Incidence of lymphoid neoplasms among atomic bomb survivors by histological subtype: 1950-1994

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megumu Fujihara ◽  
Ritsu Sakata ◽  
Noriaki Yoshida ◽  
Kotaro Ozasa ◽  
Dale L Preston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Precursor Cell ◽  
Atomic Bomb Survivors ◽  
Lymphoid Neoplasms ◽  
The Relationship

Epidemiological data have provided limited and inconsistent evidence on the relationship between radiation exposure and lymphoid neoplasms. We classified 553 lymphoid neoplasm cases diagnosed between 1950 and 1994 in the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort of atomic bomb survivors into WHO subtypes. Mature B-cell neoplasms represented 58%, mature T-cell and NK-cell neoplasms 20%; precursor cell neoplasms, 5%, and Hodgkin lymphoma, 3%; with the remaining 15% classified as non-Hodgkin lymphoid neoplasms or lymphoid neoplasms, not otherwise specified. We used Poisson regression methods to assess the relationship between radiation exposure and the more common subtypes. As in earlier reports, a significant dose response for non-Hodgkin lymphoid neoplasms as a group was seen for males but not females. However, subtype analyses showed that radiation dose was strongly associated with increased precursor cell neoplasms rates, with an estimated excess relative risk per Gy of 16 (95% Confidence interval: 7.0, >533) at age 50. The current data based primarily of tissue-based diagnoses suggest that the association between radiation dose and lymphoid neoplasms as a group is largely driven by the radiation effect on precursor cell neoplasms while presenting no evidence of a radiation dose response for major categories of mature cell neoplasms, either B- or T-/NK-cell, or more specific disease entities (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, plasma cell myeloma, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma) or Hodgkin lymphoma.

scholarly journals Relationship between monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and radiation exposure in Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (8) ◽  
pp. 1639-1650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Iwanaga ◽  
Masuko Tagawa ◽  
Kunihiro Tsukasaki ◽  
Tatsuki Matsuo ◽  
Ken-ichi Yokota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Atomic Bomb Survivors ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Undetermined Significance

Abstract Radiation exposure is a possible predisposing factor for monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), but the association has been uncertain. We investigated the relationship between radiation exposure and MGUS prevalence by using data from the M-protein screening for Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors between 1988 and 2004. Radiation exposure was assessed by exposure distance from the hypocenter and exposure radiation dose. We computed prevalence ratios (PRs) and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusting for exposure age and sex. A total of 1082 cases of MGUS were identified from 52 525 participants. MGUS prevalence was significantly higher in people exposed at distance within 1.5 km than beyond 3.0 km (PR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.9) among those exposed at age 20 years or younger, but it was not found among those exposed at age 20 years or older. MGUS prevalence was also significantly higher in people exposed to more than 0.1 Gy than those exposed to less than 0.01 Gy (PR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0-2.8) among those exposed at age 20 years or younger. Thus, people exposed at younger age exhibited a significantly high risk of MGUS when exposed to a high radiation dose. There was no clear association between radiation exposure and the malignant progression of MGUS. Further detailed analysis is needed.

Risk of Myelodysplastic Syndromes in People Exposed to Ionizing Radiation: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Nagasaki Atomic Bomb Survivors

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Iwanaga ◽  
Wan-Ling Hsu ◽  
Midori Soda ◽  
Yumi Takasaki ◽  
Masayuki Tawara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Myelodysplastic Syndromes ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Atomic Bomb Survivors

Purpose The risk of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) has not been fully investigated among people exposed to ionizing radiation. We investigate MDS risk and radiation dose-response in Japanese atomic bomb survivors. Patients and Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study by using two databases of Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors: 64,026 people with known exposure distance in the database of Nagasaki University Atomic-Bomb Disease Institute (ABDI) and 22,245 people with estimated radiation dose in the Radiation Effects Research Foundation Life Span Study (LSS). Patients with MDS diagnosed from 1985 to 2004 were identified by record linkage between the cohorts and the Nagasaki Prefecture Cancer Registry. Cox and Poisson regression models were used to estimate relationships between exposure distance or dose and MDS risk. Results There were 151 patients with MDS in the ABDI cohort and 47 patients with MDS in the LSS cohort. MDS rate increased inversely with exposure distance, with an excess relative risk (ERR) decay per km of 1.2 (95% CI, 0.4 to 3.0; P < .001) for ABDI. MDS risk also showed a significant linear response to exposure dose level (P < .001) with an ERR per Gy of 4.3 (95% CI, 1.6 to 9.5; P < .001). After adjustment for sex, attained age, and birth year, the MDS risk was significantly greater in those exposed when young. Conclusion A significant linear radiation dose-response for MDS exists in atomic bomb survivors 40 to 60 years after radiation exposure. Clinicians should perform careful long-term follow-up of irradiated people to detect MDS as early as possible.

scholarly journals Effect of Heterogeneity in Background Incidence on Inference about the Solid-Cancer Radiation Dose Response in Atomic Bomb Survivors

2019 ◽  
Vol 192 (4) ◽  
pp. 388 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Cologne ◽  
Jaeyoung Kim ◽  
Hiromi Sugiyama ◽  
Benjamin French ◽  
Harry M. Cullings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Solid Cancer ◽  
Atomic Bomb Survivors

Postoperative Cataract Cases among Atomic Bomb Survivors: Radiation Dose Response and Threshold

2007 ◽  
Vol 168 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuo Neriishi ◽  
Eiji Nakashima ◽  
Atsushi Minamoto ◽  
Saeko Fujiwara ◽  
Masazumi Akahoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Atomic Bomb ◽  
Atomic Bomb Survivors

scholarly journals T-Cell Lymphoma Clonality by Copy Number Variation Analysis of T-Cell Receptor Genes

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Ming Liang Oon ◽  
Jing Quan Lim ◽  
Bernett Lee ◽  
Sai Mun Leong ◽  
Gwyneth Shook-Ting Soon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
B Cell ◽  
T Cell Receptor ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
T Cell Lymphomas ◽  
Number Variation ◽  
Diagnostic Applications ◽  
Cell Clonality

T-cell lymphomas arise from a single neoplastic clone and exhibit identical patterns of deletions in T-cell receptor (TCR) genes. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) data represent a treasure trove of information for the development of novel clinical applications. However, the use of WGS to identify clonal T-cell proliferations has not been systematically studied. In this study, based on WGS data, we identified monoclonal rearrangements (MRs) of T-cell receptors (TCR) genes using a novel segmentation algorithm and copy number computation. We evaluated the feasibility of this technique as a marker of T-cell clonality using T-cell lymphomas (TCL, n = 44) and extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomas (ENKTLs, n = 20), and identified 98% of TCLs with one or more TCR gene MRs, against 91% detected using PCR. TCR MRs were absent in all ENKTLs and NK cell lines. Sensitivity-wise, this platform is sufficiently competent, with MRs detected in the majority of samples with tumor content under 25% and it can also distinguish monoallelic from biallelic MRs. Understanding the copy number landscape of TCR using WGS data may engender new diagnostic applications in hematolymphoid pathology, which can be readily adapted to the analysis of B-cell receptor loci for B-cell clonality determination.

Pax5 determines B- versus T-cell fate and does not block early myeloid-lineage development

Blood ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 101 (11) ◽  
pp. 4342-4346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudiu V. Cotta ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Hyung-Gyoon Kim ◽  
Christopher A. Klug
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cell Lineage ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Peripheral Blood Analysis

Abstract Progenitor B cells deficient in Pax5 are developmentally multipotent, suggesting that Pax5 is necessary to maintain commitment to the B-cell lineage. Commitment may be mediated, in part, by Pax5 repression of myeloid-specific genes. To determine whether Pax5 expression in multipotential cells is sufficient to restrict development to the B-cell lineage in vivo, we enforced expression of Pax5 in hematopoietic stem cells using a retroviral vector. Peripheral blood analysis of all animals reconstituted with Pax5-expressing cells indicated that more than 90% of Pax5-expressing cells were B220+ mature B cells that were not malignant. Further analysis showed that Pax5 completely blocked T-lineage development in the thymus but did not inhibit myelopoiesis or natural killer (NK) cell development in bone marrow. These results implicate Pax5 as a critical regulator of B- versus T-cell developmental fate and suggest that Pax5 may promote commitment to the B-cell lineage by mechanisms that are independent of myeloid gene repression.

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