scholarly journals Transcriptome profiling of resistance response to Meloidogyne chitwoodi introgressed from wild species Solanum bulbocastanum into cultivated potato

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sapinder Bali ◽  
Kelly Vining ◽  
Cynthia Gleason ◽  
Hassan Majtahedi ◽  
Charles R. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Differential Gene Expression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Site Formation ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Solanum Bulbocastanum ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Meloidogyne Chitwoodi ◽  
Differential Gene

Abstract Background Meloidogyne chitwoodi commonly known as Columbia root-knot nematode or CRKN is one of the most devastating pests of potato in the Pacific Northwest of the United States of America. In addition to the roots, it infects potato tubers causing internal as well as external defects, thereby reducing the market value of the crop. Commercial potato varieties with CRKN resistance are currently unavailable. Race specific resistance to CRKN has been introgressed from the wild, diploid potato species Solanum bulbocastanum into the tetraploid advanced selection PA99N82–4 but there is limited knowledge about the nature of its resistance mechanism. In the present study, we performed histological and differential gene expression profiling to understand the mode of action of introgressed CRKN resistance in PA99N82–4 in comparison to the CRKN susceptible variety Russet Burbank. Results Histological studies revealed that the nematode juveniles successfully infect both resistant and susceptible root tissue by 48 h post inoculation, but the host resistance response restricts nematode feeding site formation in PA99N82–4. Differential gene expression analysis shows that 1268, 1261, 1102 and 2753 genes were up-regulated in PA99N82–4 at 48 h, 7 days, 14 days and 21 days post inoculation respectively, of which 61 genes were common across all the time points. These genes mapped to plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormonal signaling, antioxidant activity and cell wall re-enforcement pathways annotated for potato. Conclusion The introgressed nematode resistance in PA99N82–4 is in the form of both pattern-triggered immune response and effector-triggered immune response, which is mediated by accumulation of reactive oxygen species and hypersensitive response (HR). Salicylic acid is playing a major role in the HR. Polyamines and suberin (a component of the Casperian strip in roots) also play an important role in mediating the resistance response. The present study provides the first ever comprehensive insights into transcriptional changes among M. chitwoodi resistant and susceptible potato genotypes after nematode inoculation. The knowledge generated in the present study has implications in breeding for CRKN resistance in potato.

scholarly journals 2519. Urban vs Rural HIV-infected Persons Have Differential Gene Expression for Estrogen Signaling, Inflammation, and Cytokine Production Pathways

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S875-S875
Author(s):  
Katherine R Schafer ◽  
Damani A Piggott ◽  
Peter Abadir ◽  
Kip Zimmerman ◽  
Carl Langefeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
African American ◽  
Differential Gene Expression ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Estrogen Signaling ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Differential Gene ◽  
Rural Group

Abstract Background People aging with HIV (PAWH) are living longer with effective antiretroviral therapy and new HIV diagnoses are rising in older populations. Concurrent with trends in age, the epidemiology of HIV infection in the United States has shifted geographically and racially; the Southeast and African Americans now have the highest HIV incidence and prevalence. Although there are marked health disparities for rural and African American PAWH, limited data exist comparing aging phenotypes between rural and urban PAWH, and no data exist comparing mechanistic pathways between these populations. Among African American PAWH, we hypothesize that rural PAWH will be more likely than urban PAWH to have a molecular profile of advanced aging associated with chronic disease burden and shorter health span. Methods Demographics, clinical data, and RNA were collected from 14 matched pairs from rural (Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC) and urban cohorts (ALiVE cohort, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD) matched on age, sex, Short Physical Performance Battery score, smoking status, and sample collection date. Raw sequences were examined for quality, aligned using STAR, and normalized using DESeq2. DESeq2 tested matched pair differential gene expression. Genes with an average read count threshold > 5, a genomic control adjusted P-value < 0.01 and a fold change > 1.3 were retained for further analysis using STRING, MCODE, and IPA to find functional and biological patterns. Results Of the 399 genes meeting significance criteria, 212 showed higher expression in the rural group; the remaining 187 genes showed lower expression in the rural group. Top enriched canonical pathways in the IPA analysis identified differential estrogen signaling (P < 0.0001), inflammation (P < 0.001), and cytokine production (p = 0.005). Protein–protein interactions involved in cell–cell signaling and intracellular trafficking were also differentially identified between the 2 populations. Conclusion Urban and rural PAWH have differential gene expression, particularly centered around estrogen signaling and inflammatory cytokine production. These findings merit further investigation to determine clinical significance, including correlation with phenotypes and healthspan between rural and urban PAWH. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic analysis of differential gene expression reveals an increase in COX2 levels during in vitro canine herpesvirus infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Kazue Kurissio ◽  
João Pessoa Araújo Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Viral Replication ◽  
Differential Gene Expression ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Transcriptomic Analysis ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Herpesvirus Infection ◽  
Canine Herpesvirus ◽  
Differential Gene

ABSTRACT: Canine herpesvirus (CaHV-1) affects canids worldwide, causing death in neonates and immunosuppressed hosts. Acute infection by CaHV-1 can cause reproductive, respiratory, and neurological problems in adult animals. Viral pathogenesis and host genes expressions during of CaHV-1infection are not clearly understood. In the present study, the transcriptome of canine kidney cell Mardin-Darby (MDCK) infected in vitro with canine herpesvirus was explored. For this, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of the samples in different moments during infection was carried out. Subsequently, the transcriptomic analysis genes related to cell activities and process involved to viral cycle infection were evaluated until 32h post-inoculation (pi). Among evaluated genes, was verified a significant and gradative increase of the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) or cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) gene expression, throughout of infection, though differential gene expression analysis and validated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). High COX2 expression is usually induced in response to inflammation, pathogens or activation of the immune system but can be a viral mechanism to favor viral replication. Thus, COX2 level increase can be a favorable factor for viral infection with Cahv-1 virus and the use of selective COX2 inhibitors may be beneficial for limiting the infection or clinical signs by causing interruption of the viral replication cycle during active infection. Additionally, the regulation genes expression differential verified in this study can contribute to determining important targets for inhibiting canine herpesvirus infection either by cellular or viral mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Immune Response in Patients with SARS: differential gene expression profiling.

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Natesan Pushparaj ◽  
Peter Natesan Pushparaj ◽  
Jayapal Manikandan ◽  
Alirio Jose Melendez
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Gene Expression Profiling ◽  
Differential Gene Expression ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Differential Gene

Comparative transcriptome of compatible and incompatible interaction of Erysiphe pisi and garden pea reveals putative defense and pathogenicity factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheetal M Bhosle ◽  
Ragiba Makandar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Differential Gene Expression ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Major Pathway ◽  
Differential Gene

Abstract Comparative transcriptome analysis of E. pisi-infected pea (Pisum sativum) genotypes JI-2480 (resistant) and Arkel (susceptible) at 72 hours post inoculation (hpi) was carried to detect molecular components involved in compatible and incompatible interactions. Differential gene expression was observed in Arkel and JI-2480 genotype at 72 hpi with E. pisi isolate (Ep01) using EdgeR software. Out of 32 217 transcripts, 2755 transcripts showed significantly altered gene expression in case of plants while 530 were related to E. pisi (P &lt; 0.05). High transcript number of differentially expressed genes demonstrated peak activity of pathogenicity genes in planta at 72 hpi. Glycolysis was observed to be the major pathway for energy source during fungal growth. Differential gene expression of plant transcripts revealed significant expression of putative receptor and regulatory sequences involved in defense in the resistant, JI-2480 compared to susceptible, Arkel genotype. Expression of genes involved in defense and hormonal signaling, genes related to hypersensitive response, reactive oxygen species and phenylpropanoid pathway in JI-2480 indicated their crucial role in disease resistance against E. pisi. Down-regulation of transcription factors like-WRKY-28 and up-regulation of several putative pattern recognition receptors in JI-2480 compared to Arkel also suggested activation of host-mediated defense responses against E. pisi in pea.

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