The relationship between arterial stiffness index and coronary heart disease and its severity

Abstract Background Arterial stiffness index (ASI) is closely related to coronary atherosclerosis. This study aims to explore whether ASI can predict coronary heart disease (CHD) and its severity. Methods In this study, a total of 726 patients with suspected CHD were recruited. Based on coronary angiography results, the subjects were assigned into three groups: the control group (without obvious coronary artery disease), single-vessel disease group, and multi-vessel disease group (the number of vessels diseased ≥ 2). At the same time, according to the results of angiography, myocardial enzyme spectrum, electrocardiogram, color Doppler echocardiography and clinical manifestations, these patients were divided into four groups: the control group, stable angina (SA) Group, unstable angina (UA) group, and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) group. We have compared whether there were differences in ASI and related baseline data between groups. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was conducted to determine whether ASI could predict CHD and evaluate the severity. Results ASI was positively correlated with the number of diseased branches of coronary artery. The value of ASI was increased as the number of the diseased branches increased. The ASI value in the SA group was significantly higher compared with the control group. Furthermore, the ASI value in the UA and AMI groups was remarkably increased compared with the control and SA groups. The results of ROC analysis indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of ASI was 71.0% and 85.4% in diagnosing CHD, respectively. While ASI was used in predicting the severity of CHD, the sensitivity was 72.1% and specificity 57.9%. Conclusion ASI is of great value in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease and the prediction of its severity.

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Ultrasound Detection of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Combined With Ischemic Modified Albumin in the Diagnosis of Coronary Heart Disease

The Heart Surgery Forum ◽

10.1532/hsf.3015 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. E461-E464

Author(s):

Jiandong Xiao ◽

Yuli Lu ◽

Xinchun Yang

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽

Reference Value ◽

Control Group ◽

Case Group ◽

Disease Group ◽

Vessel Disease ◽

Single Vessel

Objective: To evaluate the value of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness combined with serum ischemic modified albumin (IMA) concentration in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease. Methods: A total of 180 patients with coronary heart disease from May 2017 to December 2018 were selected as the case group. After the examination of Judkins coronary angiography, they were grouped according to the results of angiography, including 60 patients in a single-vessel group, 60 patients in a double-vessel group, and 60 patients in a multi-vessel group. Sixty healthy people with physical examinations at our hospital at the same time were selected as the control group. All selected participants were tested for epicardial adipose tissue thickness by echocardiography and serum IMA concentration by albumin cobalt ion binding test. Results: The EAT thickness and IMA concentration in the single-vessel disease group, double-vessel disease group, and multi-vessel disease group significantly were higher than those in the control group (P < .01). The ROC curve shows that the sensitivity is 53.33% and the specificity is 87.6%, when the EAT thickness is 6.12 mm. The sensitivity is 76.0% and the specificity is 72.3%, when the serum IMA concentration is 72 U/L. When the two were combined, the sensitivity was 40.15% and the specificity was 96.89%. In the parallel test, the sensitivity was 88.3% and the specificity was 65.44%. Conclusion: Ultrasound detection of EAT thickness and serum IMA concentration has certain reference value for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease. Combined diagnosis can significantly improve the diagnosis rate and accuracy of coronary heart disease.

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Parameters of arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients with and without subclinical carotid atherosclerosis

Arterial’naya Gipertenziya (Arterial Hypertension) ◽

10.18705/1607-419x-2021-27-4-427-435 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 427-435

Author(s):

V. E. Gumerova ◽

S. A. Sayganov ◽

V. V. Gomonova

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Pulse Pressure ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽

Stiffness Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Arterial Stiffness Index ◽

Plaque Detection

Objective. To assess the relationship between arterial stiffness parameters in hypertensive patients with and without atherosclerotic lesions.Design and methods. We included 127 subjects who were divided into 3 groups: patients with hypertension (HTN) without atherosclerosis (n = 42); patients with HTN and subclinical atherosclerosis (SА) (n = 52) and control group which consisted of individuals without HTN, SA, or coronary artery disease (n = 33). All groups matched by age and gender. All subjects underwent following examinations: ultrasonography of extracranial segments of carotid arteries, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring with the assessment of arterial stiffness parameters.Results. In subjects with HTN compared to controls, pulse wave velocity in aorta (PWVao) was significantly higher (11,3 ± 1,5; 12,3 ± 1,8 vs 10,4 ± 1,3 m/s; p < 0,05), as well as pulse pressure (PP) (46,4 ± 9,8; 45,6 ± 10,6 vs 39,9 ± 6,5 mmHg; p < 0,05), central pulse pressure (PPао) (35,5 ± 8,5; 34,9 ± 8,5 vs 30,9 ± 5,4 mmHg; p < 0,05), and arterial stiffness index (ASI) (141 (127, 159); 139 (128,5, 160,5) vs 126 (118, 138) mmHg; p < 0,05). In subjects with HTN and SA, PWVao was significantly higher compared to other groups (p < 0,05). No significant difference in augmentation index was found (–32,5 (–45, –12); –22 (–36, –12); –37 (–50, –17); p = 0,25). Аmbulatory arterial stiffness index was higher in controls (0,5 ± 0,2) compared to HTN group (0,4 ± 0,2; p = 0,05), while HTN and SA group did not differ significantly (0,5 ± 0,2; p = 0,3). PWVao above 11,15 m/s is associated with 4,3 (2,3–8,2) times higher rate of atherosclerosis plaque detection.Conclusions. In HTN patients, arterial stiffness is changed compared to healthy individuals. PWVao above 11,15 m/s is associated with 4,3 (2,3–8,2) times higher rate of atherosclerosis plaque detection. In patients with HTN and SA arterial stiffness is higher, which might have additional predictive value in risk stratification.

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Platelet Aggregation in Heart Disease

10.1055/s-0039-1680809 ◽

1977 ◽

Author(s):

K. Oversohl ◽

W. Theiss ◽

C.S. So ◽

K.F. Seidl

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Cardiac Catheterization ◽

Valvular Heart Disease ◽

Platelet Adhesion ◽

Control Group ◽

Vessel Disease ◽

Platelet Adhesion And Aggregation ◽

Spontaneous Aggregation

Increased platelet adhesion and aggregation has been reported in patients suffering from rheumatic valvular heart disease and from atherosclerotic heart disease. We therefore measured spontaneous aggregation “PAT III” (Breddin) and ADP-induced platelet aggregation (Born) in 141 patients who underwent cardiac catheterization. There were 50 patients with coronary heart disease, 41 with valvular heart disease, 18 with cardiomyopathy; 32 with normal findings at catheterization served as control group.In comparison to controls, patients with coronary heart disease had significantly increased aggregation. Subdivision into 1, 2, or 3 vessel disease revealed no significant differences. Patients with valvular heart disease also had significantly increased aggregation. This appears to be particularly the case after valvular grafting. Cardiomyopathies were not associated with increased platelet aggregation.

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Aspirin Resistance as a Result of Impaired Interaction of Platelets and Neutrophils in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

Rational Pharmacotherapy in Cardiology ◽

10.20996/1819-6446-2021-01-07 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 16-22

Author(s):

M. D. Goncharov ◽

A. A. Savchenko ◽

Yu. I. Grinshtein ◽

I. I. Gvozdev ◽

A. A. Kosinova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Superoxide Radical ◽

Maximum Intensity ◽

Control Group ◽

Platelet Activity ◽

Before And After ◽

Artery Disease ◽

The Relationship

Aim. To study the relationship between the levels of synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by platelets and neutrophils in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) before and after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), depending on sensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA).Material and methods. The study included 95 patients with coronary artery disease who are indicated for CABG surgery. The control group consisted of 30 healthy donors. The antiplatelet therapy was stopped for at least 5 days before CABG. In the postoperative period, from the first day, all patients were received 100 mg of an enteric form of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Resistance to ASA was determined at the level of platelet aggregation with arachidonic acid ≥20% by optical agregometry at least at one observation point: before CABG, on 1-3 day and on 8-10 day after surgery. We evaluated the spontaneous and induced lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) of platelets (ADP induction) and neutrophils (zymosan induction) by the exit time to maximum intensity (Tmax), maximum intensity (Imax) and area (S) under the CL curve.Results. 70.5% sensitive (sASA) and 29.5% resistant (rASA) to ASA patients were revealed. Prior to CABG, in sASA patients, the Imax of spontaneous and zymosan-induced neutrophil CL and CL platelet activity was increased relative to control values. Tmax of spontaneous platelet CL, Imax and S under the ADP-induced platelet CL curve were lower in sASA patients, if to compare with rASA patients. On the 1st and 8-10th day after CABG in sASA patients, the CL indicators of neutrophil and platelet activity also remained elevated compared to control values. On the 1st day after CABG decreased levels of S under the spontaneous CL curve of neutrophils in rASA patients was established compared with sASA patients, and increased levels of Imax and S under the curve of induced neutrophil CL were detected in comparison with the control range. In rASA patients, the values of Tmax of spontaneous platelet CL decreased in relation to the values detected in the control group and sASA patients. On the 8–10th day after CABG, most indicators of spontaneous and zymosan-induced CL neutrophils in rASA patients were also increased compared to control values. In rASA patients a positive correlation of Imax-induced CL was found (r=0.83) on the 1st day after CABG and negative correlations of Tmax of spontaneous CL (r=- 0.75) and S under the curve induced CL (r=-0.70) on the 8-10th day were detected between platelets and neutrophils.Conclusion. In sASA patients with coronary heart disease before and after CABG, a high level of synthesis of superoxide radical by neutrophils and platelets was detected. The relationship between the levels of the synthesis of superoxide radical by neutrophils and platelets was found only after CABG in rASA patients. Increased synthesis of superoxide radical due to metabolic and regulatory relationships in neutrophils and platelets stimulates pro-inflammatory processes in coronary artery disease and determines the sensitivity of platelets to ASA.

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Genetic Association of Finger Photoplethysmography-Derived Arterial Stiffness Index With Blood Pressure and Coronary Artery Disease

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/atvbaha.119.312626 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (6) ◽

pp. 1253-1261 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Seyedeh M. Zekavat ◽

Krishna Aragam ◽

Connor Emdin ◽

Amit V. Khera ◽

Derek Klarin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Genetic Association ◽

Stiffness Index ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Arterial Stiffness Index

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Activity of coagulation processes with comorbid hypertension and coronary heart disease

Medicine of Ukraine ◽

10.37987/1997-9894.2021.5(251).238140 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 35-38

Author(s):

A. I. Pastushyna

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Protein C ◽

Stage Ii ◽

Stage Iii ◽

Control Group ◽

Disease Group ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Coronary Heart Disease Group ◽

The Difference

Purpose – determine the characteristics of changes of procoagulant, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic links of the hemostatic system in patients with hypertension in combination with coronary heart disease. Materials and methods. 127 people were examined - 14 healthy (control), 61 patients with stage II hypertension with concomitant coronary heart disease (group 2), 52 hypertensive patients with stage III with concomitant coronary heart disease (group 3). There were evaluated indicators of hemostasis system: thrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin index, soluble fibrin monomer complex, fibrinogen, protein C, antithrombin III of, and the time of XII-dependent fibrinolysis. Results. Patients on both study groups SFMC content significantly higher than the control group. SFMC content in patients with stage II hypertension with concomitant coronary heart disease exceed normative value of 3 times, and in the group of hypertensive patients with stage III with with concomitant coronary heart disease of 3.65 times. The content of fibrinogen in the third group of patients exceeded the indicators of the control group by 27.6%, the difference was significant (p<0,001). Also valid was the difference between the two comparable groups (p<0,001). The content of protein C in hypertensive patients stage III was lower than the control values at 28,7% (p<0,001). The difference between comparable groups also were significantly (p<0,001). At the same time, and XII-dependent fibrinolysis in patients with stage II hypertension in combination with coronary heart disease was 3.54 times longer than the standard values (p<0,001), and the combination of hypertension III stage with CAD - 4.7 times longer than the norm (p< 0.001). Conclusions. Patients with hypertension stage II and III with concomitant coronary heart disease characterized by increased blood clotting activity in the background suppression of the anticoagulant and fibrinolytic components of hemostasis. The largest contribution to the formation of thrombophilic changes in patients of both treatment groups belongs to inhibition of fibrinolysis, which is more pronounced when hypertension stage III combined with coronary heart disease.

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AMBULATORY ARTERIAL STIFFNESS MONITORING IN PATIENTS WITH ASTHMA

The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine ◽

10.20514/2226-6704-2019-9-4-301-307 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 301-307

Author(s):

N. A. Karoli ◽

O. T. Zarmanbetova ◽

A. P. Rebrov

Keyword(s):

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Target Organ Damage ◽

Vascular Wall ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Stiffness Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Target Organs ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Arterial Stiffness Index

Cardiovascular disease is one of the major causes of death throughout the world. Early detection of target organ damage is important for more successful prevention of cardiovascular diseases and improvement of patient outcomes. One of these target organs is the vascular wall, and its damage consists in loss of elastic properties and increase in stiffness. Many studies have shown that the increasing stiffness of the vascular wall is an independent predictor of cardiovascular risk. Objective: To evaluate parameters of the ambulatory arterial stiffness monitoring in patients with bronchial asthma. Materials and methods. The study enrolled 119 patients with asthma. The group of control included 30 practically healthy volunteers comparable by gender and age with the patients of the main group. Each patient underwent ambulatory blood pressure and arterial stiffness monitoring using BPLab MnSDP-2 device (Petr Telegin, Russia). Results: In patients with asthma higher values of augmentation index, arterial stiffness index and pulse wave velocity in the aorta in comparison with patients of the control group, as well as violation of the 24-hour profile of arterial stiffness were noted. Conclusion. Patients with asthma demonstrated significantly increased arterial stiffness in comparison with control group.

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Intelligent Algorithm-Based Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography to Diagnose Coronary Heart Disease

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2022/4900803 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 2022 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Shaowen Tan ◽

Zili Xu

Keyword(s):

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Expectation Maximization ◽

Spiral Ct ◽

Ct Images ◽

Control Group ◽

Observation Group ◽

Research Subjects ◽

Number Of Iterations

In this study, dictionary learning and expectation maximization reconstruction (DLEM) was combined to denoise 64-slice spiral CT images, and results of coronary angiography (CAG) were used as standard to evaluate its clinical value in diagnosing coronary artery diseases. 120 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) confirmed by CAG examination were retrospectively selected as the research subjects. According to the random number table method, the patients were divided into two groups: the control group was diagnosed by conventional 64-slice spiral CT images, and the observation group was diagnosed by 64-slice spiral CT images based on the DLEM algorithm, with 60 cases in both groups. With CAG examination results as the standard, the diagnostic effects of the two CT examination methods were compared. The results showed that when the number of iterations of maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) algorithm reached 50, the root mean square error (RMSE) and peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) values were similar to the results obtained by the DLEM algorithm under a number of iterations of 10 when the RMSE and PSNR values were 18.9121 dB and 74.9911 dB, respectively. In the observation group, 28.33% (17/60) images were of grade 4 or above before processing; after processing, it was 70% (42/60), significantly higher than the proportion of high image quality before processing. The overall diagnostic consistency, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (88.33%, 86.67%, 80%, and 85%) of the observation group were better than those in the control group (60.46%, 62.5%, 58.33%, and 61.66%). In conclusion, the DLEM algorithm has good denoising effect on 64-slice spiral CT images, which significantly improves the accuracy in the diagnosis of coronary artery stenosis and has good clinical diagnostic value and is worth promoting.

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