Transcriptome analysis reveals a molecular understanding of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on meat quality of broilers under high stocking density

Recently, consumers have paid an attention to animal-friendly meat. The aim of the study was to evaluate the meat quality of breast muscles in indoor and free-range chickens with respect to the stocking density of outdoor chickens (8.3 or 4.15 birds per m<sup>2</sup>) fed feed with rapeseed oil. The free-range chickens reached 96 and 97% of the final live weight of the indoor chickens and their feed : gain ratio was by 7 and 9% higher. The pasture intake had a small effect on the breast meat quality and was presumably associated with rapeseed oil in the basal diet which strongly influenced meat monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid content and reduced the effect of pasture. The free-range system and lower stocking density led to an increase in muscle fibre cross-sectional area and diameter and a higher meat shear force (P = 0.003). Concerning the meat sensory properties, the total acceptability of the meat of free-range chickens with a lower stocking density was found to be lower compared with the other groups.esults indicate a minor effect of the rearing system and free-range stocking density on chicken meat quality, and also that meat quality in experiments with free-range housing can be affected by a fat source in basal diet.

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Transcriptome analysis reveals a molecular understanding of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on meat quality of broilers under high stocking density

10.21203/rs.2.16378/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuqin Wu ◽

Youli Wang ◽

Dafei Yin ◽

Tahir Mahmood ◽

Jianmin Yuan

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Inflammatory Response ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Mitochondrial Function ◽

Muscle Development ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Breast Muscle ◽

Control Group ◽

Density Control

Abstract Background In recent years, increased attention has been focused on breast muscle yield and meat quality in poultry production. Supplementation with nicotinamide and butyrate sodium can improve the meat quality of broilers. However, the potential molecular mechanism is not clear yet. This study was designed to investigate the effects of supplementation with a combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on breast muscle transcriptome of broilers under high stocking density. A total of 300 21-d-old Cobb broilers were randomly allocated into 3 groups based on stocking density: low stocking density control group (L; 14 birds/m 2 ), high stocking density control group (H; 18 birds/m 2 ), and high stocking density group provided with a combination of 50 mg/kg nicotinamide and 500 mg/kg butyrate sodium (COMB; 18 birds/m 2 ), raised to 42 days of age. Results The H group significantly increased cooking losses, pH decline and activity of lactate dehydrogenase in breast muscle when compared with the L group. COMB showed a significant decrease in these indices by comparison with the H group ( P < 0.05). The transcriptome results showed that key genes involved in glycolysis, proteolysis and immune stress were up-regulated whereas those relating to muscle development, cell adhesion, cell matrix and collagen were down-regulated in the H group as compared to the L group. In contrast, genes related to muscle development, hyaluronic acid, mitochondrial function, and redox pathways were up-regulated while those associated with inflammatory response, acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and glycolysis pathway were down-regulated in the COMB group when compared with the H group. Conclusions The combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium may improve muscle quality by enhancing mitochondrial function and antioxidant capacity, inhibiting inflammatory response and glycolysis, and promoting muscle development and hyaluronic acid synthesis.

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Effect of season and stocking density during transport on carcass and meat quality of suckling lambs

Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.5424/sjar/2013112-3274 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 394 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. Sanchez-Sanchez ◽

C. Vieira-Aller ◽

J. De-La-Fuente-Vazquez ◽

C. Perez-Marcos ◽

S. Lauzurica-Gomez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Stocking Density

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Effects of Stocking Density on the Growth Performance, Immune Status and Breast Meat Quality of Broiler

Korean Journal of Poultry Science ◽

10.5536/kjps.2021.48.1.13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 13-22

Author(s):

Hee-Jin Kim ◽

Jin-Joo Jeon ◽

Hyun-soo Kim ◽

Jiseon Son ◽

Kwang-Yeol Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Immune Status ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Breast Meat

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Transcriptome analysis reveals a molecular understanding of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on meat quality of broilers under high stocking density

10.21203/rs.2.16378/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuqin Wu ◽

Youli Wang ◽

Dafei Yin ◽

Tahir Mahmood ◽

Jianmin Yuan

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Inflammatory Response ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Mitochondrial Function ◽

Muscle Development ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Breast Muscle ◽

Control Group ◽

Density Control

Abstract Background: In recent years, increased attention has been focused on breast muscle yield and meat quality in poultry production. Supplementation with nicotinamide and butyrate sodium can improve the meat quality of broilers. However, the potential molecular mechanism is not clear yet. This study was designed to investigate the effects of supplementation with a combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on breast muscle transcriptome of broilers under high stocking density. A total of 300 21-d-old Cobb broilers were randomly allocated into 3 groups based on stocking density: low stocking density control group (L; 14 birds/m2), high stocking density control group (H; 18 birds/m2), and high stocking density group provided with a combination of 50 mg/kg nicotinamide and 500 mg/kg butyrate sodium (COMB; 18 birds/m2), raised to 42 days of age. Results: The H group significantly increased cooking losses, pH decline and activity of lactate dehydrogenase in breast muscle when compared with the L group. COMB showed a significant decrease in these indices by comparison with the H group (P < 0.05). The transcriptome results showed that key genes involved in glycolysis, proteolysis and immune stress were up-regulated whereas those relating to muscle development, cell adhesion, cell matrix and collagen were down-regulated in the H group as compared to the L group. In contrast, genes related to muscle development, hyaluronic acid, mitochondrial function, and redox pathways were up-regulated while those associated with inflammatory response, acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and glycolysis pathway were down-regulated in the COMB group when compared with the H group. Conclusions: The combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium may improve muscle quality by enhancing mitochondrial function and antioxidant capacity, inhibiting inflammatory response and glycolysis, and promoting muscle development and hyaluronic acid synthesis.

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Evaluation of health status and meat quality of dumbo catfish Clarias gariepinus maintained using the biofloc system

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia ◽

10.19027/jai.19.2.190-198 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 190-198

Author(s):

Anang Fajrin ◽

Nurbambang Priyo Utomo ◽

Julie Ekasari ◽

Sri Nuryati

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Clarias Gariepinus ◽

Stocking Density ◽

African Catfish ◽

Fish Stocking ◽

Commercial Feed ◽

Fish Survival

This research aimed to evaluate the health status, growth performance, and meat quality of African catfish Clariasgariepinus maintained in biofloc and nonbiofloc systems. This study applied 3 treatments with 4 replications, i.e.K500 (control, a non-biofloc system at a fish stocking density of 500/m3), BF500 (biofloc system at a fish stockingdensity of 500/m3), and BF700 (biofloc system at a fish stocking density of 700 /m3). The initial body length andbodyweight of the fish used in this experiment were 10–12 cm and 10–12g, respectively. Feeding was done byusing a commercial feed containing 29.76% protein content. The results showed that fish survival in treatmentsBF500 and BF700 were significantly different (P<0.05) from the control. The growth rate of African catfish in thecontrol (K) was the lowest (3.64 ± 0.56%) among the treatments. The results of the organosensory test showed thatthe application of biofloc systems produced a higher quality of fish meat with a range value of 7–9 compared to thatof the control with a range of 6–7. In conclusion, the application of biofloc systems could improve the fish healthstatus, growth performance, and meat quality of African catfish. Keywords: biofloc systems, Clarias gariepinus, density, health status, meat quality ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi status kesehatan, kinerja pertumbuhan, dan kualitas daging ikan lele AfrikaClarias gariepinus yang dipelihara menggunakan sistem bioflok dan nonbioflok. Penelitian ini menggunakan 3perlakuan dengan 4 kali ulangan, yang terdiri dari: K500 (kontrol, sistem nonbioflok dengan kepadatan ikan 500ekor/m3), perlakuan BF500 (sistem bioflok dengan kepadatan ikan 500 ekor/m3), dan perlakuan BF700 (sistembioflok dengan kepadatan ikan 700 ekor/m3). Ikan yang digunakan berukuran panjang dan bobot awal masingmasing10–12 cm dan 10–12 g. Pemberian pakan dilakukan dengan menggunakan pakan komersil dengan 29,76%protein. Hasil penelitian menunjukan tingkat kelangsungan hidup antara perlakuan BF500 dan BF700 berbeda nyata(P<0.05) dengan perlakuan K500. Laju pertumbuhan ikan lele pada perlakuan K500 lebih rendah dibandingkanperlakuan lain. Hasil pengujian organosensory menunjukkan bahwa ikan yang dipelihara dalam sistem bioflokmenghasilkan kualitas daging yang lebih tinggi dengan kisaran nilai 7–9 dibandingkan dengan ikan K500 dengannilai 6–7. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa aplikasi sistem bioflok dapat meningkatkanstatus kesehatan, laju pertumbuhan, dan kualitas daging ikan lele Afrika. Kata kunci: bioflok, Clarias gariepinus, kepadatan, kualitas daging, status kesehatan

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Factors influencing the welfare and carcass and meat quality of pigs 1. The effects of stocking density in transport and the use of electric goads

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0003356100032724 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 511-515 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

H. J. Guise ◽

R. H. C. Penny

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Significant Interaction ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Longissimus Dorsi ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Fibre Optic Probe ◽

Optic Probe ◽

In Transit ◽

Density Treatment

ABSTRACTThis experiment was designed to study the effects of stocking density in transit and the use of electric goads on pig welfare and subsequent meat quality. Sixty-four pens, totalling 1400 commercial crossbred hybrid pigs, were transported from a farm to a large commercial abattoir at either high (0·3 m2 per pig) or low (>0·4 m2 per pig) stocking densities. The lorry drivers loaded and unloaded the pens of pigs at either end of their journey with, or without, an electric goad. Similarly, lairage men moved groups of pigs from their lairage pens to the stunning and slaughter area with, or without, goads. Consequently, eight possible treatment combinations arose from this 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment. About 20 h after slaughter, the fibre optic probe (FOP) value of the longissimus dorsi muscle was recorded and carcasses were scored for the extent of skin blemish. Pigs in high stocking density groups (HSD) had lower FOP values than those on low stocking density groups (LSD) (P < 0·05) and more severe skin blemish (P < 0·001). The effect of goading in transport or in the lairage, had no significant effect on the FOP values. However, the skin blemish data showed a significant interaction between the use of goads during transport and the stocking density treatment (P < 0·05). This interaction implied that the use of goads when loading pigs at a HSD was associated with a reduction in skin blemish. Conversely, the lowest skin blemish frequency was observed in the LSD treatment group handled without the aid of goads. Pigs in the HSD groups were visibly more skin damaged and exhibited evidence of rectal prolapse which was absent in pigs transported at LSD. Lower stocking densities are to be recommended as carcass, meat quality and pig welfare are probably improved. The use of goads is associated with a higher degree of carcass damage unless pigs are to be densely packed during transport.

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Effect of stocking density and group size on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of outdoor-reared rabbits

Meat Science ◽

10.1016/j.meatsci.2012.08.012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 93 (2) ◽

pp. 162-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Gisella Paci ◽

Giovanna Preziuso ◽

Maria D’Agata ◽

Claudia Russo ◽

Antonella Dalle Zotte

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Group Size ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Stocking Density

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Welfare and meat quality of lambs

Veterinarski glasnik ◽

10.2298/vetgl210126006n ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 6-6

Author(s):

Katarina Nenadovic ◽

Nikola Cobanovic ◽

Marijana Vucinic ◽

Dejan Bugarski ◽

Tomislav Mikus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Severe Pneumonia ◽

Meat Production ◽

Sheep Meat ◽

Lamb Meat ◽

Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽

Sensory Color

Recently, in many parts of the world, greater importance has been given to lamb meat as well as to the intensive production of lamb and sheep, due to demand for this type of meat at affordable prices. In Serbia, similar to most European countries, the structure of total sheep meat production comprises about 70% lamb meat and 30% sheep meat. This study assessed resource-based measures on 11 dairy sheep farms and investigated, in a total of 30 lambs, the effects of sex, the presence of bruises and pneumonia in carcasses, and carcass and meat quality. Carcass (carcass length, thigh length, croup width, subcutaneous fat thickness, presence of bruises) and meat quality (pH, temperature, drip, thawing and cooking losses, color, and meat quality classes) traits were measured post mortem. The most common deficiencies on farms were high stocking density, poor hygienic conditions, dirty drinkers, and lack of outdoor access. Regarding sex differences, higher prevalences of carcass bruises and severe pneumonia were recorded in male lambs. Meat pH (pH45min), sensory color score, and prevalence of dark, firm and dry (DFD) meat were higher in lambs with carcass bruises. The occurrence of quality defects (DFD meat) was higher in lambs with severe pneumonia. It can be concluded that it is necessary to improve the welfare conditions on the lamb farms and pre-slaughter conditions in order to achieve better lamb meat quality.

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