scholarly journals Specific dynamic variations in the peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in COVID-19 and severe influenza A patients: a retrospective observational study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Qian ◽  
Guiju Gao ◽  
Yangzi Song ◽  
Yanli Xu ◽  
Aibin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Recovery Duration ◽  
Dynamic Variations ◽  
Severe Influenza

Abstract Background Both COVID-19 and influenza A contribute to increased mortality among the elderly and those with existing comorbidities. Changes in the underlying immune mechanisms determine patient prognosis. This study aimed to analyze the role of lymphocyte subsets in the immunopathogenesisof COVID-19 and severe influenza A, and examined the clinical significance of their alterations in the prognosis and recovery duration. Methods By retrospectively reviewing of patients in four groups (healthy controls, severe influenza A, non-severe COVID-19 and severe COVID-19) who were admitted to Ditan hospital between 2018 to 2020, we performed flow cytometric analysis and compared the absolute counts of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and lymphocyte subsets of the patients at different time points (weeks 1–4). Results We reviewed the patients’ data of 94 healthy blood donors, 80 Non-severe-COVID-19, 19 Severe-COVID-19 and 37 severe influenza A. We found total lymphocytes (0.81 × 109/L vs 1.74 × 109/L, P = 0.001; 0.87 × 109/L vs 1.74 × 109/L, P < 0.0001, respectively) and lymphocyte subsets (T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets) of severe COVID-19 and severe influenza A patients to be significantly lower than those of healthy donors at early infection stages. Further, significant dynamic variations were observed at different time points (weeks 1–4). Conclusions Our study suggests the plausible role of lymphocyte subsets in disease progression, which in turn affects prognosis and recovery duration in patients with severe COVID-19 and influenza A.

scholarly journals Specific Dynamic Variations in the Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subsets in COVID-19 and Severe Influenza A Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fujie Zhang ◽  
Fang Qian ◽  
Guiju Gao ◽  
Yangzi Song ◽  
Yanli Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Recovery Duration ◽  
Dynamic Variations ◽  
Severe Influenza

Background: Both COVID-19 and influenza A contribute to increased mortality among the elderly and those with existing comorbidities. Changes in the underlying immune mechanisms determine patient prognosis. This study aimed to analyze the role of lymphocyte subsets in the immunopathogenesisof COVID-19 and severe influenza A, and examined the clinical significance of their alterations in the prognosis and recovery duration. Methods: By retrospectively reviewing of patients in four groups (healthy controls, severe influenza A, non-severe COVID-19 and severe COVID-19) who were admitted to Ditan hospital between 2018 to 2020, we performed flow cytometric analysis and compared the absolute counts of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and lymphocyte subsets of the patients at different time points (weeks 1-4). Results: We reviewed the patients′ data of 110 healthy blood donors, 80 Non-severe COVID-19, 19 Severe COVID-19 and 43 severe influenza A. We found total lymphocytes (0.93*109/L, 0.84*109/L vs 1.78*109/L, P < 0.0001) and lymphocyte subsets (T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets) of both severe patients to be significantly lower than those of healthy donors at early infection stages. Further, significant dynamic variations were observed at different time points (weeks 1-4). Conclusions: Our study indicates lymphopenia to be associated with disease severity and suggests the plausible role of lymphocyte subsets in disease progression, which in turn affects prognosis and recovery duration in patients with severe COVID-19 and influenza A.

scholarly journals Specific Dynamic Variations in the Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subsets in COVID-19 and Severe Influenza A Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Qian ◽  
Guiju Gao ◽  
Yangzi Song ◽  
Yanli Xu ◽  
Aibin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Recovery Duration ◽  
Dynamic Variations ◽  
Severe Influenza

Abstract Background:Both COVID-19 and influenza A contribute to increased mortality among the elderly and those with existing comorbidities. Changes in the underlying immune mechanisms determine patient prognosis. This study aimed to analyze the role of lymphocyte subsets in the immunopathogenesisof COVID-19 and severe influenza A, and examined the clinical significance of their alterations in the prognosis and recovery duration.Methods:By retrospectively reviewing of patients in four groups (healthy controls, severe influenza A, non-severe COVID-19 and severe COVID-19) who were admitted to Ditan hospital between 2018 to 2020, we performed flow cytometric analysis and compared the absolute counts of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and lymphocyte subsets of the patients at different time points (weeks 1- 4).Results:We reviewed the patients’ data of 94 healthy blood donors, 80 Non-severe-COVID-19, 19 Severe-COVID-19 and 37 severe influenza A. We found total lymphocytes (0.81 ×109/L vs 1.74 ×109/L, P = 0.001; 0.87 ×109/L vs 1.74 ×109/L, P < 0.0001, respectively) and lymphocyte subsets (T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets) of severe COVID-19 and severe influenza A patients to be significantly lower than those of healthy donors at early infection stages. Further, significant dynamic variations were observed at different time points (weeks 1–4).Conclusions:Our study suggests the plausible role of lymphocyte subsets in disease progression, which in turn affects prognosis and recovery duration in patients with severe COVID-19 and influenza A.

scholarly journals Specific Dynamic Variations in the Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subsets in COVID-19 and Severe Influenza a Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Qian ◽  
Guiju Gao ◽  
Yangzi Song ◽  
Yanli Xu ◽  
Aibin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Recovery Duration ◽  
Dynamic Variations ◽  
Severe Influenza

Abstract Background: Both COVID-19 and influenza A contribute to increased mortality among the elderly and those with existing comorbidities. Changes in the underlying immune mechanisms determine patient prognosis. This study aimed to analyze the role of lymphocyte subsets in the immunopathogenesisof COVID-19 and severe influenza A, and examined the clinical significance of their alterations in the prognosis and recovery duration. Methods: By retrospectively reviewing of patients in four groups (healthy controls, severe influenza A, non-severe COVID-19 and severe COVID-19) who were admitted to Ditan hospital between 2018 to 2020, we performed flow cytometric analysis and compared the absolute counts of leukocytes, lymphocytes, and lymphocyte subsets of the patients at different time points (weeks 1–4). Results: We reviewed the patients’ data of 110 healthy blood donors, 80 Non-severe-COVID-19, 19 Severe-COVID-19 and 43 severe influenza A. We found total lymphocytes (0.93 × 109/L, 0.84 × 109/L vs 1.78 × 109/L, P < 0.0001) and lymphocyte subsets (T cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets) of both severe patients to be significantly lower than those of healthy donors at early infection stages. Further, significant dynamic variations were observed at different time points (weeks 1–4). Conclusions: Our study indicates lymphopenia to be associated with disease severity and suggests the plausible role of lymphocyte subsets in disease progression, which in turn affects prognosis and recovery duration in patients with severe COVID-19 and influenza A.

scholarly journals Significant spike in excess mortality in England in winter 2014/15 – influenza the likely culprit

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (9) ◽  
pp. 1106-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Pebody ◽  
H. K. Green ◽  
F. Warburton ◽  
M. Sinnathamby ◽  
J. Ellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Excess Mortality ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Poisson Regression Model ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
All Cause Mortality

AbstractSignificant increases in excess all-cause mortality, particularly in the elderly, were observed during the winter of 2014/15 in England. With influenza A(H3N2) the dominant circulating influenza A subtype, this paper determines the contribution of influenza to this excess controlling for weather. A standardised multivariable Poisson regression model was employed with weekly all-cause deaths the dependent variable for the period 2008–2015. Adjusting for extreme temperature, a total of 26 542 (95% CI 25 301–27 804) deaths in 65+ and 1942 (95% CI 1834–2052) in 15–64-year-olds were associated with influenza from week 40, 2014 to week 20, 2015. This is compatible with the circulation of influenza A(H3N2). It is the largest estimated number of influenza-related deaths in England since prior to 2008/09. The findings highlight the potential health impact of influenza and the important role of the annual influenza vaccination programme that is required to protect the population including the elderly, who are vulnerable to a severe outcome.

Changes in the expression of surface receptors on lymphocyte subsets in the elderly: Quantitative flow cytometric analysis

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Ginaldi ◽  
Massimo De Martinis ◽  
Annamaria D'Ostilio ◽  
Lucia Marini ◽  
Francesca Loreto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Quantitative Flow

scholarly journals The central role of T-cell memory in Alzheimer’s disease vaccination

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Brian Giunta ◽  
Amanda Ruscin ◽  
Jon Salemi ◽  
Alan Wolfson ◽  
Francisco Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Active Immunization ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Cell Reactivity

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common progressive neurodegenerative brain disease as well as the most common dementia among the elderly. In the future as the average lifespan continues to extend, the number of AD patients will continue to grow. Amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides, in both soluble oligomeric, and insoluble forms, are key in the neuropathogenesis of AD and have thus been a therapeutic target for vaccines. Multiple Aβ vaccination strategies in animal models of AD have demonstrated a marked reduction in both amyloid burden and neurocognitive deficits. Due to the success of these studies, initial human clinical trials of an active Aβ vaccine were conducted. These were discontinued due to the development of meningoencephalitis in approximately 6% of the vaccinated AD patients. Studies examining the brains of Aβ-vaccinated patients developing meningoencephalitis implicate Aβ-reactive T-cell subsets as major components of this deleterious response to active Aβ vaccination. To subvert possible meningoencephalitis resulting from Aβ vaccination second generation of vaccines has been more recently developed. These however have met with little success in humans. To build on these findings, an understanding of the role of T-cells in vaccination against Aβ is presented in this review. Various methods of Aβ immunotherapy are reviewed including studies in both animal models and humans. Recent works suggest that Aβ-derived peptides delivered intranasally or transcutaneously results in effective clearance of Aβ plaques and improvement of cognitive function in animal models of AD. Moreover, undesired T-cell reactivity appeared to be considerably reduced compared with other active immunization strategies. In spite of the past clinical studies, these findings imply that Aβ vaccination may be both efficacious and safe depending route of delivery, adjuvant choice, and Aβ epitope administered.

scholarly journals Direct activation of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes by dendritic cells.

1987 ◽  
Vol 166 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Inaba ◽  
J W Young ◽  
R M Steinman
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Accessory Cell ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Cd4 Cells ◽  
Cd8 Cells

Recent experiments (11-13) have shown that antigen-specific, CD8+, CD4- T lymphocytes can be induced to proliferate and become killer cells in the absence of a second population of "helper" CD8-, CD4+ cells. We have studied early events in the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets in the primary mixed leukocyte reaction. Dendritic cells are a major if not essential accessory cell for the activation of both subpopulations. Antigen-bearing macrophages fail to stimulate unprimed CD8+ cells, but act as targets for the sensitized cytolytic lymphocytes that are induced by dendritic cells. The initial proliferative response is comparable for CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subsets. For both subpopulations, dendritic cells efficiently cluster the responding lymphocytes on the first day and induce the release of IL-2. The data indicate that CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes can be activated by a similar mechanism, and illustrate the special role of dendritic cells in the sensitization stage of cell-mediated immunity.

Prospective Memory Development Across the Lifespan

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Zuber ◽  
Matthias Kliegel
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Present Model ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Integrative Framework

Abstract. Prospective Memory (PM; i.e., the ability to remember to perform planned tasks) represents a key proxy of healthy aging, as it relates to older adults’ everyday functioning, autonomy, and personal well-being. The current review illustrates how PM performance develops across the lifespan and how multiple cognitive and non-cognitive factors influence this trajectory. Further, a new, integrative framework is presented, detailing how those processes interplay in retrieving and executing delayed intentions. Specifically, while most previous models have focused on memory processes, the present model focuses on the role of executive functioning in PM and its development across the lifespan. Finally, a practical outlook is presented, suggesting how the current knowledge can be applied in geriatrics and geropsychology to promote healthy aging by maintaining prospective abilities in the elderly.

HUBUNGAN PERAN FAMILY CAREGIVER TERHADAP QUALITAS HIDUP LANSIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
RIANI PRADARA JATI ◽  
Sekar Farah Nabila
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Family

  Penempatan peran yang baik bagi Family Caregiver sangatlah membantu lansia dalam meningkatkah qualitas hidupnya, meningkatkan motivasi dalam menjalankan hidup Penelitian ini bertujuan Mengetahui hubungan peran Family Caregiver dalam pemenuhan qualitas hidup bagi lansia di Kelurahan Langenharjo Kabupaten Kendal. DesainPenelitianDeskriptifKorelasional menggunakan pendekatan Krosectional,tehnikSamplingStratified Simple Random Sampling dengan karakteristik heterogen, dari populasi mempunyai hak yang sama untuk diseleksi sebagai sampel teknik undianPengambilan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Uji statistik Chi-square, dengan taraf signifikasi 5%jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini 70 sampel pada Family Caregiver dari 213 populasi yang ada. Hasil penelitian dari 70 responden didapatkan Peran Family Caregiver tidak baik dengan qualitas hidup tidak baik 33 (47,1%), sedangkan Peran Family Caregiver kurang baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia baik 3 (4,3%). Untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver kurang baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia tidak baik sebanyak 6 responden (8,6%) sedangkan untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver kurang baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia baik sebanyak 23 responden (32,9%). Terakhir, untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia tidak baik didapatkan hasil 2 responden (2, 9%) sedangkan untuk distribusi Peran Family Caregiver baik dengan qualitas hidup lansia baik didapatkan hasil 3 responden (4,3%)Menunjukkan nilai ρ value 0,001 (ρ < 0,05) berarti ada hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kepatuhan lansia dalam keikutsertaan posyandu lansia. Disarankan kepada semua Family Cregiver lansia untuk mampu memahami pentingnya perhatian, dukungan bagi lansia dalammeningkatkan qualitas hidup yang lebih baik bagi lansia.   Kata kunci : Peran family caregiver, qualitas hidup, lansia.   ABSTRACT Placement of a good role for Family Caregiver is very helpful for the elderly to improve their quality of life, increase motivation in living life Research Objective: To know the relationship between the role of Family Caregiver in fulfilling quality of life for the elderly in Langenharjo Village, Kendal Regency. Descriptive Correlational Research Design uses a cross sectional approach, Sampling Stratified Simple Random Sampling technique with heterogeneous characteristics, from the population has the same right to be selected as a sample lottery technique Retrieving data using a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. Test Chi-square statistics, with a significance level of 5% the number of samples in this study 70 samples on the Family Caregiver from 213 populations. Results of the Study Of 70 respondents found the role of Family Caregiver was not good with poor quality of life 33 (47.1%) , while the role of the Family Caregiver is not good with the quality of life of a good elderly 3 (4.3%). For the distribution of the role of Family Caregiver is not good with the quality of life of the poor family as many as 6 respondents (8.6%) while for the distribution of the Role of Family Caregiver is not good with the quality of life of good elderly as many as 23 respondents (32.9%). Finally, the distribution of the Role of Family Caregiver with good quality of life for the poor is obtained by 2 respondents (2, 9%), while the distribution of the Role of Family Caregiver with good quality of life for the elderly is obtained by 3 respondents (4.3%). 0.001 (ρ <0.05) means that there is a relationship between family support and the compliance of the elderly in the participation of the elderly posyandu. It is recommended to all elderly Cregiver families to be able to understand the importance of attention, support for the elderly in improving the quality of life better for the elderly   Keywords: Role of Family Caregiver, Quality of Life, Elderly

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