scholarly journals Antenatal care attendance and risk of low birthweight in Burkina Faso: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamadou Bountogo ◽  
Ali Sié ◽  
Alphonse Zakané ◽  
Guillaume Compaoré ◽  
Thierry Ouédraogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Card ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

Abstract Background Low birthweight is a major contributor to infant mortality. We evaluated the association between antenatal care (ANC) attendance and low birthweight among newborns in 5 regions of Burkina Faso. Methods We utilized data from the baseline assessment of a randomized controlled trial evaluating azithromycin distribution during the neonatal period for prevention of infant mortality. Neonates were eligible for the trial if the weighed at least 2500 g at enrollment and were 8–27 days of age. Data on ANC attendance and birthweight was extracted from each child’s carnet de santé, a government-issued health card on which pregnancy and birth-related data are recorded. We used linear and logistic regression models adjusting for potentially confounding variables to evaluate the relationship between ANC attendance (as total number of visits and ≥ 4 antenatal care visits) and birthweight (continuously and categorized into < 2500 g versus ≥2500 g). Results Data from 21,223 births were included in the analysis. The median number of ANC visits was 4 (interquartile range 3 to 5) and 69% of mothers attended at least 4 visits. Mean birthweight was 2998 g (standard deviation 423) and 8.1% of infants were low birthweight (< 2500 g). Birthweight was 63 g (95% CI 46 to 81 g, P < 0.001) higher in newborns born to mothers who had attended ≥4 ANC visits versus < 4 visits. The odds of low birthweight among infants born to mothers with ≥4 ANC visits was 0.71 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.79, P < 0.001) times the odds of low birthweight among infants born to mothers who attended < 4 ANC visits. Conclusions We observed a statistically significant association between ANC attendance and birthweight, although absolute differences were small. Improving access to ANC for all women may help improve birth outcomes. Trial registration The parent trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT03682653; first registered 24 September 2018.

scholarly journals Magnitude of low birthweight in malaria endemic settings of Nanoro, rural Burkina Faso: a secondary data analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moussa Lingani ◽  
Serge H. Zango ◽  
Innocent Valéa ◽  
Daniel Valia ◽  
Maïmouna Sanou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Maternal Characteristics

AbstractLow birthweight (LBW) is a worldwide problem that particularly affects developing countries. However, limited information is available on its magnitude in rural area of Burkina Faso. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of low birthweight and to identify its associated factors in Nanoro health district. A secondary analysis of data collected during a cross-sectional survey was conducted to assess the prevalence of low birthweight in Nanoro health and demographic surveillance system area (HDSS). Maternal characteristics extracted from antenatal care books or by interview, completed by malaria diagnosis were examined through a multi-level logistic regression to estimate odd-ratios of association with low birthweight. Significance level was set at 5%. Of the 291 neonates examined, the prevalence of low birthweight was 12%. After adjustment for socio-demographic, obstetric and malaria prevention variables, being primigravid (OR = 8.84, [95% CI: 3.72–21.01]), or multigravid with history of stillbirth (OR = 5.03, [95% CI: 1.54–16.40]), as well as the lack of long-lasting insecticide treated bed net use by the mother the night preceding the admission for delivery (OR = 2.5, [95% CI: 1.1–5.9]) were significantly associated with neonate low birthweight. The number of antenatal visits however did not confer any direct benefit on birthweight status within this study area. The prevalence of low birthweight was high in the study area and represents an important public health problem in Burkina Faso. In light of these results, a redefinition of the content of the antenatal care package is needed.

scholarly journals Antenatal care use and its determinants among migrant women during the first delivery: a nation-wide cross-sectional study in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Tang ◽  
Lulu Ding ◽  
Yuejing Feng ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Chengchao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Primiparous Women

Abstract Background Reasonable use of antenatal care (ANC) services by pregnant women played a crucial role in ensuring maternal and child safety and reducing the risk of complications, disability, and death in mothers and their infants. This study aimed to investigate the ANC use, and to explore the factors associated with ANC use among migrant women during the first delivery in China. Methods This study used the data of National Health and Family Planning Commission of People Republic of China in 2014. A total of 1505 migrant primiparous women were included in our current analysis. Frequencies and proportions were used to describe the data. Chi-square tests and multivariate binary logistic regression models were performed to explore the determinants that affect the number of times migrant women used ANC during their first delivery. Results Of the 1505 participants, 279 (18.54%) women received the ANC less than 5 times, and 1226 (81.46%) women used the ANC at least 5 times during the first delivery. The multivariate logistic regression model showed that migrant primiparous women with college and above education(P < 0.05;OR = 2.57;95%CI = 1.19–5.55), from the households with higher monthly income (P < 0.01;OR = 2.01;95%CI = 1.30–3.13), covered by maternity insurance(P < 0.01;OR = 2.01;95%CI = 1.28–3.18), with maternal health records (P < 0.001;OR = 2.44;95%CI = 1.61–3.69), migrating across county (P < 0.05;OR = 2.57;95%CI = 1.14–5.81), having migration experience before pregnancy(P < 0.05;OR = 1.37;95%CI = 1.03–1.81) were more likely to use ANC for at least five times. Conclusions This study demonstrated that there were still some migrant maternal women (18.54%) who attended the ANC less than 5 times. Targeted policies should be developed to improve the utilization of ANC among migrant pregnant women.

scholarly journals Adverse birth outcomes in a malarious area

2005 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. KALANDA ◽  
F. H. VERHOEFF ◽  
L. CHIMSUKU ◽  
G. HARPER ◽  
B. J. BRABIN
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Malnutrition ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Intra Uterine Growth Retardation

To determine factors associated with fetal growth, preterm delivery and stillbirth in an area of high malaria transmission in Southern Malawi, a cross-sectional study of pregnant women attending and delivering at two study hospitals was undertaken. A total of 243 (17·3%) babies were preterm and 54 (3·7%) stillborn. Intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) occurred in 285 (20·3%), of whom 109 (38·2%) were low birthweight and 26 (9·1%) preterm. Factors associated with IUGR were maternal short stature [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1·6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·0–2·5]; primigravidae (AOR 1·9, 95% CI 1·4–2·7); placental or peripheral malaria at delivery (AOR 1·4, 95% CI 1·0–1·9) and maternal anaemia at recruitment (Hb <8 g/dl) (AOR 1·9, 95% CI 1·3–2·7). Increasing parasite density in the placenta was associated with both IUGR (P=0·008) and prematurity (P=0·02). Factors associated with disproportionate fetal growth were maternal malnutrition [mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) <23 cm, AOR 1·9, 95% CI 1·0–3·7] and primigravidae (AOR 1·8, 95% CI 1·0–3·1). Preterm delivery and stillbirth were associated with <5 antenatal care visits (AOR 2·2, 95% CI 1·3–3·7 and AOR 3·1, 95% CI 1·4–7·0 respectively) and stillbirth with a positive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test (AOR 4·7, 95% CI 1·5–14·8). Interventions to reduce poor pregnancy outcomes must reduce the burden of malaria in pregnancy, improve antenatal care and maternal malnutrition.

scholarly journals The number of household members as a risk factor for peptic ulcer disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Hong Yim ◽  
Keun Ho Kim ◽  
Bum Ju Lee
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Living Alone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Household Members ◽  
H Pylori

AbstractPeptic ulcer disease (PUD) is caused by many sociodemographic and economic risk factors other than H. pylori infection. However, no studies reported an association between PUD and the number of household members. We showed the number of family members affected by PUD based on sex in a Korean population. This cross-sectional study used 1998–2009 data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Multiple binary logistic regression models adjusted for confounders were constructed to analyze the association of PUD with the number of household members. The number of household members was associated with PUD, age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin, glucose, location (urban/rural), income, education level, stress, current drinking, and smoking in both sexes. Men with other household members had a higher PUD risk compared to men or women living alone (reference), and the opposite was observed for women. Men with 4 household members had a higher PUD risk than men living alone in the model adjusted for age, BMI, income, location, education, and stress (OR = 2.04 [95% CI 1.28–3.27], p value = .003). Women with more than 6 household members had a lower PUD risk than women living alone in the adjusted model (OR = 0.50 [0.33–0.75], p value = .001). Women with more household members had a lower PUD risk. However, more men had PUD than women regardless of the number of household members.

scholarly journals Recent smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 among individuals with recent respiratory symptoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C Gerkin ◽  
Kathrin Ohla ◽  
Maria G Veldhuizen ◽  
Paule V Joseph ◽  
Christine E Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Respiratory Symptom ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Olfactory Loss ◽  
Visual Analog Scales ◽  
Cardinal Symptoms ◽  
Smell Loss

Abstract In a preregistered, cross-sectional study we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n=4148) or negative (C19-; n=546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19- groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean±SD, C19+: -82.5±27.2 points; C19-: -59.8±37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC=0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4&lt;OR&lt;10). Once independently validated, this tool could be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.

Do Hospitals with a Higher Level of Maternal Care Designation Have Better Maternal Outcomes?

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (06) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindhu Srinivas ◽  
Katy Kozhimannil ◽  
Peiyin Hung ◽  
Laura Attanasio ◽  
Judy Jou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact

Background A recent document by the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine introduced the concept of uniform levels of maternal care (LMCs). Objective We assessed LMC across hospitals and measured their association with maternal morbidity, focusing on women with high-risk conditions. Study Design We collected data from hospitals from May to November 2015 and linked survey responses to Statewide Inpatient Databases (SID) hospital discharge data in a retrospective cross-sectional study of 247,383 births admitted to 236 hospitals. Generalized logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between hospitals' LMC and the risk of severe maternal morbidity. Stratified analyses were conducted among women with high-risk conditions. Results High-risk pregnancies were more likely to be managed in hospitals with higher LMC (p < 0.001). Women with cardiac conditions had lower odds of maternal morbidity when delivered in level I compared with level IV units (adjusted odds ratio: 0.29; 95% confidence interval: 0.08–0.99; p = 0.049). There were no other significant associations between the LMC and severe maternal morbidity. Conclusion A higher proportion of high-risk pregnancies were managed within level IV units, although there was no overall evidence that these births had superior outcomes. Further prospective evaluation of LMC designation with patient outcomes is necessary to determine the impact of regionalization on maternal outcomes.

scholarly journals Demographic and social correlates and indicators for behavioural compliance with personal protection among Chinese community-dwellers during COVID-19: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e041453
Author(s):  
Xin Xu ◽  
Kimberly Ann Chew ◽  
Xiaolin Xu ◽  
Zhihua Wu ◽  
Xiaohua Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Age ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Personal Protection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Community Dwellers

ObjectivesExamine compliance with personal protective measures in communities for the prevention and control of local transmission of the COVID-19, and explore indicators for such behavioural compliance.DesignCross-sectional design with a self-selecting sample. Data collected in February 2020.SettingCommunity dwellers in China.Participants2956 participants aged 16 and above completed the study and were included in the analysis.Outcome measuresNationwide COVID-19 survey. Demographics and self-reported compliance with four personal protective measures—home quarantine, mask-wearing, temperature-taking and hand-sanitising were collected. Outbreak severity and timeliness of personal protection order were obtained from the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention website. Logistic regression models were employed to examine the association between demographic and social indicators and behavioural compliance.ResultsCompliance with home quarantine was only associated with gender (men, OR=0.61 (0.51–0.73), inverse association) but no other indicators. In contrast, men had higher compliance with mask-wearing (OR=1.79 (1.49–2.16)) and temperature-taking (OR=1.27 (1.05–1.53)). Compared with younger adults (≤20 years), the middle-age groups (31–40 and 41–50 years of age) were more compliant with all protective behaviours, except for home quarantine (OR=0.71 (0.54–0.93) and 0.67 (0.46–0.97), respectively).ConclusionMale gender was associated with lower compliance with home quarantine yet higher compliance with mask-wearing and temperature-taking. The middle-age participants (31–50 years) had lower compliance with home quarantine but higher with other measures. These findings may be supported by the economic considerations and the long-inherited Confucian values among Chinese. In light of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, public health authorities should tailor policy implementation to disparities in psychosocial indicators.

scholarly journals Genotypic distribution of human oncogenic papillomaviruses in sexually active women in Burkina Faso: Central, Central-Eastern and Hauts-Bassins regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Rogomenoma Alice Ouedraogo ◽  
Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon ◽  
Ina Marie Angèle Traore ◽  
Abdoul Karim Ouattara ◽  
Sindimalgdé Patricia Guigma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genotypic Distribution ◽  
Hpv Genotypes ◽  
Central Eastern

AbstractObjectivethis study was conducted to determine the distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes in women in the general population of three regions of Burkina Faso.MethodThis multicenter, descriptive cross-sectional study involved 1321 sexually active women in five cities in three regions of Burkina Faso: Central, Central-Eastern and Hauts-Bassins regions. After collection of endocervical specimens, pre-cervical lesions were screened by visual inspection with acetic acid and lugol (VIA / VILI). HR-HPV genotypes were characterized by multiplex real-time PCR after extraction of viral DNA.ResultsThe mean age of women was 31.98 ± 10.09 years. The HR-HPV infection in the three regions ranged from 26.16% to 43.26% with 35.42% as overall prevalence in women. The most common HR-HPV genotypes in descending order were: HPV 56, 52, 66, 59, 39, 51, 18, 35. The prevalence of bivalent vaccine genotypes (HPV16 / 18) was 7.83% against 63.78% of genotypes not covered by HPV vaccine; 36.32% (170/468) of women had multiple concomitant HR-HPV infections.Conclusionthis study showed significant regional variation and high prevalence of HR-HPV infection in women. The predominant genotypes differ from those covered by available vaccines in Burkina Faso. These results will help guide our health policies towards better prevention of cervical cancer. The diversity of oncogenic genotypes is sparking a large-scale study in the West African sub-region, particularly in cases of cancer and the introduction of the nonavalent vaccine which includes HPV 52 found among the predominant genotypes in this study.

scholarly journals The multimorbidity of hypertension and osteoarthritis and relation with sleep quality and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia in China’s rural population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ran ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Jingyi Zhang ◽  
Xinlong Tu ◽  
Xiaodong Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Remote Rural Area

AbstractHypertension (HTN) and osteoarthritis (OA) are frequent in middle-aged and elderly people, and the co-occurrence of these two diseases is common. However, the pathogenesis of the multimorbidity of both diseases and the relation with sleep quality, hyperlipemia, and hyperglycemia is unclear. We conducted a cross-sectional study to make sense of the multimorbidity of HTN and OA and the relation with sleep quality, hyperlipemia, and hyperglycemia. The relation between sleep quality and OA and its joint effect with hyperlipemia or hyperglycemia was evaluated with logistic regression models. The additive interaction was assessed with the relative excess risk due to interaction (REEI), the attributable proportion (AP), and the synergy index (S). According to this research in a remote rural area, approximately 34.2% of HTN patients are accompanied with OA and 49.1% are suffering poor sleep. Both hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia and sleep quality were related to OA prevalence with crude ORs of 1.43 (95% CI 1.014–2.029) and 1.89 (95% CI 1.411–2.519, P < 0.001) respectively. An observed additive effect was found greater than the sum of the effects of sleep quality and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia posed on OA prevalence alone. This additive interaction was observed in females (OR = 3.19, 95% CI 1.945–5.237) as well as males ≥ 65 years old (OR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.693–4.557), with RERI, AP, and S significant. Therefore, poor sleep and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia are associated with OA, and further studies on the additive interaction among females and males ≥ 65 are warranted.

scholarly journals Doctors’ Knowledge of Hypertension Guidelines Recommendations Reflected in Their Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nafees Ahmad ◽  
Amer Hayat Khan ◽  
Irfanullah Khan ◽  
Amjad Khan ◽  
Muhammad Atif
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Median Number ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Attitude Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Uncomplicated Hypertension ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Hypertension Guidelines

Aim. To evaluate doctors’ knowledge, attitude, and practices and predictors of adherence to Malaysian hypertension guidelines (CPG 2008). Methods. Twenty-six doctors involved in hypertension management at Penang General Hospital were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Doctors’ knowledge and attitudes towards guidelines were evaluated through a self-administered questionnaire. Their practices were evaluated by noting their prescriptions written to 520 established hypertensive outpatients (20 prescriptions/doctor). SPSS 17 was used for data analysis. Results. Nineteen doctors (73.07%) had adequate knowledge of guidelines. Specialists and consultants had significantly better knowledge about guidelines’ recommendations. Doctors were positive towards guidelines with mean attitude score of 23.15±1.34 points on a 30-point scale. The median number of guidelines compliant prescriptions was 13 (range 5–20). Statistically significant correlation (rs = 0.635, P<0.001) was observed between doctors’ knowledge and practice scores. A total of 349 (67.1%) prescriptions written were guidelines compliant. In multivariate analysis hypertension clinic (OR = 0.398, P=0.008), left ventricular hypertrophy (OR = 0.091, P=0.001) and heart failure (OR = 1.923, P=0.039) were significantly associated with guidelines adherence. Conclusion. Doctors’ knowledge of guidelines is reflected in their practice. The gap between guidelines recommendations and practice was seen in the pharmacotherapy of uncomplicated hypertension and hypertension with left ventricular hypertrophy, renal disease, and diabetes mellitus.

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