1998 ◽  
Vol 62 (04) ◽  
pp. 521-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kusachi ◽  
Y. Takechi ◽  
C. Henmi ◽  
S. Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Mineral Species ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Okayama Prefecture ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract Parasibirskite, with the ideal formula Ca2B2O5·H2O, is a new mineral species found at Fuka, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. It is a polymorph of sibirskite, CaHBO3, and occurs as subparallel aggregates of tabular crystals up to 40 × 20 × 3 µm in size. Associated minerals are takedaite, olshanskyite, sibirskite, frolovite and calcite. The mineral is white, and has a weak pearly luster. Optically, the mineral is biaxial positive, α 1.556(2), β 1.593(2), γ 1.663(2) (λ 589 nm). The Vickers microhardness of aggregates is 121 kg mm−2. The mineral is monoclinic with space group of P21/m, a 6.722(4), b 5.437(2), c 3.555(2) Å, β 93.00(5)°, V 129.8(2), Å3. The strongest lines in the X-ray powder pattern [d in Å (I)(hkl)] are 2.237(100)(300), 6.73(70)(100), 2.975(60)(011), 3.354(30)(200), 2.855(20)(210) and 1.776(20) (002). Wet chemical analysis, electron-microprobe analysis and ICP emission spectrometry give the values CaO 56.06 %, B2O3 34.10 %, H2O 9.97 % and total 100.13%. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of O = 6 is Ca1.985B1.945O4.901·1.099H2O, for Z = 1, Dcalc 2.54 and Dmeas 2.50(1) g cm−3. Parasibirskite is formed by hydrothermal alteration of takedaite.

Drugmanite, Pb2(Fe3+,Al) (PO4)2(OH) · H2O, a new mineral from Richelle, Belgium

1979 ◽  
Vol 43 (328) ◽  
pp. 463-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Van Tassel ◽  
A.-M. Fransolet ◽  
K. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Electron Microprobe ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Axial Plane ◽  
Powder Pattern ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reflectance Measurements

SummaryDrugmanite occurs as rare colourless transparent platy crystals, up to 0.2 mm, aggregated in bunches, in vugs of a mineralized and silicified limestone. Hardness < 6. Crystals monoclinic, forms {001} {110}, parameters from indexed X-ray powder pattern (and monocrystal measurements): a = 11.110 (11.111) Å, b = 7.976 (7.986), c = 4.644 (4.643), β = 90°18′ (90°.41°). Space group P21/a with Z = 2 giving Dcalc = 5.55. Strongest lines are 4.63 Å (9), 3.752 (IO), 3.350 (8), 3.247 (8), 2.912 (9). Mean refractive index 1.88 from reflectance measurements. Strong dispersion r < v, optic axial plane // (olo), 2Vα = 33±2°. Electron microprobe analysis gave P 8.89, Al 0.85, Fe 6.19, Pb 59.76%, leading to Pb4.02 Al0.45)P4.00O17.02·3H2O or Pb2 (Al0.22) (PO4)2 (OH)·H2O. Associated minerals are pyromorphite, anglesite, corkite and phosphosiderite. Named for J. Drugman, Belgian mineralogist (1875–1950).

scholarly journals Natropalermoite, Na2SrAl4(PO4)4(OH)4, a new mineral isostructural with palermoite, from the Palermo No. 1 mine, Groton, New Hampshire, USA

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin N. Schumer ◽  
Hexiong Yang ◽  
Robert T. Downs
Keyword(s):  
New Hampshire ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Cell Parameter ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
Calculated Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mohs Hardness

AbstractNatropalermoite, ideally Na2SrAl4(PO4)4(OH)4, the Na-analogue of palermoite, is a new mineral from the Palermo No. 1 mine, Groton, New Hampshire, USA. Associated minerals are palermoite, eosphorite and quartz. Natropalermoite crystal sare prismatic with striations parallel to the direction of elongation (the a axis) up to 200 μm × 50 μm × 45 μm in size. The mineral is colourless, transparent with a white streak and vitreous lustre and is visually indistinguishable from palermoite. It is brittle with subconchoidal fracture and has a Mohs hardness of 5.5. Cleavage is perfect on {001}, fair on {100} and no parting was observed. The calculated density is 3.502 g cm–3. Natropalermoite is biaxial (–), α = 1.624(1), β = 1.641(1), γ = 1.643(1) (589nm), 2Vmeas = 43(4)°, 2Vcalc = 38°. An electron microprobe analysis yielded an empirical formula (based on 20 O apfu) of (Na1.69Li0.31)∑2.00(Sr0.95Mg0.04Ca0.02Ba0.01)∑1.02(Al3.82Mn0.03Fe0.03)∑3.88(P1.01O4)4(OH)4.Natropalermoite is orthorhombic, space group Imcb, a = 11.4849(6), b = 16.2490(7), c = 7.2927(4) Å, V = 1360.95(17) Å3, Z = 4. Natropalermoite is isotypic with palermoite, but substitution of the larger Na for Li results in substantial increase of the b cell parameter. Four of the seven Na–O distances are longer than their equivalents in palermoite, resulting in a more regular 7-fold coordination polyhedron about Na. The eight strongest peaks in the calculated X-ray powder diffraction are [dcalc(Å),Irel%, (hkl)]: [3.128, 100, (321)], [4.907, 68, (121)], [3.327, 48, (022)], [4.689, 45, (220)], [3.078, 45, (202)], [2.453, 38, (242)], [2.636, 35, (411)], [2.174, 35, (422)].

Falgarite, K4(VO)3(SO4)5, a new mineral from sublimates of a natural underground coal fire at the tract of Kukhi-Malik, Fan-Yagnob coal deposit, Tajikistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-462
Author(s):  
Leonid A. Pautov ◽  
Mirak A. Mirakov ◽  
Oleg I. Siidra ◽  
Abdulkhak R. Faiziev ◽  
Еvgeny V. Nazarchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Coal Deposit ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coal Fire ◽  
Mohs Hardness

AbstractA new mineral falgarite, K4(V+4O)3(SO4)5 was discovered at the tract of Kukhi-Malik, Fan-Yagnob coal deposit, ca. 75 km N of Dushanbe, Tajikistan. The new mineral is named after the Falgar, an ancient Sogdian name for an area around the Zeravshan riverhead. Falgarite is a fumarolic mineral formed directly from a gas emitted by a natural underground coal fire. Associated minerals are anhydrite, baryte, molybdite, an unidentified Tl-vanadyl sulfate, K–Mg sulfate and an anhydrous Mg-sulfate. Falgarite forms small isometric or pseudo-octahedral individual crystals (10–60 μm) of turquoise colour and spherical aggregates up to 0.5 mm in diameter. Mohs hardness is ~ 2.5, Dmeas = 2.87(2) and Dcalc = 2.89 g/cm3. Refractive indices are: α = 1.588(3), β(calc.) = 1.600(3) and γ = 1.609(2) (590 nm). In transmitted light falgarite is transparent green with a weak pleochroism. The mineral is non-soluble in H2O and 5% HNO3 at room temperature. Infrared spectra support the absence of H2O and OH–. The chemical composition determined by electron-microprobe analysis is (wt.%): Na2O 0.55, K2O 20.76, Tl2O 1.83, VO2 29.38 and SO3 46.78, total 99.29. The empirical formula (based on 23 O apfu) is: (K3.76Na0.15Tl0.07)Σ3.98V3.02S4.99O23.0. The strongest lines of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern are [d,Å(I,%)(hkl)]: 3.20(70)(202); 3.17(80)024; 3.14(70)$\bar{2}$04; 3.01(50)$\bar{1}$51; and 2.88(100)151. Falgarite is monoclinic, P21/n, a = 8.7209(5), b = 16.1777(6), c = 14.4614(7) Å, β = 106.744(5)°, V = 1953.77(17) Å3, Z = 4 and R1 = 0.05. VO6 octahedra and SO4 tetrahedra link together by sharing corners thus forming a [(VO)3(SO4)5]4– framework. K+, Na+ and Tl+ cations are located in the channels of the framework. The synthetic K4(VO)3(SO4)5 analogue is known.

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