First report of pulmonary sclerosing pneomucytoma with malignant transformation in both cuboidal surface cells and stromal round cells: a case report

Abstract Background Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is a rare benign tumor. Although lymph node metastasis has been reported, it is still considered benign. No malignant transformation has been reported. This is the first case of malignant transformation of both cuboidal surface cells and stromal round cells. Case presentation A 64-year-old male had been complaining of intermittent hemoptysis several times per day for eight months. Chest computed tomography scan showed parenchymal infiltration with cystic lesion in the right lower lobe accompanied by enlarged right hilar lymph nodes. Lobectomy and systemic lymph node dissection was performed. On grossly pathological examination, the lesion was 50 mm from the bronchial stump. It was a mixture of both cystic and solid components and 30 mm * 20 mm in size with unclear border. Microscopically, the cuboidal surface cells transformed to adenocarcinoma. The stromal round cells also had a malignant transformation. The Ki-67 proliferation index in malignant cuboidal surface cells and stromal round cells were 70 and 55%, respectively. Furthermore, E-cadherin was negative in primary tumor but positive in metastatic lymph node, which suggested that the mesenchymal to epithelial transition may play an important role in lymph node metastasis. Conclusions To our knowledge, we present the first case of malignant transformation of both cuboidal surface cells and stromal round cells in PSP. The process of mesenchymal to epithelial transition may play an important role in lymph node metastasis.

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A Case Report: First Report of a Primary Breast Leiomyosarcoma with Lymph Node Metastasis in Lebanon

International Journal of Clinical Research ◽

10.38179/ijcr.v1i1.10 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 34-38

Author(s):

Hussein Hmadeh ◽

Mohammad Rakka ◽

Layan Abbas ◽

Nizar Bitar ◽

Raed Chehab El Dine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Radical Mastectomy ◽

Left Breast ◽

Breast Mass ◽

Histologic Subtype ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

First Case ◽

Primary Leiomyosarcoma

Background: Primary leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of the breast is an extremely rare histologic subtype of malignant breast tumors. While breast sarcomas account for 0.0006% of all breast malignancies, primary leiomyosarcoma constitutes only 5-10% of breast sarcomas themselves. To date, the total number of reported cases in the literature is less than 70 cases with the first case reported in 1968. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first case reported from Lebanon, with only 2 cases previously reported in the Middle East, specifically in Morocco. Case Report: We report the case of a 48-year-old, white, previously healthy female patient, presenting for a breast mass. She first noticed it three months prior to presentation in her left breast and reports that since then, the lump has been growing and her breast has become more painful and erythematous over time. Physical examination revealed an immobile and tender mass of around 12 cm in diameter. A core biopsy was done followed by a left modified radical mastectomy with lymph node dissection. Pathology of the specimen showed a tumor composed of spindle cells arranged in fascicles invading the dermis, with irregular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Immunohistochemical staining confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade leiomyosarcoma. Conclusion: We presented this case of leiomyosarcoma with lymph node metastasis to contribute to the scarce literature regarding this disease. Due to the rarity of this diagnosis, not enough data exists regarding treatment and prognosis. Physicians need to review the literature for relevant cases to achieve the best outcome for their patients. Keywords: breast mass, leiomyosarcoma, rare, case report, breast sarcomas, lymph node

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Breast Cancer Combined with Contralateral Neck Lymph Node Metastasis. Case Report

10.21203/rs.3.rs-917470/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoxiao Zhong ◽

Fengjiao Ding ◽

Liyuan Qian ◽

Wei Wu ◽

Yanguang Wen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

Pathological Examination ◽

Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽

Neck Lymph Node ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Neck Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

The Right

Abstract Background: Contralateral neck lymph node metastasis is rare for primary breast cancer. Its clinical stage and treatment principles are lack of authoritative guidelines. A 30-year-old breast cancer patient with contralateral neck lymph node metastasis is presented. The clinical treatment is discussed combined with current research.Case presentation: A 30-year-old woman presented with a right breast mass for 5 months and left neck lymph node enlargement for 5 days. The mammography showed a 33mm*14.3mm mass in the inner quadrant of right breast. The ultrasound showed several hypoechoic nodules on the left side of the neck. Rapid intraoperative pathological examination diagnosed right breast malignant tumor and poorly differentiated carcinoma of the left cervical lymph nodes. Then the right mastectomy was performed immediately. The patient was scheduled to administer chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, radiotherapy and endocrinotherapy after operation. The long-term efficacy remains to be seen.Conclusion: The infrequent presentation of breast cancer with metastasis to the contralateral neck lymph node can be challenged for standard therapies.

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Is lymph node dissection mandatory among early stage endometrial cancer patients? A retrospective study

BMC Women s Health ◽

10.1186/s12905-020-01128-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Guangmin Zhang ◽

Hongyou Chen ◽

Yanying Liu ◽

Liyan Niu ◽

Liming Jin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endometrial Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lymph Node Dissection ◽

Vaginal Hysterectomy ◽

Uterine Cavity ◽

Pathological Examination ◽

Node Dissection ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Laparoscopic Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy

Abstract Background Whether routine lymph node dissection for early endometrial cancer is beneficial to survival is still controversial. However, surgeons usually perform lymph node dissection on all patients with early endometrial cancer. This study aimed to prove that the risk of lymph node metastasis, as defined by our standard, is very low in such patients and may change the current surgical practice. Methods 36 consecutive patients who had staged surgery for endometrial cancer were collected. All eligible patients meet the following very low risk criteria for lymph node metastasis, including: (1) preoperative diagnosis of endometrial cancer (preoperative pathological diagnosis), (2) tumors confined to the uterine cavity and not beyond the uterine body, (3) PET-MRI lymph node metastasis test is negative. PET-MRI and pathological examination were used to assess the extent and size of the tumor, the degree of muscular invasion, and lymph node metastasis. Results The median age at diagnosis was 52 years (range 35–72 years). The median tumor size on PET-MRI was 2.82 cm (range 0.66–6.37 cm). Six patients underwent robotic surgery, 20 underwent laparoscopic surgery, 8 underwent Laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy, and 2 underwent vaginal hysterectomy. 23% (63.9%) patients had high-grade (i.e. 2 and 3) tumors. Among the 36 patients who underwent lymph node sampling, the median number of lymph nodes retrieved was 32 (range 9–57 nodules). No patient (0%) was diagnosed with lymph node metastasis. According to the policy of each institution, 8 patients (22.2%) received adjuvant therapy, and half of them also received chemotherapy (4 patients; 50%). Conclusions None of the patients who met the criteria had a pathological assessment of lymph node metastasis. Omitting lymph node dissection may be reasonable for patients who meet our criteria.

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The comparison of accuracy between PET and PET/CT for detecting lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer: Prospective surgicopathologic study

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.5587 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 5587-5587

Author(s):

J. Park ◽

S. Seo ◽

S. Kang ◽

S. Lim ◽

M. Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Metastatic Lymph Node ◽

Metastatic Tumor ◽

Clinical Staging ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Pet Ct

5587 Background: Previosly, we reported the accuracy of positron emission tomography with 2-[fluorine18] fluoro-2-deoxy-D- glucose (FDG-PET) for detecting metastatic lymph node (LN) in cervical cancer (Eur J Cancer 2005: 41; 2086–92). The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the accuracy of PET/CT for detecting lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer and to compare the accuracy between PET and PET/CT. Methods: From May 2002 to Jul 2006, 86 patients with untreated stage IB-IVA cervical cancer were enrolled. All patients underwent pretreatment clinical staging including PET (May 2002-Aug 2003, 54 patients) or PET/CT (Jan 2004-Jul 2006, 32 patients) followed by surgical staging including systematic pelvic and paraaortic lymph node (PLN and PALN) dissection. To enable region specific comparisons, PALN and PLN were divided into eight regions: both PALN, both common iliac areas, both external iliac areas, and both internal iliac/obturator areas. Each lymph node was sliced at 2-mm intervals perpendicular to the greatest dimension to maximize the likelihood of detecting micrometastases. All metastatic tumor size in each involved lymph node was measured. Histopathologic evaluation of lymph nodes was the diagnostic standard. The study protocol was approved by Institutioal Review Board, and a written informed consent was obtained. Results: A total of 688 LN regions were evaluated. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of PET and PET/CT are shown in Table 1 . As the metastatic tumor size increased, the sensitivity of PET and PET/CT was improved. Although there were no differences in sensitivity for detecting large sized (> 5mm or 10mm) metastatic tumor, PET/CT was more sensitive than PET for all pathologically proven LN metastasis which included small sized (< 5mm) metastatic tumor. Conclusions: PET/CT was more sensitive than PET for detecting small sized (<5mm) lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Staging of gastric cancer: Comparison of post-operative pathologic staging to pre-operative CT and endoscopic ultrasonographic staging.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.11 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (4_suppl) ◽

pp. 11-11

Author(s):

Sung Min Jung ◽

Dae Young Cheung ◽

Jin Il Kim ◽

Jae J. Kim ◽

Sang Woo Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection ◽

Medical Records ◽

Metastatic Lymph Node ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Pathologic Staging ◽

Staging Of Gastric Cancer ◽

Operative Staging

11 Background: Stomach CT and endoscopic ultrasonography are used for evaluating pre-operative staging of gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the pre-operative CT and endoscopic ultrasonographic staging to post-operative pathologic staging. Methods: We reviewed medical records of 567 patients with gastric cancer from 2012 to 2015, and compared their pre-operative CT staging to post-operative pathologic staging. Among the 567 patients, 149 patients underwent pre-operative endoscopic ultrasonographic staging, so we compared their pre-operative endoscopic ultrasonographic staging to post-operative pathologic staging. We also investigated lymph node metastasis in 146 patients with gastric cancer invading submucosa, planning to undergo endoscopic submucosal dissection. Results: The numbers of patients diagnosed as T1, T2, T3, T41, and T4b by pre-operative CT staging were 327, 97, 93, 46, and 4, respectively. However, the numbers of patients diagnosed as T1, T2, T3, T41, and T4b by post-operative pathologic staging were 208, 153, 53, 83, 62, and 8, resulting the pre-operative CT staging to be under-estimated. Similarly, pre-operative endoscopic ultrasonographic staging was also under-estimated, as although 48, 67, 32, and 2 patients were diagnosed as T1a, T1b, T2, and T3, respectively, by the pre-operative endoscopic ultrasonographic staging, post-operative pathologic staging revealed 72, 55, 13, 7, and 2 patients. In patients with gastric cancer invading submucosa (sm), there were 56 patients with sm1 invasion, 32 patients with sm2 invasion, and 91 patients with sm3 invasion. Lymph node metastasis was observed in 7 patients with sm1 invasion, 3 patients with sm2 invasion, and 22 patients with sm3 invasion. Poorly cohesive gastric cancer was the most common pathologic diagnosis in patients with metastatic lymph node. Conclusions: Physicians should keep in mind that pre-operative stomach CT and endoscopic ultrasonographic staging can be under-estimated compared to post-operative pathologic staging. Also, patients with poorly cohesive adenocarcinoma had more lymph node metastasis than patients with differentiated adenocarcinoma.

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Siglec-15 Is an Immune Suppressor and Potential Target for Immunotherapy in the Pre-Metastatic Lymph Node of Colorectal Cancer

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology ◽

10.3389/fcell.2021.691937 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Hang Du ◽

Jingling Tang ◽

Xiaoyun Li ◽

Xinjun Wang ◽

Liyun Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Metastatic Lymph Node ◽

Sentinel Lymph Nodes ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

Metastatic Lymph ◽

Colorectal Cancer Patients

Lymph node metastasis indicates a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. To better understand the underlying mechanisms of lymph node metastasis, we analyzed transcriptome characteristics of the pre-metastatic lymph node, a putative microenvironment favorable for the seeding and proliferation of cancer cells. Thus, we tried to compare and elucidate the transcriptional and immune characteristics of sentinel lymph nodes (SNs) with matched non-sentinel lymph nodes (NSNs) in colorectal cancer patients. In this study, a total of 38 pairs of SNs and NSNs were collected, in which 26 pairs of non-metastatic lymph nodes were subjected to RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis for the gene expression profiles. There were 16 differentially expressed genes between SNs and NSNs being identified, including 9 upregulated and 7 downregulated genes in SN. Gene Ontology (GO) classification analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in leukocyte differentiation, chemokine secretion, and immune system regulation. In the meantime, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that immune-related signaling pathways, such as transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling, were enriched in NSN, while cell proliferation–related signaling pathways were enriched in SN, including MYC signaling and G2M checkpoint signaling. We further identified SIGLEC15 as a top upregulated gene in SN. However, RNAscope assay showed that SIGLEC15 was not largely co-expressed with M2 macrophage marker CD163. We then selected eight pairs of lymph nodes for further cytological studies. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that Siglec-15 was expressed on all myeloid cell subsets. The relative expression of SEGLEC15 (SN/NSN) was correlated with the microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal cancer patients. Further studies found that small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)-mediated silencing of SLGLEC15 can enhance the anti-tumor function of T cells, as indicated by cytokine release analysis. In conclusion, we presented here a first report on the gene expression profiling of the pre-metastatic lymph node in colorectal cancer. The findings in this study suggest that SIGLEC15 plays an important role in SN immunosuppression. SEGLEC15 silencing could be a therapeutic strategy for restoring T cell function in tumor SNs.

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Mib-1 proliferation index is an independent predictor of lymph node metastasis in invasive breast cancer: A prospective study on 675 patients

Oncology Reports ◽

10.3892/or.15.2.425 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Daniele Marrelli ◽

Enrico Pinto ◽

Alessandro Neri ◽

Tiziana Megha ◽

Walter Gioffrè ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Invasive Breast Cancer ◽

Independent Predictor ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Mib 1

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Celiac and Perigastric Lymph Node Metastasis of Prostate Cancer Diagnosed with Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1155/2009/584734 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 479-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tan Attila ◽

Reva Ricketts-Loriaux ◽

David A Sauer ◽

Douglas O Faigel

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Node Metastasis ◽

Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽

Fine Needle Aspiration ◽

Needle Aspiration ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Fine Needle ◽

Node Metastasis ◽

First Case

Endoscopic ultrasound has been used to diagnose and stage gastrointestinal and nongastrointestinal tumours. To our knowledge, the present report describes the first case of celiac and perigastric lymph node metastasis of prostate cancer diagnosed with endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration.

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