Quantification of inflammatory cytokines in exhaled breath particles following segmental and inhalation endotoxin challenge of healthy volunteers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Holz ◽  
Saskia Carstensen ◽  
Meike Müller ◽  
Anna-Carin Olin ◽  
Jens M. Hohlfeld
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Endotoxin Challenge

scholarly journals Exhaled Breath Condensate: Pilot Study of the Method and Initial Experience in Healthy Subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
Eva Peterová ◽  
Jaroslav Chládek ◽  
Darina Kohoutová ◽  
Veronika Knoblochová ◽  
Paula Morávková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Initial Experience ◽  
Major Disadvantage ◽  
Breath Condensate

Analysis of Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a re-discovered approach to monitoring the course of the disease and reduce invasive methods of patient investigation. However, the major disadvantage and shortcoming of the EBC is lack of reliable and reproducible standardization of the method. Despite many articles published on EBC, until now there is no clear consensus on whether the analysis of EBC can provide a clue to diagnosis of the diseases. The purpose of this paper is to investigate our own method, to search for possible standardization and to obtain our own initial experience. Thirty healthy volunteers provided the EBC, in which we monitored the density, pH, protein, chloride and urea concentration. Our results show that EBC pH is influenced by smoking, and urea concentrations are affected by the gender of subjects. Age of subjects does not play a role. The smallest coefficient of variation between individual volunteers is for density determination. Current limitations of EBC measurements are the low concentration of many biomarkers. Standardization needs to be specific for each individual biomarker, with focusing on optimal condensate collection. EBC analysis has a potential become diagnostic test, not only for lung diseases.

scholarly journals Atopic asthmatic patients have reduced airway inflammatory cell recruitment after inhaled endotoxin challenge compared with healthy volunteers

2012 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 869-876.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Hernandez ◽  
Margaret Herbst ◽  
John C. Lay ◽  
Neil E. Alexis ◽  
Willie June Brickey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Endotoxin Challenge ◽  
Cell Recruitment ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Cell Recruitment

Inflammatory cytokines in exhaled breath condensate in children with inflammatory bowel diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1190-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Krenke ◽  
J. Peradzyńska ◽  
J. Lange ◽  
A. Banaszkiewicz ◽  
I. Łazowska-Przeorek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Breath Condensate

Impact of Systemic Normobaric Short-Term Hypoxia on Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in Healthy Volunteers

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (08/2015) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilonka Rohm ◽  
Josephine Ratka ◽  
Rudin Pistulli ◽  
Bjoern Goebel ◽  
Thomas Gecks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Circulating and muscle glutathione turnover in human endotoxaemia

2009 ◽  
Vol 117 (9) ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urban B. Fläring ◽  
Christina Hebert ◽  
Jan Wernerman ◽  
Folke Hammarqvist ◽  
Olav E. Rooyackers
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Total Glutathione ◽  
Endotoxin Challenge ◽  
Glutathione Status

Patients with septic shock have high plasma glutathione concentrations, whereas intracellular concentrations in erythrocytes and muscle are low. In the present study, we investigated the temporal pattern of glutathione status and glutathione kinetics in healthy volunteers during the initial phase of sepsis using a human endotoxin model. The present study was a descriptive pilot study in healthy male volunteers (n=8) before and after an endotoxin challenge. The glutathione status was determined in plasma and whole blood at baseline and hourly for 4 h after intravenous endotoxin injection and in skeletal muscle at baseline and at 2 and 4 h after endotoxin injection. In plasma, the concentration of total glutathione decreased 24% (P<0.05) at 3 h after endotoxin injection and 32% (P<0.001) at 4 h. In whole blood and skeletal muscle, the concentrations of both GSH and total glutathione as well as the redox status remained unaltered during the initial 4 h after the endotoxin challenge. The FSR (fractional synthesis rate) of glutathione in whole blood was 38±20%/day before and 59±22%/day 4 h after the endotoxin challenge (P=0.088) and in skeletal muscle this was 41±25 and 46±18%/day (P=0.68) respectively. During the initial phase of sepsis, as represented by an intravenous endotoxin challenge to healthy volunteers, plasma concentrations of total glutathione decreased, whereas glutathione status and synthesis rate in skeletal muscle and whole blood remained unaltered. However, due to the variation in the synthesis measurements, larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Investigation of pH of the exhaled breath condensate in inflammatory lung diseases

2005 ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
E. Kh. Anaev ◽  
S. N. Avdeev ◽  
A. G. Chuchalin
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
Exhaled Breath Condensate ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Lung Pathology ◽  
Evaluation And Monitoring ◽  
Breath Condensate

Investigation of inflammatory markers in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) is a non-invasive method for evaluation and monitoring of bronchopulmonary inflammation. Endogenous oxidative processes in the airways can be evaluated by pH measurement in the EBC. We examined 153 healthy volunteers (of them, 51 smokers) and 615 patients with lung pathology (of them, 131 asthma (BA) patients, 205 COPD patients, 43 patients with bronchiectasis, 72 patients with idiopathic lung fibrosis (ILF), 142 pneumonia patients, and 42 cystic fibrosis patients). EBC was collected with ECoScreen equipment (Erich Jaeger, Germany) using a standardized method. The EBC pH was measured using the f32 PH-meter (Beckman, USA) with a glass microelectrode. The average ECB pH was 6.16 ± 0.52 in BA, 6.35 ± 0.56 in COPD, 6.13 ± 0.46 in bronchiectasis, 5.98 ± 0.30 in ILF, 5.96 ± 0.37 in pneumonia, and 6.35 ± 0.23 in cystic fibrosis. It was significantly lower than in the healthy volunteers (6.97 ± 0.31, р < 0.0001). In patients with exacerbation of BA and COPD ECB pH was considerably lower compared with those in stable condition. A reliable growth of pH was noted in pneumonia patients after treatment of the disease. There was a correlation between ECB pH and severity of fibrotic and inflammatory disorders of lung tissue according to HRCT (r = –0.62, p = 0.01), lung diffusing capacity (r = 0.51, p = 0.01), Tiffeneau index (r = 0.68, p = 0.004) in ILF. Therefore, the ECB pH is a distinct marker of the airway inflammatory severity in lung pathology. The ECB pH monitoring can assess the inflammatory activity and efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapy in lung diseases.

scholarly journals Expression and functionality study of 9 Toll-like receptors in drug-naïve non-affective first episode psychosis individuals: a 3-month study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Juncal-Ruiz ◽  
Laura Riesco-Davila ◽  
Mariluz Ramirez-Bonilla ◽  
Victor Ortiz-Garcia de la Foz ◽  
Javier Vazquez-Bourgon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Lower Expression ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a pivotal component of the innate immune system, which are expressed by various subsets of immune cell types, included central nervous system. There are few publications that have studied TLR expression and/or functionality in psychosis, of which most of them have been based on chronic schizophrenia individuals.Objectives: To compare the expression and functionality of 9TLRs in three peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (monocytes, B cells and T cells) within a sample of 33 drug-naïve FEP individuals and 26 healthy volunteers, at baseline and after 3-month of antipsychotic treatment.Methods: The expression of TLR1-9 was assessed by flow cytometry. For the assessment of the TLR functionality (measured as intracellular production of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α following TLR stimulation), cells collected in sodium heparin tubes were polyclonally stimulated for 18h with different agonists for human TLR1–9.Results: Patients showed a lower expression of TLR5 and TLR8 on the three PBMCs at baseline and after 3-month of treatment regarding healthy volunteers (all ps <0.01). We also found less production of some intracellular pro-inflammatory cytokines (especially TNF-α) after TLR stimulation in patients at both baseline and following the medication (all ps <0.01). We have not found differences in the intra-subject analyses after 3-month of treatment.Conclusions: Drug-naive patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders show lower expression of specific TLR receptors as well as lower intracellular concentrations of some pro-inflammatory cytokines after TLR stimulation. These findings may be a consequence of an excessive cell stimulation via exogenous ligands (such as pathogens) and/or endogenous ligands (such as autoimmunity) in such a way that PBMCs could be exhausted to be activated in the in vitro analyses.

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