An integrated model of environmental factors in adult asthma lung function and disease severity: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundRelationship between recurrent wheeze and airway function and inflammation in preschool children is not fully known.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between recurrent wheeze and airway inflammation, lung function, airway hyper-reactivity (AHR) and atopy in preschool children.DesignObservational study, comparing forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and mid-forced expiratory flow (FEF25%–75%), dose–response slope (DRS), exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and atopic sensitisation between children with recurrent wheeze and those without.SettingPopulation-based, cross-sectional study in Seoul and the Gyeonggi province of Korea conducted as a government-funded programme to perform standardised measurement of the prevalence of allergic diseases, and related factors, in preschool children.Participants900 children aged 4–6 years.Primary and secondary outcome measureseNO, FEV1/FVC, FEF25%–75%, DRS, atopic sensitisation and allergic diseases.MethodsChildren completed the modified International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood questionnaire and underwent eNO assessments, spirometry, methacholine bronchial provocation tests and skin prick tests. Recurrent wheeze was defined as having a lifetime wheeze of more than three episodes, based on the questionnaire. The frequency of hospitalisation and emergency room visits was also obtained by means of the questionnaire. ‘Current’ wheeze was defined as having symptoms or treatments within the past 12 months.ResultsThe prevalence of recurrent wheeze was 13.4%. Children with recurrent wheeze showed a higher prevalence of lifetime or current allergic rhinitis (p=0.01 and p=0.002, respectively) and lifetime atopic dermatitis (p=0.007). Children with recurrent wheeze showed lower FEV1/FVC (p=0.033) and FEF25%–75%(p=0.004), and higher eNO levels (p=0.013) than those without recurrent wheeze. However, the DRS, prevalence of atopic sensitisation and serum IgE levels were not significantly different between the two groups.ConclusionsRecurrent wheeze in preschool children may be associated with airway inflammation and diminished airway function, but not with AHR or atopy.

Download Full-text

Relationship between nasal mucociliary clearance and disease severity in children with allergic rhinitis: A comparative cross-sectional study

Allergologia et Immunopathologia ◽

10.1016/j.aller.2019.06.007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 137-141

Author(s):

S.B. Batmaz ◽

S. Alicura Tokgöz

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

Download Full-text

Parenting and childhood atopic dermatitis: A cross-sectional study of relationships between parenting behaviour, skin care management, and disease severity in young children

International Journal of Nursing Studies ◽

10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.09.016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 ◽

pp. 72-85 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Amy E. Mitchell ◽

Jennifer A. Fraser ◽

Alina Morawska ◽

Joanne Ramsbotham ◽

Patsy Yates

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Young Children ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Care Management ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Skin Care ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Parenting Behaviour

Download Full-text

Food-Handling Practices and Environmental Factors Associated With Food Contamination Among Street Food Vendors in Nairobi County, Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study

East African Health Research Journal ◽

10.24248/eahrj.v1i1.389 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 62-71

Author(s):

Emmah Nyambura Kariuki ◽

Zipporah Waithera Ng’ang’a ◽

Peter Wanzala

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Food Contamination ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Food Handling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Street Food ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Handling Practices ◽

Food Handling Practices

Download Full-text

Relationship between depression and lung function in the general population in Korea: a retrospective cross-sectional study

International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

10.2147/copd.s169025 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol Volume 13 ◽

pp. 2207-2213 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Youngmok Park ◽

Ji Ye Jung ◽

Young Sam Kim ◽

Kyung Soo Chung ◽

Joo Han Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Function ◽

General Population ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Download Full-text

Unhealthy alcohol use is an independent risk factor for increased COVID-19 disease severity: observational cross-sectional study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.33022 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sameer Bhalla ◽

Brihat Sharma ◽

Dale Smith ◽

Randy Boley ◽

Connor McCluskey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Use ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Alcohol Group ◽

Emergency Department Admission ◽

Unhealthy Alcohol ◽

Race Ethnicity

BACKGROUND Unhealthy alcohol use (UAU) is known to disrupt pulmonary immune mechanisms and increase the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with pneumonia; however, little is known about the effects of UAU on outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. To our knowledge, this is the first observational cross-sectional study that aims to understand the effect of UAU on the severity of COVID-19 disease. OBJECTIVE We aim to determine if UAU is associated with more severe clinical presentation and worse health outcomes related to COVID-19 and if socioeconomic status, smoking, age, body mass index (BMI), race/ethnicity, and pattern of alcohol use modify the risk. METHODS In this observational cross-sectional study, we ran a digital machine learning classifier on the electronic health record of patients who tested positive via nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 or had two COVID-19 international classification of disease codes to identify patients with UAU. We then performed a multivariable regression to examine the relationship between UAU and COVID-19 severity as measured by hospital care level, i.e. emergency department admission, emergency department admission with ventilator, or death. We used a predefined cutoff of 0.15 (optimal sensitivity and specificity) on the digital classifier to compare disease severity in patients with versus without UAU. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, smoking status, and insurance status. RESULTS Each incremental increase in the predicted probability from the digital alcohol classifier was associated with a greater odds risk for more severe COVID-19 disease(OR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.10 - 1.20). Using the predefined cut-off of 0.15 to group patients into binary unhealthy alcohol group or not, we found that the unhealthy alcohol group had a greater odds risk to develop more severe disease (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.17 - 3.06), suggesting that alcohol positive classification was associated with a 89% increase in the odds of being in a higher severity category. CONCLUSIONS In patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, UAU is an independent risk factor associated with greater disease severity and/or death.

Download Full-text