scholarly journals Stage of cancer diagnoses among migrants from the former Soviet Union in comparison to the German population – are diagnoses among migrants delayed?

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
An Bin Cho ◽  
Philipp Jaehn ◽  
Bernd Holleczek ◽  
Heiko Becher ◽  
Volker Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
German Population

scholarly journals Migration pattern and mortality of ethnic German migrants from the former Soviet Union: a cohort study in Germany

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e019213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Kaucher ◽  
Andreas Deckert ◽  
Heiko Becher ◽  
Volker Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Migration Pattern ◽  
German Population ◽  
Federal States ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Studies ◽  
Legislative Changes

ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate all-cause and cause-specific mortality among ethnic German migrants from the former Soviet Union by different immigration periods to describe associations with migration pattern and mortality.DesignWe used pooled data from three retrospective cohort studies in Germany.ParticipantsEthnic German migrants from the former Soviet Union (called resettlers), who immigrated to Germany since 1990 to the federal states North Rhine-Westphalia and Saarland and to the region of Augsburg (n=59 390).OutcomeAll-cause and cause-specific mortality among resettlers in comparison to the general German population, separated by immigration period.MethodsImmigration periods were defined following legislative changes in German immigration policy (1990–1992, 1993–1995, 1996+). Resettlers’ characteristics were described accordingly. To investigate mortality differences by immigration period, we calculated age-standardised mortality rates (ASRs) and standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) of resettlers in comparison to the general German population. Additionally, we modelled sex-specific ASRs with Poisson regression, using age, year and immigration period as independent variables.ResultsThe composition of resettlers differed by immigration period. Since 1993, the percentage of resettlers from the Russian Federation and non-German spouses increased. Higher all-cause mortality was found among resettlers who immigrated in 1996 and after (ASR 628.1, 95% CI 595.3 to 660.8), compared with resettlers who immigrated before 1993 (ASR 561.8, 95% CI 537.2 to 586.4). SMR analysis showed higher all-cause mortality among resettler men from the last immigration period compared with German men (SMR 1.11, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.19), whereas resettlers who immigrated earlier showed lower all-cause mortality. Results from Poisson regression, adjusted for age and year, corroborated those findings.ConclusionsMortality differences by immigration period suggest different risk-factor patterns and possibly deteriorated integration opportunities. Health policy should guard the consequences of immigration law alterations with respect to changing compositions of migrant groups and their health status.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Intestinal Gastric Cancer among Resettlers in Germany—Do Resettlers Remain at an Elevated Risk in Comparison to the General Population?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9215
Author(s):  
Anna Lindblad ◽  
Simone Kaucher ◽  
Philipp Jaehn ◽  
Hiltraud Kajüter ◽  
Bernd Holleczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
General Population ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
German Population ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Disease Pattern ◽  
Over Time

Objective: Previous studies have shown that the incidence of gastric cancer (GC), and particularly intestinal GC, is higher among resettlers from the former Soviet Union (FSU) than in the general German population. Our aim was to investigate if the higher risk remains over time. Methods: GC cases between 1994 and 2013, in a cohort of 32,972 resettlers, were identified by the respective federal cancer registry. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were analyzed in comparison to the general population for GC subtypes according to the Laurén classification. Additionally, the cohort was pooled with data from a second resettler cohort from Saarland to investigate time trends using negative binomial regression. Results: The incidence of intestinal GC was elevated among resettlers in comparison to the general population (SIR (men) 1.64, 95% CI: 1.09–2.37; SIR (women) 1.91, 95% CI: 1.15–2.98). The analysis with the pooled data confirmed an elevated SIR, which was stable over time. Conclusion: Resettlers’ higher risk of developing intestinal GC does not attenuate towards the incidence in the general German population. Dietary and lifestyle patterns might amplify the risk of GC, and we believe that further investigation of risk behaviors is needed to better understand the development of disease pattern among migrants.

scholarly journals The Health Status and Healthcare Utilization of Ethnic Germans in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Charlotte Arena ◽  
Christine Holmberg ◽  
Volker Winkler ◽  
Philipp Jaehn
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
German Population ◽  
Majority Population ◽  
Ethnic Germans ◽  
Monitoring Survey ◽  
Migrant Groups

Ethnic German resettlers from the former Soviet Union are one of the largest migrant groups in Germany. In comparison with the majority of the German population, resettlers exhibit worse subjective health and utilize fewer preventive measures. However, there is little evidence on health among ethnic Germans who remained in Russia. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the differences in subjective health, diabetes, smoking, and utilization of health check-ups between ethnic Germans and the majority population in Russia. We used data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey II from 1994 to 2018 (general population of Russia n = 41,675, ethnic Germans n = 158). Multilevel logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) adjusted for age, sex, period, and place of residence. Analyses were furthermore stratified by the periods 1994–2005 and 2006–2018. Ethnic Germans in Russia rated their health less often as good compared with the Russian majority population (OR = 0.67, CI = 0.48–0.92). Furthermore, ethnic Germans were more likely to smoke after 2006 (OR = 1.91, CI = 1.09–3.37). Lower subjective health among ethnic Germans in Russia is in line with findings among minority populations in Europe. Increased odds of smoking after 2006 may indicate the deteriorating risk behavior of ethnic Germans in Russia.

scholarly journals Genetic Variation and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Cohort Study on Migrants from the Former Soviet Union and a Native German Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6215
Author(s):  
Marianne Huebner ◽  
Daniela Börnigen ◽  
Andreas Deckert ◽  
Rolf Holle ◽  
Christa Meisinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
German Population ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Study Population

Resettlers are a large migrant group of more than 2 million people in Germany who migrated mainly from the former Soviet Union to Germany after 1989. We sought to compare the distribution of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to investigate the overall genetic differences in a study population which consisted of resettlers and native (autochthone) Germans. This was a joint analysis of two cohort studies which were performed in the region of Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany, with 3363 native Germans and 363 resettlers. Data from questionnaires and physical examinations were used to compare the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases between the resettlers and native Germans. A population-based genome-wide association analysis was performed in order to identify the genetic differences between the two groups. The distribution of the major risk factors for CVD differed between the two groups. The resettlers lead a less active lifestyle. While female resettlers smoked less than their German counterparts, the men showed similar smoking behavior. SNPs from three genes (BTNL2, DGKB, TGFBR3) indicated a difference in the two populations. In other studies, these genes have been shown to be associated with CVD, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis, respectively.

scholarly journals Aussiedler Mortality (AMOR): cohort studies on ethnic German migrants from the Former Soviet Union

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e024865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Winkler ◽  
Simone Kaucher ◽  
Andreas Deckert ◽  
Valentina Leier ◽  
Bernd Holleczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
German Population ◽  
Migrant Group ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Federal States ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Set Up

PurposeThe Aussiedler Mortality cohorts represent the unique migrant group of ethnic Germans (resettlers) from the former Soviet Union who migrated to Germany mainly after the fall of the iron curtain in 1989. Resettlers are the second largest migrant group in Germany and their health status was largely unknown before the cohorts were set up.ParticipantsFour retrospective register-based cohorts were set up in different federal states of Germany, each focussing on different health aspects. In total, the cohorts include 92 362 resettlers (men: 51.5%, women: 48.5%) who immigrated between 1990 and 2005 with a mean age at immigration of 36.6 years (range 0–105 years). Resettlers are of German ancestry and they are immediately granted the German citizenship with all rights and duties.Findings to dateVital status and causes of death (International Classification of Diseases codes based on death certificates or record linkage) were collected for three cohorts as well as cancer incidence and incidence of acute myocardial infarction in three of the cohorts. Currently, an observation period of 20 years (1990–2009) is covered. Overall mortality among resettlers was surprisingly lower in comparison to the German population with standardised mortality ratios of 0.87 (95% confidence limits 0.84–0.91) for women and 0.96 (0.92–0.99) for men, and even stronger for cardiovascular diseases (women: 0.84 (0.79–0.89); men: 0.80 (0.75–0.86). However, observed differences can neither be explained by the ‘healthy migrant effect’ nor by common behavioural risk factors and may be related to factors which have not yet been studied.Future plansThe existing cohorts will be continued and prospective studies on resettlers are underway: one cohort will be followed-up prospectively and two other large prospective cohort studies in Germany will be used for a detailed assessment of lifestyle, environmental and genetic/epigenetic factors on the mortality and morbidity pattern of resettlers.

scholarly journals Colorectal Cancer among Resettlers from the Former Soviet Union and in the General German Population: Clinical and Pathological Characteristics and Trends

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4547
Author(s):  
Melani Ratih Mahanani ◽  
Simone Kaucher ◽  
Hiltraud Kajüter ◽  
Bernd Holleczek ◽  
Heiko Becher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
General Population ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
German Population ◽  
Pathological Characteristics ◽  
General Populations

This study examined time trends and clinical and pathological characteristics of colorectal cancer (CRC) among ethnic German migrants from the Former Soviet Union (resettlers) and the general German population. Incidence data from two population-based cancer registries were used to analyze CRC as age-standardized rates (ASRs) over time. The respective general populations and resettler cohorts were used to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) by time-period (before and after the introduction of screening colonoscopy in 2002), tumor location, histologic type, grade, and stage at diagnosis. Additionally, SIRs were modeled with Poisson regression to depict time trends. During the study period from 1990 to 2013, the general populations showed a yearly increase of ASR, but for age above 55, truncated ASR started to decline after 2002. Among resettlers, 229 CRC cases were observed, resulting in a lowered incidence for all clinical and pathological characteristics compared to the general population (overall SIR: 0.78, 95% CI 0.68–0.89). Regression analysis revealed an increasing SIR trend after 2002. Population-wide CRC incidence decreases after the introduction of screening colonoscopy. In contrast the lowered CRC incidence among resettlers is attenuating to the general population after 2002, suggesting that resettlers do not benefit equally from screening colonoscopy.

Marital Stability Among Jewish and Mixed Couples Following Immigration to Israel From the Former Soviet Union

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoav Lavee ◽  
Ludmila Krivosh
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Marital Stability ◽  
Marital Instability ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
Marital Outcomes ◽  
Jewish Immigrants

This research aims to identify factors associated with marital instability among Jewish and mixed (Jewish and non-Jewish) couples following immigration from the former Soviet Union. Based on the Strangeness Theory and the Model of Acculturation, we predicted that non-Jewish immigrants would be less well adjusted personally and socially to Israeli society than Jewish immigrants and that endogamous Jewish couples would have better interpersonal congruence than mixed couples in terms of personal and social adjustment. The sample included 92 Jewish couples and 92 ethnically-mixed couples, of which 82 couples (40 Jewish, 42 mixed) divorced or separated after immigration and 102 couples (52 Jewish, 50 ethnically mixed) remained married. Significant differences were found between Jewish and non-Jewish immigrants in personal adjustment, and between endogamous and ethnically-mixed couples in the congruence between spouses in their personal and social adjustment. Marital instability was best explained by interpersonal disparity in cultural identity and in adjustment to life in Israel. The findings expand the knowledge on marital outcomes of immigration, in general, and immigration of mixed marriages, in particular.

The Contribution of Pavlov's Typology of CNS Properties to Personality Research

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Strelau
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
The West ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Personality Theories ◽  
Strength Of Excitation ◽  
Point Of Departure

This paper presents Pavlov's contribution to the development of biological-oriented personality theories. Taking a short description of Pavlov's typology of central nervous system (CNS) properties as a point of departure, it shows how, and to what extent, this typology influenced further research in the former Soviet Union as well as in the West. Of special significance for the development of biologically oriented personality dimensions was the conditioned reflex paradigm introduced by Pavlov for studying individual differences in dogs. This paradigm was used by Russian psychologists in research on types of nervous systems conducted in different animal species as well as for assessing temperament in children and adults. Also, personality psychologists in the West, such as Eysenck, Spence, and Gray, incorporated the CR paradigm into their theories. Among the basic properties of excitation and inhibition on which Pavlov's typology was based, strength of excitation and the basic indicator of this property, protective inhibition, gained the highest popularity in arousaloriented personality theories. Many studies have been conducted in which the Pavlovian constructs of CNS properties have been related to different personality dimensions. In current research the behavioral expressions of the Pavlovian constructs of strength of excitation, strength of inhibition, and mobility of nervous processes as measured by the Pavlovian Temperament Survey (PTS) have been related to over a dozen of personality dimensions, mostly referring to temperament.

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