scholarly journals Erratum to: Association mapping of North American spring wheat breeding germplasm reveals loci conferring resistance to Ug99 and other African stem rust races

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bajgain ◽  
M. N. Rouse ◽  
P. Bulli ◽  
S. Bhavani ◽  
T. Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
North American ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Breeding Germplasm

scholarly journals Sources of Resistance to Stem Rust Race Ug99 in Spring Wheat Germplasm

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 762-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Rouse ◽  
R. Wanyera ◽  
P. Njau ◽  
Y. Jin
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
North American ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust

Wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) race TTKSK (Ug99), with virulence to the majority of the world's wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars, has spread from Uganda throughout eastern Africa, Yemen, and Iran. The identification and spread of variants of race TTKSK with virulence to additional stem rust resistance genes has reminded breeders and pathologists of the danger of deploying major resistance genes alone. In order to protect wheat from this rapidly spreading and adapting pathogen, multiple resistance genes are needed, preferably from improved germplasm. Preliminary screening of over 700 spring wheat breeding lines and cultivars developed at least 20 years ago identified 88 accessions with field resistance to Ug99. We included these resistant accessions in the stem rust screening nursery in Njoro, Kenya for two additional seasons. The accessions were also screened with a bulk of North American isolates of P. graminis f. sp. tritici in the field in St. Paul, MN. In order to further characterize the resistance in these accessions, we obtained seedling phenotypes for 10 races of P. graminis f. sp. tritici, including two races from the race TTKSK complex. This phenotyping led to the identification of accessions with either adult-plant or all-stage resistance to race TTKSK, and often North American races of P. graminis f. sp. tritici as well. These Ug99 resistant accessions can be obtained by breeders and introgressed into current breeding germplasm.

Association mapping and gene–gene interaction for stem rust resistance in CIMMYT spring wheat germplasm

2011 ◽  
Vol 123 (8) ◽  
pp. 1257-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long-Xi Yu ◽  
Aaron Lorenz ◽  
Jessica Rutkoski ◽  
Ravi P. Singh ◽  
Sridhar Bhavani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Germplasm

scholarly journals Association mapping of Iranian wheat genotypes to detect QTLs conferring resistance to stem rust at seedling stage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Saremirad ◽  
Mohammad Bihamta ◽  
Ali Malihipour ◽  
Khodadad Mostafavi ◽  
Hadi Alipour
Keyword(s):  
Association Mapping ◽  
Latent Period ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

Abstract Background Stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt) is an important disease of wheat in the world. Pgt pathogen is constantly evolving and creating more virulent races that break down stem rust (Sr) resistance genes. As a result, many of Sr genes have become ineffective against new Pgt races. Exploring new sources of resistance to detect new Sr genes/QTLs is very important in order to introducing them into wheat breeding programs and developing resistant wheat cultivars. The objective of the present study was to evaluate 297 Iranian wheat genotypes for resistance to stem rust at seedling stage and to detect Sr resistance genes/QTLs through association mapping (AM). Results A set of 297 Iran bread wheat cultivars and landraces were evaluated for infection type and latent period in four race of Pgt. Genotypic data of 282 genotypes were available, so AM was performed based on 282 genotypes. The results of population structure analysis showed that 277 genotypes clearly were distinguished in the three subpopulations and the other five genotypes were classified in the mixed group. The mean linkage disequilibrium decreased with increasing genetic distance. The markers did not have a uniform distribution on the genomes, so the share of each of the A, B and D genomes in commercial cultivars and landraces was approximately 37, 46 and 17%, respectively. Collectively, 69 QTLs for infection type and 62 QTLs for latent period of studied Pgt races were identified in the original dataset (P ≤ 0.001). In the imputed SNPs dataset, the number of QTLs for infection type increased to 504 QTL and for latent period increased to 454 QTLs (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the Iranian wheat genotypes are valuable source resistance to stem rust. By incorporating these genotypes into wheat breeding programs and optimizing effective resistance genes, an important step can be taken to prevent the threat of and the disease to ensure food security. This study provides additional useful information for selection of resistant genotypes against the disease by improving marker-assisted selection efficiency.

scholarly journals Genealogical Analysis of the North-American Spring Wheat Varieties with Different Resistance to Pre-harvest Sprouting

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 370-377
Author(s):  
Sergey Martynov ◽  
Tatyana Dobrotvorskaya
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
North American ◽  
Cluster Structure ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
The North ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Different Sources

AbstractA comparative analysis of genetic diversity of North American spring wheat varieties differing in resistance to pre-harvest sprouting was carried out. For identification of sources of resistance the genealogical profiles of 148 red-grained and 63 white-grained North-American spring wheat varieties with full pedigrees were calculated and estimates were made of pre-harvest sprouting. The cluster structure of the populations of red-grained and white-grained varieties was estimated. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the average contributions of landraces in the groups of resistant and susceptible varieties. Distribution of the putative sources of resistance in the clusters indicated that varieties having different genetic basis may have different sources of resistance. For red-grained varieties the genetic sources of resistance to pre-harvest sprouting are landraces Crimean, Hard Red Calcutta, and Iumillo, or Button, Kenya 9M-1A-3, and Kenya-U, or Red Egyptian and Kenya BF4-3B-10V1. Tracking of pedigrees showed these landraces contributed to the pedigrees, respectively, via Thatcher, Kenya-Farmer, and Kenya-58, which were likely donors of resistance for red-grained varieties. For white-grained varieties the sources of resistance were landraces Crimean, Hard Red Calcutta, Ostka Galicyjska, Iumillo, Akakomugi, Turco, Hybrid English, Rough Chaff White and Red King, and putative donors of resistance — Thatcher, RL2265, and Frontana. The genealogical profile of accession RL4137, the most important donor of resistance to pre-harvest sprouting in North American spring wheat breeding programmes, contains almost all identified sources of resistance.

scholarly journals Chracteristic of perspective common spring wheat accessions for resistance to foliar diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
A. S. Rsaliyev ◽  
E. I. Gultyaeva ◽  
E. L. Shaydayuk ◽  
N. M. Kovalenko ◽  
R. A. Moldazhanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Effective Group

Leaf and stem diseases (rusts and blotches) are harmful to spring wheat in all areas of its cultivation. The use of resistant varieties is an environmentally safe way of protection. The objective of the present study was to comprehensively evaluate leaf and stem disease resistance in 44 promising cultivars of soft spring wheat, as well as to identify Lr‑ and Sr‑genes in them. The accessions were obtained from the Kazakhstan‑Siberian Spring Wheat Improvement Network (KASIB) in 2017 and 2018. Wheat resistance to leaf and stem rust, to septoriosis and to tan spot was evaluated in field conditions in Southern Kazakhstan (infection plot at the Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems). Wheat seedlings resistance to septoriosis, leaf and stem rust was evaluated under laboratory conditions. The Lr and Sr genes were identified using a phytopathological test and molecular markers. Field studies resulted in selection of two lines, Lut. KS 14/09‑2 and SPCHS 69, with highly effective group resistance to rusts and blotches. By using molecular markers, the gene cluster Lr34/Sr57/Yr18/Pm38, Lr1 gene, and wheat‑rye translocation 1BL.1RS carrying genes Lr26/Sr31/Yr9/Pm8 were detected in Lut. KS 14/09‑2. A translocation from wheatgrass with highly effective genes of resistance to stem (Sr24) and leaf (Lr24) rusts, as well as 1AL.1RS translocation from rye with a complex of effective genes of resistance to fungous diseases and pests were detected in the line SPCHS 69. Eight wheat lines (Lut. 393/05, Lut. 2028, Lut. 261, Lut. 1103, Lut. 22‑17, Lut. 37‑17, line 4‑10‑16, Stepnaya 245) appeared to be resistant to Stagonospora nodorum blotch and tan spot; and four varieties (OmGAU‑100, Element 22, Stolypinskaya 2, and Silach) demonstrated resistance to leaf and stem rust. The molecular marker analysis showed moderate genetic diversity of the studied collection in terms of resistance genes. The genes Lr1, Lr9, Lr10, Lr19/Sr25, Lr24/Sr24, Lr26/Sr31/Yr9/Pm8, Lr34/Sr57/Yr18/Pm38, Lr37/Sr38/Yr17, both separately and in different combinations, were detected in the tested accessions. The evaluated material may be recommended for the use in wheat breeding for disease resistance in Russia and in Kazakhstan.

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