scholarly journals Contrasting nitrogen fertilization treatments impact xylem gene expression and secondary cell wall lignification in Eucalyptus

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Leal Oliveira Camargo ◽  
Leandro Costa Nascimento ◽  
Marçal Soler ◽  
Marcela Mendes Salazar ◽  
Jorge Lepikson-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall

scholarly journals Fusarium head blight resistance in European winter wheat: insights from genome-wide transcriptome analysis

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Buerstmayr ◽  
Christian Wagner ◽  
Tetyana Nosenko ◽  
Jimmy Omony ◽  
Barbara Steiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
European Winter Wheat ◽  
Fhb Resistance

Abstract Background Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of wheat worldwide. Resistance to FHB is quantitatively controlled by the combined effects of many small to medium effect QTL. Flowering traits, especially the extent of extruded anthers, are strongly associated with FHB resistance. Results To characterize the genetic basis of FHB resistance, we generated and analyzed phenotypic and gene expression data on the response to Fusarium graminearum (Fg) infection in 96 European winter wheat genotypes, including several lines containing introgressions from the highly resistant Asian cultivar Sumai3. The 96 lines represented a broad range in FHB resistance and were assigned to sub-groups based on their phenotypic FHB severity score. Comparative analyses were conducted to connect sub-group-specific expression profiles in response to Fg infection with FHB resistance level. Collectively, over 12,300 wheat genes were Fusarium responsive. The core set of genes induced in response to Fg was common across different resistance groups, indicating that the activation of basal defense response mechanisms was largely independent of the resistance level of the wheat line. Fg-induced genes tended to have higher expression levels in more susceptible genotypes. Compared to the more susceptible non-Sumai3 lines, the Sumai3-derivatives demonstrated higher constitutive expression of genes associated with cell wall and plant-type secondary cell wall biogenesis and higher constitutive and Fg-induced expression of genes involved in terpene metabolism. Gene expression analysis of the FHB QTL Qfhs.ifa-5A identified a constitutively expressed gene encoding a stress response NST1-like protein (TraesCS5A01G211300LC) as a candidate gene for FHB resistance. NST1 genes are key regulators of secondary cell wall biosynthesis in anther endothecium cells. Whether the stress response NST1-like gene affects anther extrusion, thereby affecting FHB resistance, needs further investigation. Conclusion Induced and preexisting cell wall components and terpene metabolites contribute to resistance and limit fungal colonization early on. In contrast, excessive gene expression directs plant defense response towards programmed cell death which favors necrotrophic growth of the Fg pathogen and could thus lead to increased fungal colonization.

scholarly journals Secondary cell wall composition and candidate gene expression in developing willow (Salix purpurea) stems

Planta ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 239 (5) ◽  
pp. 1041-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfang Wan ◽  
Cristina Gritsch ◽  
Theodora Tryfona ◽  
Mike J. Ray ◽  
Ambrose Andongabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Composition ◽  
Salix Purpurea

Fusarium Head Blight Resistance in European Winter Wheat: Insights From Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Buerstmayr ◽  
Christian Wagner ◽  
Tetyana Nosenko ◽  
Jimmy Omony ◽  
Barbara Steiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
European Winter Wheat ◽  
Fhb Resistance

Abstract Background Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of wheat worldwide. Resistance to FHB is quantitatively controlled by the combined effects of many small to medium effect QTL. Flowering traits, especially the extent of extruded anthers, are strongly associated with FHB resistance. Results To characterize the genetic basis of FHB resistance, we generated and analyzed phenotypic and gene expression data on the response to Fusarium graminearum (Fg) infection in 96 European winter wheat genotypes, including several lines containing introgressions from the highly resistant Asian cultivar Sumai3. The 96 lines represented a broad range in FHB resistance and were assigned to sub-groups based on their phenotypic FHB severity score. Comparative analyses were conducted to connect sub-group-specific expression profiles in response to Fg infection with FHB resistance level. Collectively, over 12300 wheat genes were Fusarium responsive. The core set of genes induced in response to Fg was common across different resistance groups, indicating that the activation of basal defense response mechanisms was largely independent of the resistance level of the wheat line. Fg-induced genes tended to have higher expression levels in more susceptible genotypes. Compared to the more susceptible non-Sumai3 lines, the Sumai3-derivatives demonstrated higher constitutive expression of genes associated with cell wall and plant-type secondary cell wall biogenesis and higher constitutive and Fg-induced expression of genes involved in terpene metabolism. Gene expression analysis of the FHB QTL Qfhs.ifa-5A identified a constitutively expressed gene encoding a stress response NST1-like protein (TraesCS5A01G211300LC) as a candidate gene for FHB resistance. NST1 genes are key regulators of secondary cell wall biosynthesis in anther endothecium cells. Whether the stress response NST1-like gene affects anther extrusion, thereby affecting FHB resistance, needs further investigation. Conclusion Induced and preexisting cell wall components and terpene metabolites contribute to resistance and limit fungal colonization early on. In contrast, excessive gene expression directs plant defense response towards programmed cell death which favors necrotrophic growth of the Fg pathogen and could thus lead to increased fungal colonization.

scholarly journals Gene expression and metabolite profiles of cotton fiber during cell elongation and secondary cell wall synthesis

Cell Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Ying Gou ◽  
Ling-Jian Wang ◽  
Shuang-Ping Chen ◽  
Wen-Li Hu ◽  
Xiao-Ya Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Cell Elongation ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Synthesis ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall Synthesis

scholarly journals MYB Transcription Factors and Its Regulation in Secondary Cell Wall Formation and Lignin Biosynthesis during Xylem Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3560
Author(s):  
Ruixue Xiao ◽  
Chong Zhang ◽  
Xiaorui Guo ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Hai Lu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Secondary Wall ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Lignin Biosynthesis ◽  
Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall Formation ◽  
Myb Transcription Factors ◽  
Wall Formation

The secondary wall is the main part of wood and is composed of cellulose, xylan, lignin, and small amounts of structural proteins and enzymes. Lignin molecules can interact directly or indirectly with cellulose, xylan and other polysaccharide molecules in the cell wall, increasing the mechanical strength and hydrophobicity of plant cells and tissues and facilitating the long-distance transportation of water in plants. MYBs (v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog) belong to one of the largest superfamilies of transcription factors, the members of which regulate secondary cell-wall formation by promoting/inhibiting the biosynthesis of lignin, cellulose, and xylan. Among them, MYB46 and MYB83, which comprise the second layer of the main switch of secondary cell-wall biosynthesis, coordinate upstream and downstream secondary wall synthesis-related transcription factors. In addition, MYB transcription factors other than MYB46/83, as well as noncoding RNAs, hormones, and other factors, interact with one another to regulate the biosynthesis of the secondary wall. Here, we discuss the biosynthesis of secondary wall, classification and functions of MYB transcription factors and their regulation of lignin polymerization and secondary cell-wall formation during wood formation.

scholarly journals Microtubule Dynamics Plays a Vital Role in Plant Adaptation and Tolerance to Salt Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5957
Author(s):  
Hyun Jin Chun ◽  
Dongwon Baek ◽  
Byung Jun Jin ◽  
Hyun Min Cho ◽  
Mi Suk Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Plant Adaptation ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Cell Wall Biogenesis

Although recent studies suggest that the plant cytoskeleton is associated with plant stress responses, such as salt, cold, and drought, the molecular mechanism underlying microtubule function in plant salt stress response remains unclear. We performed a comparative proteomic analysis between control suspension-cultured cells (A0) and salt-adapted cells (A120) established from Arabidopsis root callus to investigate plant adaptation mechanisms to long-term salt stress. We identified 50 differentially expressed proteins (45 up- and 5 down-regulated proteins) in A120 cells compared with A0 cells. Gene ontology enrichment and protein network analyses indicated that differentially expressed proteins in A120 cells were strongly associated with cell structure-associated clusters, including cytoskeleton and cell wall biogenesis. Gene expression analysis revealed that expressions of cytoskeleton-related genes, such as FBA8, TUB3, TUB4, TUB7, TUB9, and ACT7, and a cell wall biogenesis-related gene, CCoAOMT1, were induced in salt-adapted A120 cells. Moreover, the loss-of-function mutant of Arabidopsis TUB9 gene, tub9, showed a hypersensitive phenotype to salt stress. Consistent overexpression of Arabidopsis TUB9 gene in rice transgenic plants enhanced tolerance to salt stress. Our results suggest that microtubules play crucial roles in plant adaptation and tolerance to salt stress. The modulation of microtubule-related gene expression can be an effective strategy for developing salt-tolerant crops.

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