scholarly journals Simplified Determination of Blood Adenosine Triphosphate Using the Firefly System

Blood ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 688-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERNEST BEUTLER ◽  
MARYELLEN C. BALUDA
Keyword(s):  
Human Blood ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Hypotonic Buffer ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Normal Human Blood

Abstract A simplified method is described for the determination of red cell ATP using the firefly lantern extract method. Variables investigated include the effect of the time of reading, dilution of firefly extract and the effective range of the method. Excellent recoveries were obtained. Optimal extraction of ATP from red cells was achieved with a hypotonic buffer at pH 9.2. The method could be used with acid-citrate-dextrose, heparin or EDTA as an anticoagulant. The method was found to be highly specific when the nucleotides found in normal human blood were investigated; only adenosine diphosphate and guanosine triphosphate gave slight readings, neither of which would significantly affect ATP determinations of human blood. Normal human values were found to be 5.45 µmoles of ATP/Gm. of hemoglobin or 1.83 µmoles/ml. red cells in heparinized blood samples. This method is believed to be more rapid, more reproducible and more accurate than any previously described method of ATP determination.

On the action exerted upon the staphylococcus pyogenes by human blood fluids, and on the elaboration of protective elements in the human organism in response to inoculations of a staphylococcus vaccine.

1905 ◽  
Vol 74 (497-506) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almroth Edward Wright ◽  
Stewart Ranken Douglas ◽  
John Scott Burdon-Sanderson
Keyword(s):  
Human Blood ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Normal Human Blood

The subject matter with which we have here to deal may be distributed under the following headings :— (1) Determination of the nature of the action which is exerted upon the Staphylococcus pyogenes by normal human blood fluids, and by the blood fluids of patients who have been inoculated with a staphylococcus vaccine. (2) Comparison of the phagocytic power of the subjects of staphyloeoccus invasion with the phagocytic power of normal individuals. (3) Distribution in the infected organism of the opsonins which here come into consideration. (4) Determination of the question as to whether the opsonins are present in the blood of the infant at birth. (5) Determination of the course of the reaction of immunisation which supervenes upon the inoculation of a staphylococcus vaccine.

scholarly journals Satisfactory Red Cell Viability with Slight Excess of Acid Citrate Dextrose

Blood ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
KLAUS MAYER ◽  
JOSEPH D'AMARO
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Slight Excess ◽  
Great Excess ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose

Abstract Platelet suspensions obtained from blood donors are improved by increased acidification. The simplest way to accomplish this is to collect less blood into the standard quantity of ACD. Since we have previously reported an impairment in red cell viability when blood is collected in a great excess of ACD, it became pertinent to test the survival of stored red cells collected in a "slight" excess of ACD. The volume of the blood collected was lowered to 375 ml. in 75 ml. ACD (N. I. H. formula A). At this ratio the pH. was 6.5 which is sufficiently low to minimize platelet clumping. The red cells were separated, stored for 21 days at 4 C., and viability was tested by the 51Chromate method. The results showed adequate red cell survival for blood collected and stored in this manner.

scholarly journals Impairment of Red Cell Viability by Exposure to "Excess" Acid—Citrate Dextrose

Blood ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
KLAUS MAYER ◽  
ALLYN B. LEY ◽  
JOSEPH D’AMARO
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Suspension Medium ◽  
Degree Of Swelling ◽  
Acid Citrate Dextrose ◽  
Citrate Dextrose

Abstract Collection of blood in "excess" ACD leads to a loss of red cell viability when the blood is transfused back into the donor, even without any appreciable storage period. The mechanism of this loss of viability is not clear. The loss is accentuated by incubation at 37 C.; it is not affected by varying the dextrose concentration of the ACD; it cannot entirely be attributed to change in pH of the final suspension medium; and it is not related to the degree of swelling of the red cells. The loss of viability can completely be corrected by the addition of small amounts of chloride to the ACD. This effect is presumably the same as the "lesion of collection" described by Gibson et al. in relation to viability studies after 28 days of storage.4

scholarly journals Fractional withdrawal of complement and amboceptor by means of antigen. (preliminary note.)

1911 ◽  
Vol 84 (571) ◽  
pp. 277-279
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Preliminary Note ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Artificial Mixtures ◽  
Normal Human Blood

The problem which forms the objective of the present investigation is the determination of the extent to which complement and amboceptor are withdrawn by amounts of antigen which are insufficient to cause complete removal of these two substances. In this investigation the source of both complement and amboceptor was normal human blood serum, which was employed alone when it was desired to preserve the natural relationship of complement and amboceptor; when it was desired to vary this relation, artificial mixtures of complement and amboceptor were prepared, which presented wide divergence from the relation obtaining in normal serum.

Determination of bradykinin in blood and bradykininogen in tissues

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishwanath M. Sardesai
Keyword(s):  
Human Blood ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Rat Uterus ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Different Tissues ◽  
Normal Human Blood

The rat uterus preparation was used to determine bradykinin and bradykininogen in blood. The use of an internal standard has permitted the quantitative estimation of the amount of bradykinin in the unknown samples. The effects of histamine, serotonin, catecholamines, and UML 491 (methyl sergide) on the assay of this polypeptide were studied. The results indicate that histamine in higher concentrations makes the uterus preparation insensitive to bradykinin. Serotonin and catecholamines increase the response of the uterus preparation to this polypeptide, and this effect can be blocked by UML 491. Normal human blood was found to contain bradykinin in the range 0.001 to 0.004 μg/ml and bradykininogen in the range 6 to 8 μg/ml. Bradykininogen was determined in different tissues from five species. Heart tissue had the highest bradykininogen content followed by liver, kidney, and brain.

Synthesis and solvatochromic studies of 2- amino-3-phenolazo1-(4-sulfophenyl)-3-methyi-5-pyrozolone and use it for the determination of trace amount of Nickel (II) in blood samples

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4920
Author(s):  
Amar M. Ali ◽  
Hussain. J. Mohammed*
Keyword(s):  
Stability Constant ◽  
Trace Amount ◽  
Benzenesulfonic Acid ◽  
Determination Method ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Determination Of Nickel ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Normal Human Blood

A new, simple, sensitive and rapid spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of trace amount of Nickel (II). The method is based on the formation of a 1:2 complex with 4-(4-((2-hydroxy-6-nitrophenyl) diazenyl) -3-methyl-5-oxo-2, 5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) benzenesulfonic acid (2-ANASP) as a new reagent is developed. The complex has a maximum absorption at 516 nm and εmax of 1. 84 X 105 L. mol-1. cm-1. A linear correlation (0. 25 – 4. 0μg. ml-1) was found between absorbance at λmax and concentration. The accuracy and reproducibility of the determination method for various known amounts of Nickel (II) were tested. The results obtained are both precise (RSD was 1. 2 %) and accurate (relative error was 0. 787 %). The effect of diverse ions on the determination of Nickel (II) to investigate the selectivity of the method were also studied. The stability constant of the product was 0. 399 X 106 L. mol-1. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of diabetes blood and normal human blood. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document