scholarly journals Invasive pneumococcal disease burden in hospitalized adults in Bogota, Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula O. Narváez ◽  
Salome Gomez-Duque ◽  
Juan E. Alarcon ◽  
Paula C. Ramirez-Valbuena ◽  
Cristian C. Serrano-Mayorga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Serotype Distribution ◽  
Number Of Factors

Abstract Background The incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) varies depending on a number of factors, including vaccine uptake, in both children and adults, the geographic location, and local serotype prevalence. There are limited data about the burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn), serotype distribution, and clinical characteristics of adults hospitalized due to IPD in Colombia. The objectives of this study included assessment of Spn serotype distribution, clinical characteristics, mortality, ICU admission, and the need for mechanical ventilation. Methods This was an observational, retrospective, a citywide study conducted between 2012 and 2019 in Bogotá, Colombia. We analyzed reported positive cases of IPD from 55 hospitals in a governmental pneumococcal surveillance program. Pneumococcal strains were isolated in each hospital and typified in a centralized laboratory. This is a descriptive study stratified by age and subtypes of IPD obtained through the analysis of medical records. Results A total of 310 patients with IPD were included, of whom 45.5% were female. The leading cause of IPD was pneumonia (60%, 186/310), followed by meningitis. The most frequent serotypes isolated were 19A (13.87%, 43/310) and 3 (11.94%, 37/310). The overall hospital mortality rate was 30.3% (94/310). Moreover, 52.6% (163/310 patients) were admitted to the ICU, 45.5% (141/310) required invasive mechanical ventilation and 5.1% (16/310) non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Conclusion Pneumococcal pneumonia is the most prevalent cause of IPD, with serotypes 19A and 3 being the leading cause of IPD in Colombian adults. Mortality due to IPD in adults continues to be very high.

scholarly journals Pneumococcal Burden in Hospitalized Adults in Bogotá, Colombia. 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Narvaez ◽  
Salome Gomez-Duque ◽  
Juan Alarcon ◽  
Paula Ramirez-Valbuena ◽  
Cristian Serrano-Mayorga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Serotype Distribution ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Number Of Factors

Abstract Background: The incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) varies depending on a number of factors, including vaccine uptake, in both children and adults, the geographic location, and local serotype prevalence. There are limited data about the burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn), serotype distribution, and clinical characteristics of adults hospitalized due to IPD in Colombia. Thus, this study will attempt to bridge this gap in the literature. Methods: This was an observational, retrospective, a citywide study conducted between 2012 and 2019 in Bogotá, Colombia. We analyzed reported positive cases of IPD from 55 hospitals in a governmental pneumococcal surveillance program. Pneumococcal strains were isolated in each hospital and typified in a centralized laboratory. The objectives of this study included assessment of Spn serotype distribution, clinical characteristics, mortality, ICU admission, and the need for mechanical ventilation. Results: A total of 310 patients with IPD were included, of whom 45.5% were female. The leading cause of IPD was pneumonia (60%, 186/310), followed by meningitis. The most frequent serotypes isolated were 19A (13.87%, 43/310) and 3 (11.94%, 37/310). The overall hospital mortality rate was 30.3% (94/310). Moreover, 52.6% (163/310 patients) were admitted to the ICU, 45.5% (141/310) required invasive mechanical ventilation and 5.1% (16/310) non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Conclusion: Pneumococcal pneumonia is the most prevalent cause of IPD, with serotypes 19A and 3 being the leading cause of IPD in Colombian adults. Mortality due to IPD in adults continues to be very high. 

scholarly journals Pediatric Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Three Years after PCV13 Introduction in the National Immunization Plan—The Continued Importance of Serotype 3

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1428
Author(s):  
Catarina Silva-Costa ◽  
Joana Gomes-Silva ◽  
Lúcia Prados ◽  
Mário Ramirez ◽  
José Melo-Cristino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Conjugate Vaccine ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Serotype Distribution ◽  
Conjugate Vaccines ◽  
National Immunization

The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines PCV7 and PCV13 led to decreases in incidence of pediatric invasive pneumococcal disease (pIPD) and changes in serotype distribution. We evaluated the consequences of higher vaccine uptake after the introduction of PCV13 in the National Immunization Plan (NIP) in 2015. Besides culture and conventional serotyping, the use of molecular methods to detect and serotype pneumococci in both pleural and cerebrospinal fluid samples contributed to 30% of all pIPD (n = 232) in 2015–2018. The most frequently detected serotypes were: 3 (n = 59, 26%), 10A (n = 17, 8%), 8 (n = 16, 7%) and 19A (n = 10, 4%). PCV13 serotypes still accounted for 46% of pIPD cases. Serotypes not included in any currently available conjugate vaccine (NVT) are becoming important causes of pIPD, with the increases in serotypes 8 and 33F being of particular concern given the importance of serotype 8 in adult IPD and the antimicrobial resistance of serotype 33F isolates. This study highlights the importance of using molecular methods in pIPD surveillance since these allowed a better case ascertainment and the identification of serotype 3 as the leading cause of pIPD. Even in a situation of vaccine uptake >95% for 3 years, PCV13 serotypes remain important causes of pIPD.

Four years of universal pneumococcal conjugate infant vaccination in Germany: Impact on incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease and serotype distribution in children

Vaccine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (40) ◽  
pp. 5880-5885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark van der Linden ◽  
Susanne Weiß ◽  
Gerhard Falkenhorst ◽  
Annette Siedler ◽  
Matthias Imöhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Serotype Distribution ◽  
Infant Vaccination

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of Chilean patients with rheumatic diseases and COVID-19: data from the Covid-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oriela Martínez ◽  
Francisca Valenzuela ◽  
Sebastián Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Rheumatic Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
List Type ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

AbstractObjectiveThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), has registered more than 234 million confirmed cases and more than 4.7 million deaths throughout the world until October 2, 2021. During the last few months, a significant number of reports of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic diseases have been published. In this study the objective is to report the clinical characteristics of Chilean patients with rheumatic diseases and COVID-19 reported in the “Global Rheumatology Alliance” (GRA) physician registration platform.MethodsChilean patients with rheumatic diseases and COVID-19 were included in the Covid-19 GRA physician-reported registry.Results54 patients were included. The most common primary rheumatic disease was rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with 28 cases (51.9%). 30 patients (55.6%) used corticosteroids, of which 20 (66.7%) used a dose of 10 mg or less. 33 patients (61.1%) only used conventional DMARDs, 4 (7.4%) only biological, and 6 (11.1%) the combination. A total of 35 patients (64.8%) had to be hospitalized. 2 patients (3.7%) died. 26 patients of the 35 hospitalized (74.2%) required some type of ventilatory support, of which 5 (19.2%) required non-invasive and 8 (30.8%) invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).DiscussionMost of included Chilean rheumatic patients were hospitalized, with a low mortality rate but with a high percentage of patients requiring at least non-invasive mechanical ventilation.Key Points-The most common primary rheumatic disease was rheumatoid arthritis (RA) followed by lupus (LES)-Most of the included Chilean rheumatic patients were hospitalized, with a high percentage of patients requiring at least non-invasive mechanical ventilation, but with a low mortality rate.-Worsening of arthralgias or activation of the rheumatic disease was not reported.

Serotype Distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing Invasive Pneumococcal Disease at Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital in Rome: Is It Time for a New Vaccine?

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (01) ◽  
pp. 013-015
Author(s):  
Elena Bozzola ◽  
Andrzej Krzysztofiak ◽  
Annausa Pantosti ◽  
Laura Lancella ◽  
Paola Bernaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Invasive Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Immunization Programs ◽  
Serotype Distribution ◽  
Conjugate Vaccines ◽  
Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines ◽  
Children's Hospital ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDiseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae are mostly preventable infections by current immunization programs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the introduction of the heptavalent and the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV7 and PCV13) on the burden of pneumococcal disease and on the serotype distribution of S. pneumoniae causing invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs) in the pediatric age over a 5-year study (from January 2008 till December 2012). We observed a decrease in IPD rate in children after PCV13 introduction despite increases in nonvaccine serotype (NVS) rates in 2011. Nevertheless, from 2012, an increase in IPD rates due to non-PCV13 serotypes was observed.

scholarly journals Divergent serotype replacement trends and increasing diversity in pneumococcal disease in high income settings reduce the benefit of expanding vaccine valency

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Løchen ◽  
Nicholas J. Croucher ◽  
Roy M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Pneumococcal Disease ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serotype Distribution ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Serotypes ◽  
European North ◽  
Serotype Replacement ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Streptococcus pneumoniae is a significant cause of otitis media, pneumonia, and meningitis. Only seven of the approximately 100 serotypes were initially included in the pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (PCV) in 2000 before it was expanded in subsequent years. Although the invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) incidence due to vaccine serotypes (VT) has declined, partial replacement by non-vaccine serotypes (NVT) was observed following widespread vaccine uptake. We conducted a trend analysis assembling the available evidence for PCV impact on European, North American and Australian national IPD. Significant effectiveness against VT IPD in infants was observed, although the impact on national IPD incidence varied internationally due to serotype replacement. Currently, NVT serotypes 8, 9N, 15A and 23B are increasing in the countries assessed, although a variety of other NVTs are affecting each country and age group. Despite these common emerging serotypes, there has not been a dominant IPD serotype post-vaccination as there was pre-vaccination (serotype 14) or post-PCV7 (serotype 19A), suggesting that future vaccines with additional serotypes will be less effective at targeting and reducing IPD in global populations than previous PCVs. The rise of diverse NVTs in all settings’ top-ranked IPD-causing serotypes emphasizes the urgent need for surveillance data on serotype distribution and serotype-specific invasiveness post-vaccination to facilitate decision making concerning both expanding current vaccination programmes and increasing vaccine valency.

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