First time molecular detection and phylogenetic relationships of torque teno sus virus 1 and 2 in domestic pigs in Uganda: further evidence for a global distribution

Torque teno sus virus 1 (TTSuV1a/TTSuV1b) infection is present in pig herds worldwide. This study investigated the prevalence of TTSuV1a/TTSuV1b infections in domestic pigs from some slaughterhouses in Nigeria as well as coinfection with African swine fever virus (ASFV) and described the phylogeny in relation to global strains. One hundred and eighty-one (181) blood samples from four slaughterhouses were used for the study and viral nucleic acid detection was carried out by PCR. Comparative sequence analysis was carried out to infer phylogeny. The overall prevalence of TTSuV1a/b was 17.7%. Prevalence of individual genotypes was 10.5% and 7.2% for TTSuV1a and TTSuV1b, respectively. Coinfection of ASFV/TTSuV1a/b was 7.7% while that of TTSuV1a and TTSuV1b was 1.7%. ASFV alone was detected in 11.91% of the total samples. The Nigerian TTSuV1a and TTSuV1b shared a sequence identity of 91–100% and 95–100%, respectively, among each other. The ASFV sequences were 100% identical to members of genotype 1. This is the first report on the presence of TTSuV1a/b in domestic pigs in Nigeria and coinfection with ASFV. Although the prevalence of TTSuV1a/b in Nigeria was low, we recommend further studies to establish the trend and possible role in the pathogenesis of ASFV.

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Plastid phylogenomics resolves ambiguous relationships within the orchid family and provides a solid timeframe for biogeography and macroevolution

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-83664-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maria Alejandra Serna-Sánchez ◽

Oscar A. Pérez-Escobar ◽

Diego Bogarín ◽

María Fernanda Torres-Jimenez ◽

Astrid Catalina Alvarez-Yela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Divergence Times ◽

Molecular Clocks ◽

Phylogenetic Placement ◽

Plastid Genomes ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstructions ◽

A Genome ◽

Tree Models ◽

Phylogenomic Analyses ◽

First Time

AbstractRecent phylogenomic analyses based on the maternally inherited plastid organelle have enlightened evolutionary relationships between the subfamilies of Orchidaceae and most of the tribes. However, uncertainty remains within several subtribes and genera for which phylogenetic relationships have not ever been tested in a phylogenomic context. To address these knowledge-gaps, we here provide the most extensively sampled analysis of the orchid family to date, based on 78 plastid coding genes representing 264 species, 117 genera, 18 tribes and 28 subtribes. Divergence times are also provided as inferred from strict and relaxed molecular clocks and birth–death tree models. Our taxon sampling includes 51 newly sequenced plastid genomes produced by a genome skimming approach. We focus our sampling efforts on previously unplaced clades within tribes Cymbidieae and Epidendreae. Our results confirmed phylogenetic relationships in Orchidaceae as recovered in previous studies, most of which were recovered with maximum support (209 of the 262 tree branches). We provide for the first time a clear phylogenetic placement for Codonorchideae within subfamily Orchidoideae, and Podochilieae and Collabieae within subfamily Epidendroideae. We also identify relationships that have been persistently problematic across multiple studies, regardless of the different details of sampling and genomic datasets used for phylogenetic reconstructions. Our study provides an expanded, robust temporal phylogenomic framework of the Orchidaceae that paves the way for biogeographical and macroevolutionary studies.

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The revised Permian genus Dagmarita Reitlinger, 1965 (Dagmaritinae, Foraminifera) and its phylogenetic relationships

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/jpa.2019.80 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 202-216

Author(s):

Valerio Gennari ◽

Roberto Rettori

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Thin Section ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Morphological Character ◽

Taxonomic Composition ◽

3D Reconstructions ◽

Nw Iran ◽

Smaller Foraminifers ◽

Worldwide Distribution ◽

First Time

AbstractAmong Permian smaller foraminifers, the genus Dagmarita is one of the most studied due to its worldwide distribution. The detailed study of the Zal (NW Iran) and Abadeh (Central Iran) stratigraphic sections led to redescription of the genus Dagmarita and its taxonomic composition. In Dagmarita, a peculiar generic morphological character, represented by a secondary valvular projection, has been detected for the first time among globivalvulinid foraminifers. The phylogeny of Dagmarita, and in particular its ancestor Sengoerina, is discussed and the new species, D. ghorbanii n. sp. and D. zalensis n. sp., are introduced. Analogies and differences among all the species belonging to Dagmarita are highlighted and morphological features of the new taxa are shown in 3D reconstructions, useful for understanding differently oriented sections of the specimens in thin section.UUID: http://zoobank.org/3d8eb14c-7757-4cbd-877c-4bacd2d156da

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Molecular detection and characterization of African swine fever virus from field outbreaks in domestic pigs, Mizoram, India

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases ◽

10.1111/tbed.14384 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tridib Kumar Rajkhowa ◽

J. Kiran ◽

Lalthapui Hauhnar ◽

Doris Zodinpui ◽

Amitava Paul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Detection ◽

African Swine Fever Virus ◽

African Swine Fever ◽

Fever Virus ◽

Domestic Pigs

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REVISION OF THE GENUS SYNOPHROMORPHA ASHMEAD (HYMENOPTERA: CYNIPIDAE)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent119215-3 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 119 (3) ◽

pp. 215-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Alasdair J. Ritchie ◽

Joseph D. Shorthouse

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Type Species ◽

Type Locality ◽

Key To Species ◽

First Time ◽

One New Species

AbstractThe species of Synophromorpha Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) are reviewed. One new species is described (Synophromorpha kaulbarsi; type locality: Naupan, Puebla, Mexico). The previously described species (S. rubi Weld, S. sylvestris (O.S.), and S. terricola Weld) are redescribed, and a key to species is presented. All species are illustrated for the first time. Synophromorpha sylvestris is designated type-species for the genus and a lectotype is chosen. Hypotheses on the phylogenetic relationships between the species of Synophromorpha are presented.

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Molecular phylogenetic relationships of Metastrongylus nematodes with emphasis on specimens from domestic pigs in Vietnam

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x21000353 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

Author(s):

N.V. Tuyen ◽

N.T.K. Lan ◽

P.N. Doanh

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Global Scale ◽

Single Infection ◽

Parasitic Nematodes ◽

Nucleotide Sequence Data ◽

Wild Boars ◽

Domestic Pigs ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic

Abstract Lungworms of the genus Metastrongylus are parasitic nematodes in the respiratory tract of swine. Although they infect both wild boars and domestic pigs, studies on Metastrongylus infections in wild boars in Europe, the Americas and Africa are numerous, while those in domestic pigs are few. There are several studies analysing the molecular phylogenetic relationships of few individual Metastrongylus species with other nematode taxa, but there are no studies on the phylogenetic relationships of species within the genus Metastrongylus. In Southeast Asia, reports on swine lungworms are extremely scarce and do not include any nucleotide sequence data. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to survey Metastrongylus infection in domestic pigs raised in Dien Bien Province, Northern Vietnam, and to analyse the molecular phylogenetic relationships of Metastrongylus species. Based on morphological and molecular data, we identified two species: Metastrongylus apri and Metastrongylus pudendotectus. The prevalence of the former species was found to be significantly higher than the latter one (24.1% vs. 2.3%). We observed pigs exhibiting a coinfection with the two lungworm species or a single infection with only M. apri. However, we did not observe any pigs being infected with just M. pudendotectus. Vietnamese Metastrongylus specimens showed slight morphological and molecular differences compared to those from other countries. The molecular analyses revealed a close genetic relationship between M. apri and Metastrongylus salmi, while both these species were far distant from M. pudendotectus. The present study highlights the needs for further studies to clarify the morphological features and ecological and phylogenetic relationships of Metastrongylus species at the global scale.

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Molecular detection of African swine fever virus in apparently healthy domestic pigs in Nasarawa state, Nigeria

Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.4314/sokjvs.v14i3.4 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 26

Author(s):

SA Ayas ◽

CJ Bot ◽

AR Jambol ◽

PD Luka

Keyword(s):

Molecular Detection ◽

African Swine Fever Virus ◽

African Swine Fever ◽

Fever Virus ◽

Domestic Pigs ◽

Apparently Healthy

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Molecular Detection of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) for the First Time in Layer Farms in Bangladesh and Their Antibiotic Resistance Patterns

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8071021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 1021 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Samina Ievy ◽

Md. Saiful Islam ◽

Md. Abdus Sobur ◽

Mithun Talukder ◽

Md. Bahanur Rahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Virulence Genes ◽

Molecular Detection ◽

Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Resistance Patterns ◽

Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ◽

First Time

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes significant economic losses in poultry industries. Here, we determined for the first time in Bangladesh, the prevalence of APEC-associated virulence genes in E. coli isolated from layer farms and their antibiotic resistance patterns. A total of 99 samples comprising internal organs, feces, and air were collected from 32 layer farms. Isolation was performed by culturing samples on eosin–methylene blue agar plates, while the molecular detection of APEC was performed by PCR, and antibiograms were performed by disk diffusion. Among the samples, 36 were positive for the APEC-associated virulence genes fimC, iucD, and papC. Out of 36 isolates, 7, 18, and 11 were positive, respectively, for three virulence genes (papC, fimC, and iucD), two virulence genes, and a single virulence gene. Although the detection of virulence genes was significantly higher in the internal organs, the air and feces were also positive. The antibiograms revealed that all the isolates (100%) were resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline; 97.2%, to chloramphenicol and erythromycin; 55.5%, to enrofloxacin; 50.0%, to norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin; 19.4%, to streptomycin; 11.1%, to colistin; and 8.33%, to gentamicin. Interestingly, all the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient analysis revealed the strongest significant correlation between norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin resistance. This is the first study in Bangladesh describing the molecular detection of APEC in layer farms. Isolated APEC can now be used for detailed genetic characterization and assessing the impact on public health.

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Colaphellus palaestinus Achard, a new leaf-beetle for Europe (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Chrysomelinae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4565.3.13 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4565 (3) ◽

pp. 447

Author(s):

DAVID MIFSUD ◽

MAURO DACCORDI

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Invasive Species ◽

Related Species ◽

Leaf Beetle ◽

Global Distribution ◽

Alien Invasive Species ◽

Local News ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

First Time

Colaphellus palaestinus Achard, an alien invasive species is here reported for the first time for Europe. It was found for the first time in Malta in November 2017, and the year after thousands of individuals were observed in Malta with many photographs posted in social media and local news. Global distribution of this species and information on closely related species is also provided here. Colaphellus zarudnyi Medvedev is probably a synonym of C. palaestinus.

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