scholarly journals The virulent Wolbachia strain wMelPop increases the frequency of apoptosis in the female germline cells of Drosophila melanogaster

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariya V Zhukova ◽  
Elena Kiseleva
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Wolbachia Strain ◽  
Germline Cells ◽  
Female Germline

scholarly journals Molecular genetics of the Drosophila melanogaster ovo locus, a gene required for sex determination of germline cells.

Genetics ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-803
Author(s):  
M D Garfinkel ◽  
A R Lohe ◽  
A P Mahowald
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Transcription Unit ◽  
Complementation Group ◽  
P Element ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Germline Cells ◽  
Female Specific ◽  
Female Germline

Abstract The Drosophila melanogaster ovo gene is required for survival and differentiation of female germline cells, apparently playing a role in germline sex determination. We recovered 60 kb of genomic DNA from its genetic location at 4E1,2 on the X chromosome. A transcription unit coding for an apparently female-specific germline-dependent 5-kb poly(A)+ RNA size class is located substantially in a 7-kb region, within which three DNA-detectable lesions for mutations that inactivate the ovo function are located at two sites approximately 4 kb apart. The breakpoint of a deficiency that removes the neighboring lethal complementation group shavenbaby (svb) but leaves the ovo function intact maps approximately 5 kb to the molecular left of the leftmost ovo mutant site. A class of mutations that inactivates both the svb function and the ovo function affects genomic DNA between the two ovo sites. Sequences required for the two genetic functions are partly overlapping. In spite of this overlap, P element-mediated gene transfer of a 10-kb genomic DNA segment containing the 5-kb poly(A)+ RNA transcription unit rescues the female sterility phenotypes of ovo mutations, but not the svb lethality.

scholarly journals A hobo Transgene That Encodes the P-Element Transposase in Drosophila melanogaster: Autoregulation and Cytotype Control of Transposase Activity

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Simmons ◽  
Kevin J Haley ◽  
Craig D Grimes ◽  
John D Raymond ◽  
Jarad B Niemi
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Gonadal Dysgenesis ◽  
P Element ◽  
Hsp70 Gene ◽  
Alternate Splicing ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
P Elements ◽  
Male Germline ◽  
Female Germline ◽  
Transposase Expression

Abstract Drosophila were genetically transformed with a hobo transgene that contains a terminally truncated but otherwise complete P element fused to the promoter from the Drosophila hsp70 gene. Insertions of this H(hsp/CP) transgene on either of the major autosomes produced the P transposase in both the male and female germlines, but not in the soma. Heat-shock treatments significantly increased transposase activity in the female germline; in the male germline, these treatments had little effect. The transposase activity of two insertions of the H(hsp/CP) transgene was not significantly greater than their separate activities, and one insertion of this transgene reduced the transposase activity of P(ry+, Δ2-3)99B, a stable P transgene, in the germline as well as in the soma. These observations suggest that, through alternate splicing, the H(hsp/CP) transgene produces a repressor that feeds back negatively to regulate transposase expression or function in both the somatic and germline tissues. The H(hsp/CP) transgenes are able to induce gonadal dysgenesis when the transposase they encode has P-element targets to attack. However, this ability and the ability to induce P-element excisions are repressed by the P cytotype, a chromosomal/cytoplasmic state that regulates P elements in the germline.

scholarly journals Drosophila melanogaster infected with Wolbachia strain w MelCS prefer cooler temperatures

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pieter A. Arnold ◽  
Samantha C. Levin ◽  
Aleksej L. Stevanovic ◽  
Karyn N. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Wolbachia Strain

Isolation of Undifferentiated Female Germline Cells from Adult Drosophila Ovaries

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Su May Lim ◽  
Motomi Osato ◽  
Toshie Kai
Keyword(s):  
Germline Cells ◽  
Female Germline ◽  
Adult Drosophila

scholarly journals Endocrine regulation of female germline stem cells in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuto Yoshinari ◽  
Yoshitomo Kurogi ◽  
Tomotsune Ameku ◽  
Ryusuke Niwa
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Endocrine Regulation ◽  
Germline Stem Cells ◽  
Female Germline

scholarly journals The Intracellular Symbiont Wolbachia pipientis Enhances Recombination in a Dose-Dependent Manner

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Kaeli N. Bryant ◽  
Irene L. G. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Wolbachia Infection ◽  
Wolbachia Strain ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Wolbachia Pipientis ◽  
Intracellular Symbiont ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Classical Genetics

Wolbachia pipientis is an intracellular alphaproteobacterium that infects 40%–60% of insect species and is well known for host reproductive manipulations. Although Wolbachia are primarily maternally transmitted, evidence of horizontal transmission can be found in incongruent host–symbiont phylogenies and recent acquisitions of the same Wolbachia strain by distantly related species. Parasitoids and predator–prey interactions may indeed facilitate the transfer of Wolbachia between insect lineages, but it is likely that Wolbachia are acquired via introgression in many cases. Many hypotheses exist to explain Wolbachia prevalence and penetrance, such as nutritional supplementation, protection from parasites, protection from viruses, or direct reproductive parasitism. Using classical genetics, we show that Wolbachia increase recombination in infected lineages across two genomic intervals. This increase in recombination is titer-dependent as the wMelPop variant, which infects at higher load in Drosophila melanogaster, increases recombination 5% more than the wMel variant. In addition, we also show that Spiroplasma poulsonii, another bacterial intracellular symbiont of D. melanogaster, does not induce an increase in recombination. Our results suggest that Wolbachia infection specifically alters its host’s recombination landscape in a dose-dependent manner.

scholarly journals Molecular Spectrum of Spontaneousde NovoMutations in Male and Female Germline Cells ofDrosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 1035-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutaka Watanabe ◽  
Aya Takahashi ◽  
Masanobu Itoh ◽  
Toshiyuki Takano-Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Spectrum ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Germline Cells ◽  
Female Germline

scholarly journals The Effects of Host Age, Host Nuclear Background and Temperature on Phenotypic Effects of the Virulent Wolbachia Strain popcorn in Drosophila melanogaster

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 164 (3) ◽  
pp. 1027-1034
Author(s):  
K Tracy Reynolds ◽  
Linda J Thomson ◽  
Ary A Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Wolbachia Strain ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Nuclear Background ◽  
Host Mortality ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Because of their obligate endosymbiotic nature, Wolbachia strains by necessity are defined by their phenotypic effects upon their host. Nevertheless, studies on the influence of host background and environmental conditions upon the manifestation of Wolbachia effects are relatively uncommon. Here we examine the behavior of the overreplicating Wolbachia strain popcorn in four different Drosophila melanogaster backgrounds at two temperatures. Unlike other strains of Wolbachia in Drosophila, popcorn has a major fitness impact upon its hosts. The rapid proliferation of popcorn causes cells to rupture, resulting in the premature death of adult hosts. Apart from this effect, we found that popcorn delayed development time, and host background influenced both this trait and the rate of mortality associated with infection. Temperature influenced the impact of popcorn upon host mortality, with no reduction in life span occurring in flies reared at 19°. No effect upon fecundity was found. Contrary to earlier reports, popcorn induced high levels of incompatibility when young males were used in tests, and CI levels declined rapidly with male age. The population dynamics of popcorn-type infections will therefore depend on environmental temperature, host background, and the age structure of the population.

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