scholarly journals Anemia Following Nerve Resection

Blood ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. HOLLAN
Keyword(s):  
Femoral Nerve ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Nerve Supply ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Impaired Metabolism ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Red Cell Count

Abstract 1. Unilateral sciatic and femoral nerve resection is followed by a marked and lasting fall in the red cell count and hemoglobin value in the albino rat. 2. There are different types in the course of the anemia. 3. A definite parallelism has been observed between the course and severity of anemia and of trophic disturbances developing in the limb almost deprived of its nerve supply. 4. The resection of different peripheral nerves equally results in anemia in the albino rat. The grade of anemia depends on the size of the area supplied by the resected nerve. 5. It is essential in the development of nerve resection anemia that the area with impaired nerve supply and trophic disturbances remain in the organism. Humoral or neurohumoral effects emitted from this area with impaired metabolism are the factors eliciting the anemia observed. 6. Anemia following nerve resection is not due to a change in the distribution of blood cells, nor is it a sequel to loss of blood. 7. Secondary infections, or manifestations of some latent infection (first of all, bartonellosis) are not involved in the development of nerve resection anemia. 8. Chronic tissue destruction induced in areas with intact innervation causes no anemia. 9. Anemia following nerve resection is not due to a deficiency in nutrition. 10. Nerve resections are followed by changes in the entire blood cell system, especially in the formation, maturation and destruction of erythrocytes. 11. Hematologic studies carried out after nerve resections indicate an increased reticuloendothelial activity and the impairment of iron and nucleic acid metabolism.

scholarly journals Collision patterns on mollusc shells

1997 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Plath ◽  
J. K. Plath ◽  
J. Schwietering
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Growth Front ◽  
Cell System ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Reaction Diffusion Systems ◽  
Diffusion Systems ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Classical Waves ◽  
Cellular Behaviour ◽  
Mollusc Shells

On mollusc shells one can find famous patterns. Some of them show a great resemblance to the soliton patterns in one-dimensional systems. Other look like Sierpinsky triangles or exhibit very irregular patterns. Meinhardt has shown that those patterns can be well described by reaction–diffusion systems [1]. However, such a description neglects the discrete character of the cell system at the growth front of the mollusc shell.We have therefore developed a one-dimensional cellular vector automaton model which takes into account the cellular behaviour of the system [2]. The state of the mathematical cell is defined by a vector with two components. We looked for the most simple transformation rules in order to develop quite different types of waves: classical waves, chemical waves and different types of solitons. Our attention was focussed on the properties of the system created through the collision of two waves.

scholarly journals Fuel Cell designing with optimal high speed air compressor

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Nabeel Ahsan ◽  
Mahrukh Mehmood ◽  
Asad A. Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Air Compressor ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Turbo Compressor

This paper discusses different air management technologies for fuel cell systems. Two different types of compressors are analyzed for Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). Some important criteria are analyzed thoroughly for the selection of turbo compressor among different types of compressors illustrated with the help of matrix representations. The impacts of various input parameters for Fuel Cell (FC) are also explained thoroughly. Later the numerical modeling of an automobile fuel cell system using a high speed turbo-compressor for air supply is explained. The numerical model incorporates the important input parameters related with air and hydrogen. It also performed energy and mass balances across different components such as pump, fan, heat-exchanger, air compressor and also keeps in consideration the pressure drop across the flow pipes and various mechanical parts. The model is solved to obtain the characteristics of the FC system at different operating conditions. Therefore, it can be concluded that the high speed turbo compressor with a turbo-expander can have significant effects on the overall system power and efficiency.

COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON NORMAL AND ON POLIOMYELITIS INFECTED TISSUE CULTURES: I. OBSERVATIONS ON SYNTHETIC NUTRIENT MIXTURES INCUBATEDWITH TISSUE CULTURES OF NORMAL KIDNEY

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-287
Author(s):  
Ernest Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Behavior

Illustrative examples are given of change in turbidity values of complete and incomplete media used for in vitro cultivation of rhesus monkey kidney tissue. Pools of routine material were examined. The main interest was focused on enzymes directly or indirectly connected with nucleic acid metabolism. The presence and behavior of acid and alkaline monoesterases, 5-nucleotidase, simple nucleotidases, two different types of ribonuclease, and two desoxyribonucleases are described and activity of other enzymes occasionally demonstrated. As a working hypothesis, the bearing of these findings on cell physiology and on pathology of poliomyelitis virus infection is discussed.

Ultrastructural Study of Peripheral Nerve Injury Induced by Monopolar and Bipolar Diathermy

1996 ◽  
Vol 105 (9) ◽  
pp. 673-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuval Zohar ◽  
Michael Strauss ◽  
Rima Sadov ◽  
Meir Djialdetti
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Femoral Nerve ◽  
Bipolar Diathermy ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Bipolar Electrocoagulation ◽  
Cell Architecture

The effect of unipolar and bipolar electrocoagulation on human and albino rat peripheral nerves was examined by transmission electron microscopy. The greater auricular nerve obtained from operated patients and the femoral nerve of an albino rat were chosen for this study. The nerves were divided into three groups: controls, segments of nerves spot-coagulated with unipolar instruments, and segments of nerves spot-coagulated with bipolar instruments. Significant cell injury, expressed by marked damage of the Schwann cells, was induced by unipolar coagulation in both myelinated and unmyelinated nerves, in humans as well as in the albino rat. However, in bipolar-treated nerves, the Schwann cell architecture remained well preserved in both types of nerves. The results are in favor of bipolar electrocoagulation when applied in areas rich in neurovascular supplies.

scholarly journals Pulsed Radiofrequency of the Composite Nerve Supply to the Knee Joint as a New Technique for Relieving Osteoarthritic Pain: A Preliminary Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 6;17 (6;12) ◽  
pp. 494-494
Author(s):  
Dr. Lakshmi Vas
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Central Sensitization ◽  
Femoral Nerve ◽  
Knee Function ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Nerve Supply ◽  
Pulsed Radiofrequency ◽  
Motor Nerves ◽  
A New Technique

We report a new technique for pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) of the entire nerve supply of the knee as an option in treating osteoarthritis (OA) of knee. We targeted both sensory and motor nerves supplying all the structures around the knee: joint, muscles, and skin to address the entire nociception and stiffness leading to peripheral and central sensitization in osteoarthritis. Ten patients with pain, stiffness, and loss of function in both knees were treated with ultrasonography (USG) guided PRF of saphenous, tibial, and common peroneal nerves along with subsartorial, peripatellar, and popliteal plexuses. USG guided PRF of the femoral nerve was also done to address the innervation of the quadriceps muscle. Assessment of pain (Numerical Rating Scale [NRS], pain DETECT, knee function [Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index- WOMAC]) were documented pre and post PRF at 3 and 6 months. Knee radiographs (KellgrenLawrence [K-L] grading) were done before PRF and one week later. All the patients showed a sustained improvement of NRS, pain DETECT, and WOMAC at 3 and 6 months. The significant improvement of patellar position and tibio-femoral joint space was concordant with the patient’s reporting of improvement in stiffness and pain. The sustained pain relief and muscle relaxation enabled the patients to optimize physiotherapy thereby improving endurance training to include the daily activities of life. We conclude that OA knee pain is a product of neuromyopathy and that PRF of the sensory and motor nerves appeared to be a safe, effective, and minimally invasive technique. The reduction of pain and stiffness improved the knee function and probably reduced the peripheral and central sensitization. Key words: Osteoarthritis, knee pain, stiffness, knee innervation, femoral nerve supply, Hilton’s law, peripheral sensitization, pulsed radiofrequency treatment of nerves to knee joint

Correlation between different types of retinal ganglion cells and their projection pattern in the albino rat

1996 ◽  
Vol 706 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K.M. Farid Ahmed ◽  
Kai Dong ◽  
Tomiyoshi Setsu ◽  
Takashi Yamadori
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Retinal Ganglion ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Projection Pattern

Marine pathogen diversity and disease outcomes

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-44
Author(s):  
Kelly S. Bateman ◽  
Stephen W. Feist ◽  
John P. Bignell ◽  
David Bass ◽  
Grant D. Stentiford
Keyword(s):  
Cell System ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Presumptive Diagnosis ◽  
Pathogen Diversity ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Tissue Changes ◽  
The Individual

This chapter provides an introduction to important marine pathogens, providing an overview of the diversity of pathogen types and how they affect different hosts in the marine environment. The chapter focuses on wild and cultured species and highlights that single infections are relatively rare, with co- and secondary infections being commonplace. The authors highlight the importance of understanding “normal” host tissue structure prior to interpreting pathological changes and outline the role of histology to assess pathogenicity of emerging diseases, linking presence of individual pathogens and co-infections with degree of host response. Fact sheets focus on the pathology (i.e., interaction of a specific pathogen group with the host cell/system) with high-quality histology and TEM images, emphasizing tissue changes caused by pathogens, and point the reader to presumptive diagnosis via histology while highlighting the need for confirmatory testing via other means. The pathobiome concept is introduced and explained, and the utility for predicting outcomes at the individual and population levels discussed.

COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON NORMAL AND ON POLIOMYELITIS INFECTED TISSUE CULTURES: I. OBSERVATIONS ON SYNTHETIC NUTRIENT MIXTURES INCUBATEDWITH TISSUE CULTURES OF NORMAL KIDNEY

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Nucleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Main Interest ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Behavior

Illustrative examples are given of change in turbidity values of complete and incomplete media used for in vitro cultivation of rhesus monkey kidney tissue. Pools of routine material were examined. The main interest was focused on enzymes directly or indirectly connected with nucleic acid metabolism. The presence and behavior of acid and alkaline monoesterases, 5-nucleotidase, simple nucleotidases, two different types of ribonuclease, and two desoxyribonucleases are described and activity of other enzymes occasionally demonstrated. As a working hypothesis, the bearing of these findings on cell physiology and on pathology of poliomyelitis virus infection is discussed.

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