scholarly journals Systematic review of observational studies of the impact of cardiovascular risk factors on preeclampsia in sub-saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Iris Hounkpatin ◽  
Salimanou Ariyoh Amidou ◽  
Yessito Corine Houehanou ◽  
Philippe Lacroix ◽  
Pierre Marie Preux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia

Abstract Background Maternal mortality is a public health issue, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is the region most affected worldwide by maternal mortality, and preeclampsia is one of the main causes. We performed a systematic review of observational studies to identify the impact of cardiovascular risk factors on preeclampsia in SSA with a more representative sample. Methods Databases: PubMed and Google Scholar were searched to identify published studies. Studies were included if they reported results on the link between at least one cardiovascular risk factor and preeclampsia. Relevant studies quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Odds ratios and relative risk (RR) were reported with their confidence intervals. Results Twelve articles (8 case-controls, 3 cohorts, 1 cross-sectional) were included in this review, with a total of 24,369 pregnant women. Cardiovascular risk factors such as chronic hypertension, overweight, obesity, diabetes and alcohol were significantly associated with a high risk of preeclampsia. Very few data were available concerning some risk factors. None of the articles reported tobacco consumption as a preeclampsia risk factor. There is a lack of data from French-speaking SSA countries. Conclusion Cardiovascular risk factors increase the risk of preeclampsia. Our results suggest the need for prospective cohort studies to ascertain this association in order to reduce maternal mortality due to preeclampsia.

Interventions that cause weight loss and the impact on cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1001-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Zomer ◽  
K. Gurusamy ◽  
R. Leach ◽  
C. Trimmer ◽  
T. Lobstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Neonatal Septicaemia in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheal Abel Alao ◽  
Oluwakemi O Tongo ◽  
Idowu Adejumoke Ayede ◽  
Michael Udochukwu Diala ◽  
Olayinka Rasheed Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Neonatal Septicaemia ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background: The morbidity and mortality from neonatal septicaemia (NNS) in low-middle income country remain high at the background of strained health care delivery system.The burden, pooled risks and outcomes of NNS are largely unknown. We aimed to produce a protocol for synthesizing evidence from available data for neonatal septicaemia in sub-Saharan Africa.Methods: We developed a search strategy using MeSH, text words and entry terms. Nine databases will be searched: PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, AJOL, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Research gate and Scopus. Only Observational studies retrievable in the English Language will be included. The primary measurable outcome is the proportion of neonatal with septicaemia while secondary outcomes include proportion of bacterial isolates and their antibiogram, risk factors for NNS, in hospital mortality, length of hospital stay, frequency of necrotizing enterocolitis and other sequel . All identified studies will be screened based on the inclusion criteria. Data will be deduplicated in Endnote version 9, before exporting to Rayyan QCRI for screening. Extractable data will include first author’s name and year of publication, the country and regions in sub-Saharan Africa, total neonatal admissions, number with sepsis, the sample size, bacterial isolates, antibiogram, in-hospital mortality, length of hospital stay and frequency of necrotizing enterocolitis.All studies will be assessed for methodological, clinical and statistical heterogeneity. The NIH Quality assessment tool for observational studies and the Cochrane tool of risk of bias will be used to assess for the strength of evidence. Publication bias will be assessed using the funnel plot.Discussion: Results will be presented as the prevalence, standard error and confidence interval of newborns with neonatal septicaemia in sub-Saharan Africa. Subgroup analysis using categorical data such as risk factors, bacterial isolates, antibiogram and outcomes of neonatal septicaemia will also be reported. A cumulative meta-analysis will be done to assess the time trend of the risk factors, pathogens and antibiogram.The CMA version 3 will be used for statistical analysis. Results will be presented in forest plots.Systematic Review Registration: This protocol is registered in PROSPERO, registration number CRD42020219604.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular risk factors in sub-Saharan Africa: a review

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Manuel Monti ◽  
Maria Pia Ruggieri ◽  
Giovanni Maria Vincentelli ◽  
Fernando Capuano ◽  
Francesco Rocco Pugliese
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
African Population ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Sub Saharan

Ischemic heart disease is increasing dramatically in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), despite an increasing prevalence of risk factors, and some characteristics of the African people that make the African population subject to the effects of major cardiovascular risk factors. The pace and direction of economic development, rates of urbanization, the changes in life expectancy, associated with different pathophysiological factors are causing an increased rate of atherosclerotic disease in these countries. The prevalence of ischemic heart disease in SSA has shown a significant rise in the next two following decades due to the rising prevalence of risk factors, especially hypertension, diabetes, overweight and obesity, physical inactivity, tobacco use and the dyslipidemia, mainly due to an increase in urbanization. Moreover, thanks to new knowledge, it has been pointed out the difference of individual risk factors in the African population and other populations due to genetic differences. It is estimated that age-standardized approach for ischemic heart disease mortality rates will rise by 27% in African men and 25% in women by 2015 and by 70 and 74%, respectively by 2030. More research is needed in Africa to provide evidence for cardiovascular prevention and treatment to mitigate the oncoming epidemic. Health interventions are needed for preventing or reducing the morbidity/ mortality and should be addressed to both children and adults, including score of the risk stratification modified, starting early and aggressive therapy, if necessary.

P3459Research Network in Africa (RNA): gender differences in cardiovascular risk factors and complications in 12 African countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I B Diop ◽  
M Antignac ◽  
C Nhavoto ◽  
A Sidy Ali ◽  
D Balde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases are rapidly growing epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. Unlike other regions of the world, death rates due to hypertension are greater for women than men in Africa. Scarce data were available on factors associated with gender in cardiovascular risk factors and complications in Sub-Saharan Africa. Purpose To assess gender differences in cardiovascular risk factors pattern in patients with hypertension in 12 Sub-Saharan countries. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in urban clinics of twelve countries in Africa. Data were collected on demographics, treatment and standardized BP measures were made among the hypertensive patients attending the clinics. BP control was defined as BP<140/90 mmHg and hypertension grades were defined according to European Society of Cardiology guidelines. The separate association between women factors and BP control was investigated using Generalized Linear Mixed-Effects Models adjusted on age; A random effect on the country was added (generalized estimated equation models) to account for inter-country variability. Results The EIGHT study enrolled 2198 patients with hypertension in 12 sub-Saharan countries between January 2014 and November 2015. The proportion of women (60,2%) was higher than men and varied significantly according to countries (p<0.001), ranged from 33.7% (Guinea) to 71.9% (Gabon). Mean age was 57.7±12.0 years for women and 59.2±11.4 years for men (p<0.001). Compared to men, women had a higher rate of family cardiovascular background (79% vs 70%, for women and men respectively) (p<0.0001), cardiovascular risk factors (74.3% vs 68.1) (p=0.008), such as obesity (25.8% vs 12.1%) (p<0.0001), sedentary behavior (42.1% vs 35.0%) (p=0,006). BP control didn't differ according to gender, the repartition of grades of hypertension was similar between women and men and proportion of uncontrolled BP was 77.2% in women and 77.8% in men (p=0.4), with same proportion of women and men receiving antihypertensive treatment (96 vs 97.5%) (NS). However, African women had less cardiovascular complications than men (39% vs 52.4%) (p<0.0001) (OR: 0.50 [CI 95% 0.41–0.61]). Conclusions Our study highlighted gender differences in cardiovascular risk factors pattern in Sub-Saharan hypertensive patients. Tailoring medical (public health) programs to improve cardiovascular disease prevention that take into women characteristics may enhance their effectiveness.

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