scholarly journals Workshop report: Can an understanding of the mechanisms underlying age-related loss of muscle mass and function guide exercise and other intervention strategies?

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Malcolm J Jackson ◽  
Anne McArdle ◽  
Aphrodite Vasilaki ◽  
Anna Kayani
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Workshop Report ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Molecular and phenotypic analysis of rodent models reveals conserved and species-specific modulators of human sarcopenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Börsch ◽  
Daniel J. Ham ◽  
Nitish Mittal ◽  
Lionel A. Tintignac ◽  
Eugenia Migliavacca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Analogous Data ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
And Function

AbstractSarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, affects 5–13% of individuals aged over 60 years. While rodents are widely-used model organisms, which aspects of sarcopenia are recapitulated in different animal models is unknown. Here we generated a time series of phenotypic measurements and RNA sequencing data in mouse gastrocnemius muscle and analyzed them alongside analogous data from rats and humans. We found that rodents recapitulate mitochondrial changes observed in human sarcopenia, while inflammatory responses are conserved at pathway but not gene level. Perturbations in the extracellular matrix are shared by rats, while mice recapitulate changes in RNA processing and autophagy. We inferred transcription regulators of early and late transcriptome changes, which could be targeted therapeutically. Our study demonstrates that phenotypic measurements, such as muscle mass, are better indicators of muscle health than chronological age and should be considered when analyzing aging-related molecular data.

scholarly journals Physical activity in elderly

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Cvecka ◽  
Veronika Tirpakova ◽  
Milan Sedliak ◽  
Helmut Kern ◽  
Winfried Mayr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Irreversible Process ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

Aging is a multifactorial irreversible process associated with significant decline in muscle mass and neuromuscular functions. One of the most efficient methods to counteract age-related changes in muscle mass and function is physical exercise. An alternative effective intervention to improve muscle structure and performance is electrical stimulation. In the present work we present the positive effects of physical activity in elderly and a study where the effects of a 8-week period of functional electrical stimulation and strength training with proprioceptive stimulation in elderly are compared.

scholarly journals NEUROMUSCULAR CHANGES WITH AGING AND SARCOPENIA

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
B.C. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
The Past ◽  
Conceptual Definition ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
And Function

Sarcopenia was originally conceptualized as the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass. Over the ensuing decades, the conceptual definition of sarcopenia has changed to represent a condition in older adults that is characterized by declining muscle mass and function, with “function” most commonly conceived as muscle weakness and/or impaired physical performance (e.g., slow gait speed). Findings over the past 15-years, however, have demonstrated that changes in grip and leg extensor strength are not primarily due to muscle atrophy per se, and that to a large extent, are reflective of declines in the integrity of the nervous system. This article briefly summarizes findings relating to the complex neuromuscular mechanisms that contribute to reductions in muscle function associated with advancing age, and the implications of these findings on the development of effective therapies.

scholarly journals Aging Science Talks: The role of miR-181a in age-related loss of muscle mass and function

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Maria Borja-Gonzalez ◽  
Jose C. Casas-Martinez ◽  
Brian McDonagh ◽  
Katarzyna Goljanek-Whysall
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function

A transgenic approach to understanding age-related loss of muscle mass and function

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. S261
Author(s):  
A. McArdle⁎ ◽  
A. Kayani ◽  
A. Vasilaki ◽  
G. Sakellariou ◽  
M. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function

DIETARY PROTEIN TO MAINTAIN MUSCLE MASS IN AGING: A CASE FOR PER-MEAL PROTEIN RECOMMENDATIONS

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
C.H. MURPHY ◽  
S.Y. OIKAWA ◽  
S.M. PHILLIPS
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Muscle Protein Synthesis ◽  
Dietary Advice ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Meal Protein ◽  
Single Meal ◽  
And Function

It is well accepted that daily protein intake is an important dietary consideration to limit and treat age-related declines in muscle mass, strength, and function. Furthermore, we propose that there is a growing appreciation for the need to consider protein intake on a per-meal basis rather than simply focusing on the total daily protein intake. The existence of a saturable dose-response relationship between muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and the quantity of protein consumed in a single meal/bolus provides the rationale for promoting an even/balanced pattern of daily protein intake. We hypothesize that a balanced/even protein intake pattern with the ingestion a quantity of protein shown to optimally stimulate MPS at each meal may be an effective strategy to alleviate sarcopenic muscle loss. In this review we examine the available evidence supporting the influence of dietary protein intake pattern on muscle protein turnover, muscle mass, and muscle function. We present several practical considerations that, it is proposed, should be taken into account when translating a per-meal protein recommendation into dietary advice for older adults.

scholarly journals Physical activity as intervention for age-related loss of muscle mass and function: protocol for a randomised controlled trial (the LISA study)

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e012951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Skou Eriksen ◽  
Ellen Garde ◽  
Nina Linde Reislev ◽  
Cathrine Lawaetz Wimmelmann ◽  
Theresa Bieler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Resistance training and sarcopenia

2016 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Giallauria ◽  
Antonio Cittadini ◽  
Neil Andrew Smart ◽  
Carlo Vigorito
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Muscle Growth ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
And Function ◽  
Hormonal Milieu

<p>Aging is inexorably accompanied by a progressive decline of muscle mass, quality and strength. The resulting condition has been termed sarcopenia. Age-related sarcopenia can be accelerated by a variety of factors including changes in the hormonal milieu, inactivity, poor nutrition, chronic illness, and loss of integrity and function in the peripheral and central nervous systems. The downstream mechanisms by which these risk factors cause sarcopenia are not completely understood. Exercise training (particularly resistance training) has long been identified as the most promising method for increasing muscle mass and strength among older people. New interventions aimed at preventing muscle atrophy, promoting muscle growth and ultimately, maintaining muscle functions during aging are discussed. Understanding how age affects muscle-related gene expression, protein recycling and resynthesis, post-translational modification and turnover will be crucial to identify new treatment options. </p><p><strong>Riassunto</strong></p><p>L’invecchiamento è inesorabilmente accompagnato da un progressivo declino della massa, della qualità e della forza muscolare. La conseguente condizione viene definita sarcopenia. La sarcopenia correlata all’invecchiamento può essere accelerata da una serie di fattori tra cui le modifiche degli equilibri ormonali, la sedentarietà, la scarsa nutrizione, le patologie croniche, e la perdita di integrità e funzione del sistema nervoso centrale e periferico. I meccanismi attraverso i quali questi fattori causano sarcopenia sono ancora non completamente chiari. L’esercizio fisico (in particolare il training di resistenza) è da tempo identificato come una delle più promettenti stratefie per aumentare la massa muscolare e la forza negli anziani. Interventi mirati a prevenire la atrofia muscolare, a promuovere la crescita muscolare e, in ultima analisi, preservare le funzioni muscolari durante l’invecchiamento verranno discussi. Comprendere come l’invecchiamento interferisce con l’espressione genica ai livello muscolare, con i sistemi di riciclo e resintesi proteica, con le modifiche post-traslatzionali e il turnover, sarà cruciale per identificare e implementare nuove strategie terapeutiche.</p>

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