Unhealthy alcohol use is an independent risk factor for increased COVID-19 disease severity: observational cross-sectional study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Bhalla ◽  
Brihat Sharma ◽  
Dale Smith ◽  
Randy Boley ◽  
Connor McCluskey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcohol Group ◽  
Emergency Department Admission ◽  
Unhealthy Alcohol ◽  
Race Ethnicity

BACKGROUND Unhealthy alcohol use (UAU) is known to disrupt pulmonary immune mechanisms and increase the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with pneumonia; however, little is known about the effects of UAU on outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. To our knowledge, this is the first observational cross-sectional study that aims to understand the effect of UAU on the severity of COVID-19 disease. OBJECTIVE We aim to determine if UAU is associated with more severe clinical presentation and worse health outcomes related to COVID-19 and if socioeconomic status, smoking, age, body mass index (BMI), race/ethnicity, and pattern of alcohol use modify the risk. METHODS In this observational cross-sectional study, we ran a digital machine learning classifier on the electronic health record of patients who tested positive via nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 or had two COVID-19 international classification of disease codes to identify patients with UAU. We then performed a multivariable regression to examine the relationship between UAU and COVID-19 severity as measured by hospital care level, i.e. emergency department admission, emergency department admission with ventilator, or death. We used a predefined cutoff of 0.15 (optimal sensitivity and specificity) on the digital classifier to compare disease severity in patients with versus without UAU. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI, smoking status, and insurance status. RESULTS Each incremental increase in the predicted probability from the digital alcohol classifier was associated with a greater odds risk for more severe COVID-19 disease(OR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.10 - 1.20). Using the predefined cut-off of 0.15 to group patients into binary unhealthy alcohol group or not, we found that the unhealthy alcohol group had a greater odds risk to develop more severe disease (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.17 - 3.06), suggesting that alcohol positive classification was associated with a 89% increase in the odds of being in a higher severity category. CONCLUSIONS In patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, UAU is an independent risk factor associated with greater disease severity and/or death.

scholarly journals Alcohol use and mental health during COVID-19 lockdown: A cross-sectional study in a sample of UK adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 108488
Author(s):  
Louis Jacob ◽  
Lee Smith ◽  
Nicola C. Armstrong ◽  
Anita Yakkundi ◽  
Yvonne Barnett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Alcohol Use and Sexual Violence among Nursing Students in Catalonia, Spain: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 6036
Author(s):  
Concepció Fuentes-Pumarola ◽  
Zaira Reyes-Amargant ◽  
Alba Berenguer-Simon ◽  
David Ballester-Ferrando ◽  
Maria Dolors Burjalés-Martí ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Sexual Activities ◽  
Estimate Prevalence

(1) Background: Sexual violence (SV) has become common in universities for reasons related to unwanted social/peer pressures regarding alcohol/drug use and sexual activities. Objectives: To identify perceptions of SV and alcohol use and estimate prevalence among nursing students in Catalonia, Spain. (2) Methods: Observational descriptive cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of nursing students attending public universities. (3) Results: We recruited 686 students (86.11% women), who reported as follows: 68.7% had consumed alcohol, 65.6% had been drunk at least once in the previous year, 62.65% had experienced blackouts and 25.55% had felt pressured to consume alcohol. Drunkenness and blackouts were related (p < 0.000). Of the 15.6% of respondents who had experienced SV, 47.7% experienced SV while under the influence of alcohol and were insufficiently alert to stop what was happening, while 3.06% reported rape. SV was more likely to be experienced by women (OR: 2.770; CI 95%: 1.229–6.242; p = 0.014), individuals reporting a drunk episode in the previous year (OR: 2.839; 95% CI: 1.551–5.197; p = 0.001) and individuals pressured to consume alcohol (OR: 2.091; 95% CI: 1.332–3.281; p = 0.001). (4) Conclusions: Nursing instructors need to raise student awareness of both the effects of alcohol use and SV, so as to equip these future health professionals with the knowledge and skills necessary to deal with SV among young people.

scholarly journals Assessment of alcohol use disorder and its associated factors among alcohol users of medical and surgical outpatients attending a specialized hospital in Gondar, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Demeke Demilew ◽  
Berhanu Boru ◽  
Getachew Tesfaw ◽  
Habtamu Kerebih ◽  
Endalamaw Salelew
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Background Alcohol use disorder increase the risk of physical harm, mental or social consequences for patients and others in the community. Studies on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among medical and surgical outpatients in Ethiopia are limited. Therefore, this study is meant to provide essential data on alcohol use disorder and associated factors among alcohol user medical and surgical outpatients to intervene in the future. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted by using the systematic random sampling technique. Alcohol use disorders were assessed using the World Health Organization’s 10-item Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaire. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed, a P-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant in the multivariate analysis and the strength of association was measured at a 95% confidence interval. Results The prevalence of alcohol use disorder was 34.5% with a 95% CI (29.20, 39.80) among study participants. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex (AOR = 3.33, 95%CI: 1.40, 7.93), history of mental illness (AOR = 2.68, 95%CI: 1.12, 6.38), drinking for relaxation (AOR = 1.88, 95%CI: 1.02, 3.48) and history of lifetime tobacco use (AOR = 5.64, 95%CI: 1.95, 16.29) were factors significantly associated with alcohol use disorder. Conclusion The prevalence of alcohol use disorders among medical and surgical outpatients was found to be high. Male sex, history of mental illness, alcohol use for relaxation and lifetime cigarette smoking need more attention during the assessment of patients in the medical and surgical outpatient departments.

scholarly journals Tobacco and alcohol use, sexual behavior and common mental disorders among military students at the Police Academy, São Paulo, Brazil. A cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-244
Author(s):  
Arlene de Maria Perez ◽  
Isabela Martins Benseñor
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Police Academy ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The lifestyle of military personnel has been little studied in Brazil. This study evaluated the frequencies of tobacco and alcohol use, sexual behavior and mental health among military students.DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study at the Police Academy, in São Paulo.METHODS: Students answered a questionnaire about tobacco use, alcohol consumption, sexual behavior and common mental disorders (CMDs). To analyze associations among the frequencies of smoking and alcohol use, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and CMDs during the undergraduate years, we built a multinomial logistic regression model adjusted for age and sex.RESULTS: All 473 students were invited to participate and 430 (90.9%) agreed (10.5% were women). Most were white (76.6%), aged < 30 years, from the upper middle class (78.1%). The frequency of smoking was 6.5%, alcohol consumption 69.3%, STDs 14% and CMDs 15.6%. The use of condoms was low. Fourth-year students presented a lower odds ratio (OR) for STDs than the first-year students: 0.44 (95% confidence interval: 0.22-0.90). Third-year students presented a lower OR for CMDs than the first-year students.CONCLUSION: The frequencies of smoking and CMDs were low, while the frequency of alcohol consumption was similar to that of the Brazilian population. The use of condoms was low, in comparison with previous studies with similar samples. The results suggest that there was a certain degree of protection against CMDs and STDs during the undergraduate years.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study on alcoholism and its comorbidity patterns among urban adult population in Salem Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2861
Author(s):  
Dhanasekar Gurupatham ◽  
Jeevithan Shanmugam
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Salem District

Background: Alcohol use is associated with serious public health problems thereby raising the global morbidity and mortality. The main aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of alcoholism and its co morbidity pattern among urban adult population in Salem district, Tamil Nadu.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out among urban adult population in Salem district involving 493 participants. Convenient sampling method was used. Informed consent was obtained from each participant and information was collected by using a predesigned structured questionnaire. Microsoft Excel 2007 was used for data entry and SPSS version 24 was used for data analysis.Results: It was found from the study that the prevalence of alcoholism was high. Alcohol use in any form was found in 38% of the study participants. 8% of the participants confessed that alcohol is an eye opener to them. 6% of the participants lost their job and 15% of the participants were hospitalised due to alcohol.Conclusions: The study showed higher prevalence of alcohol use among urban adult population in Salem district. Awareness about the ill effects of alcoholism among the population and necessary rehabilitation will help to reduce alcoholism consumption and its related disorders.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document