scholarly journals Physical activity in elderly

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Cvecka ◽  
Veronika Tirpakova ◽  
Milan Sedliak ◽  
Helmut Kern ◽  
Winfried Mayr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Irreversible Process ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

Aging is a multifactorial irreversible process associated with significant decline in muscle mass and neuromuscular functions. One of the most efficient methods to counteract age-related changes in muscle mass and function is physical exercise. An alternative effective intervention to improve muscle structure and performance is electrical stimulation. In the present work we present the positive effects of physical activity in elderly and a study where the effects of a 8-week period of functional electrical stimulation and strength training with proprioceptive stimulation in elderly are compared.

scholarly journals Physical activity as intervention for age-related loss of muscle mass and function: protocol for a randomised controlled trial (the LISA study)

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e012951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Skou Eriksen ◽  
Ellen Garde ◽  
Nina Linde Reislev ◽  
Cathrine Lawaetz Wimmelmann ◽  
Theresa Bieler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Effect of Physical Activity on Age-Related Changes in Cardiac Function and Performance in Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djordje G. Jakovljevic ◽  
Lida Papakonstantinou ◽  
Andrew M. Blamire ◽  
Guy A. MacGowan ◽  
Roy Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Age Related Changes

Beyond Physical Exercise: The Role of Nutrition, Gut Microbiota and Nutraceutical Supplementation in Reducing Age-related Sarcopenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antara Banerjee ◽  
Francesco Marotta ◽  
Yashna Chabria ◽  
Sruthi Hari ◽  
Roberto Catanzaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Physical Dependence ◽  
Nutritional Supplementation ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function

Sarcopenia, a commonly prevalent geriatric condition mainly characterized by progressive loss of the skeletal muscle mass that result in noticeable reduced muscle strength and quality. Most of the geriatric population of above 60 years of age are overweight leading to the accumulation of fat in the muscles resulting in abated muscle function. The increased loss of muscle mass is associated with high rates of disability, poor motility, frailty and mortality. The excessive degeneration of muscles is now also being observed in middle aged people. Therefore, geriatrics has recently started shifting towards the identification of early stages of the disability in order to expand the life span of the patient and reduce physical dependence. Recent findings have indicated that patients with increased physical activity are also affected by sarcopenia, therefore indicating the role of nutritional supplements to enhance muscle health which in turn helps to counteract sarcopenia. Various interventions with physical trainings haven’t provided substantial improvements of this disorder thereby highlighting the crucial role of nutritional supplementation in enhancing muscle mass and strength. Nutritional supplementation has not only shown to enhance the positive effects of physical interventions but also have a profound impact on the gut microbiome that has come forward as a key regulator of muscle mass and function. This brief review throws light upon the efficiency of nutrients and nutraceutical supplementation by highlighting their ancillary effects in physical interventions as well as improving the gut microbiome status in sarcopenic adults thereby giving rise to a multimodal intervention for the treatment of sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Molecular and phenotypic analysis of rodent models reveals conserved and species-specific modulators of human sarcopenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Börsch ◽  
Daniel J. Ham ◽  
Nitish Mittal ◽  
Lionel A. Tintignac ◽  
Eugenia Migliavacca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Analogous Data ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
And Function

AbstractSarcopenia, the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, affects 5–13% of individuals aged over 60 years. While rodents are widely-used model organisms, which aspects of sarcopenia are recapitulated in different animal models is unknown. Here we generated a time series of phenotypic measurements and RNA sequencing data in mouse gastrocnemius muscle and analyzed them alongside analogous data from rats and humans. We found that rodents recapitulate mitochondrial changes observed in human sarcopenia, while inflammatory responses are conserved at pathway but not gene level. Perturbations in the extracellular matrix are shared by rats, while mice recapitulate changes in RNA processing and autophagy. We inferred transcription regulators of early and late transcriptome changes, which could be targeted therapeutically. Our study demonstrates that phenotypic measurements, such as muscle mass, are better indicators of muscle health than chronological age and should be considered when analyzing aging-related molecular data.

Age-Related Changes in Morphology and Function of Scapular Muscles in Asymptomatic People

PM&R ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 892-900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhei Morise ◽  
Takayuki Muraki ◽  
Hiroaki Ishikawa ◽  
Shin-Ichi Izumi
Keyword(s):  
Age Related ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

scholarly journals Regenerative Medicine Approaches for Age-Related Muscle Loss and Sarcopenia: A Mini-Review

Gerontology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 580-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Diego Naranjo ◽  
Jenna L. Dziki ◽  
Stephen F. Badylak
Keyword(s):  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Muscle Physiology ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Function ◽  
Age Related Changes

Sarcopenia is a complex and multifactorial disease that includes a decrease in the number, structure and physiology of muscle fibers, and age-related muscle mass loss, and is associated with loss of strength, increased frailty, and increased risk for fractures and falls. Treatment options are suboptimal and consist of exercise and nutrition as the cornerstone of therapy. Current treatment principles involve identification and modification of risk factors to prevent the disease, but these efforts are of limited value to the elderly individuals currently affected by sarcopenia. The development of new and effective therapies for sarcopenia is challenging. Potential therapies can target one or more of the proposed multiple etiologies such as the loss of regenerative capacity of muscle, age-related changes in the expression of signaling molecules such as growth hormone, IGF-1, myostatin, and other endocrine signaling molecules, and age-related changes in muscle physiology like denervation and mitochondrial dysfunction. The present paper reviews regenerative medicine strategies that seek to restore adequate skeletal muscle structure and function including exogenous delivery of cells and pharmacological therapies to induce myogenesis or reverse the physiologic changes that result in the disease. Approaches that modify the microenvironment to provide an environment conducive to reversal and mitigation of the disease represent a potential regenerative medicine approach that is discussed herein.

scholarly journals Age-Related Changes in Thymic Central Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayashree Srinivasan ◽  
Jessica N. Lancaster ◽  
Nandini Singarapu ◽  
Laura P. Hale ◽  
Lauren I. R. Ehrlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Negative Selection ◽  
Thymic Epithelial Cells ◽  
Central Tolerance ◽  
Adult Transition ◽  
Treg Function ◽  
Age Related ◽  
And Function ◽  
Antigen Presenting ◽  
Age Related Changes

Thymic epithelial cells (TECs) and hematopoietic antigen presenting cells (HAPCs) in the thymus microenvironment provide essential signals to self-reactive thymocytes that induce either negative selection or generation of regulatory T cells (Treg), both of which are required to establish and maintain central tolerance throughout life. HAPCs and TECs are comprised of multiple subsets that play distinct and overlapping roles in central tolerance. Changes that occur in the composition and function of TEC and HAPC subsets across the lifespan have potential consequences for central tolerance. In keeping with this possibility, there are age-associated changes in the cellular composition and function of T cells and Treg. This review summarizes changes in T cell and Treg function during the perinatal to adult transition and in the course of normal aging, and relates these changes to age-associated alterations in thymic HAPC and TEC subsets.

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