Uptake of pre-cervical cancer screening and associated factors among reproductive age women in Debre Markos town, Northwest Ethiopia, 2017

Background: Cervical cancer is preventable so awareness can be as effective as any other method to prevent it.The study aims to assess awareness and attitude regarding cervical cancer screening among reproductive age women in a tertiary level hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was carried out among 170 reproductive age women attending Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital using purposive sampling technique. A semi structured interview schedule was used to collect data via face to face interview. Data was summarized using frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with awareness and attitude. Results: Among 170 reproductive age women, mean age was 31.49 ± 8.70 years. Majority 151 (88.8%) of the women had heard of cervical cancer while 119 (70%) of them had heard about cervical cancer screening. Among them, only 17 (11.3%) had adequate awareness regarding cervical cancer screening. Seventy five (46.6%) of the women had positive attitude towards cervical cancer screening. Employment status [95% CI (0.01-0.38), AOR=0.06, p=0.003] was associated with awareness whereas, ethnicity, employment status and marital status were associated with attitude. Conclusions: Most of the women were unaware about the cervical cancer screening but nearly half of the respondents had positive attitude. Therefore it is very crucial to provide health education and awareness through supervised client education. Focused group discussion as an effective approach of awareness program can be conducted in order to include specific group such as unemployed and unmarried women. Keywords: Attitude; awareness; cervical cancer; reproductive age women; screening

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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Cervical Cancer Screening and Associated Factors Among Reproductive Aged Women in Ethiopia: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-24245/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yoseph Merkeb Alamneh ◽

Alehegn Aderaw Alamneh ◽

Abtie Abebaw Shiferaw

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cervical Cancer Screening ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

National Level ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Level Of Knowledge ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Abstract Background: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths, accounting for 9% of female cancer deaths. In addition, more than 85% of cervical cancer related deaths are found in low and middle-income countries. Women’s knowledge and attitude are barriers for the uptake of cervical cancer screening service in Ethiopia. Studies conducted on knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among reproductive age women are inconsistent. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the national level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening and associated factors among women aged 15-49 years in Ethiopia.Methods: An international database such as PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Google Scholar, Science Direct Cochrane library, and Grey literature databases were searched an extensively. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2009 guideline were pursued for this review. The quality of each study was assessed using Newcastle- Ottawa quality assessment tool. Stata version 14 was used to analyze the data. We have used a random effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence and odds ratio with 95% CI. The possible heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I-squared (I2) test statistic. Egger’s test was used to assess the publication bias. Result: Eighteen studies with a total of 9, 897 women were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled national level of knowledge, attitude and practice towards cervical cancer screening among 15-49 years old aged women in Ethiopia was 40.37% (95% CI: 30.09,50.66), 58.87% (95% CI: 42.69,75.05) and 14.02% (95% CI: 9.67,18.37) respectively. Being uneducated (OR: 3.10, 95% CI: 2.09,4.62), Women who had good knowledge (OR: 5.87, 95% CI: 2.57,13.40), Women who had positive attitude (OR: 4.20, 95% CI: 2.86,6.16) and not being married (OR: 3.34, 95% CI: 1.09,10.22) were the major factors of cervical cancer screening practice. Conclusions and Recommendation: This review showed that the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of cervical cancer screening among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia was relatively lower. Educational status, knowledge, attitude and marital status were statistically significant factors for cervical cancer screening practice. Hence, the health care provider needs to scale up health education and awareness creation about cervical cancer screening and early detection and prevention of cervical cancer.

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Cervical cancer screening “see and treat approach”: real-life uptake after invitation and associated factors at health facilities in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-021-08761-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Alemnew Destaw ◽

Miresa Midaksa ◽

Adamu Addissie ◽

Eva Johanna Kantelhardt ◽

Muluken Gizaw

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cervical Cancer Screening ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Real Life ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Special Focus ◽

Screening Uptake ◽

Screening Coverage

Abstract Background Although cervical cancer is a preventable disease, screening coverage in Ethiopia is far below the target. There is limited evidence on uptake among the general population in Ethiopia. Thus, this study was conducted to assess uptake and associated factors with the cervical cancer screening “see and treat approach” among eligible women in public health facilities in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia. Method A facility-based, cross-sectional study was conducted. The total sample size was 493. A consecutive sampling method was applied. Participants were informed about and invited to cervical cancer screening using visual inspection with acetic acid. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated to determine statistical association with socio-demographic variables. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors of cervical cancer screening uptake. Result Out of 464 women advised for screening, 76 (16.4, 95% CI [13, 19.8%]) attended the screening. Primary education and above (AOR = 5.3, 95% CI [2.20, 13.0]), knowledge about the disease (AOR = 8.4, 95% CI [3.33, 21.21]), perceived susceptibility (AOR = 6.5, 95% CI [2.72, 15.51]), fewer perceived barriers (AOR = 6.4, 95% CI [2.30, 17.80]), cues to action (AOR = 4.6, 95% CI [1.86, 11.32]), perceived self-efficacy (AOR = 5, 95% CI [2.14, 11.73]), and previous recommendation for screening (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI [1.15, 6.51]) were significantly associated with screening uptake. Conclusion The actual uptake of screening offered in this study was high relative to only 3% national screening coverage. There is a need to implement active invitation for screening with special focus on less-educated women. Repeated invitation may facilitate future screening uptake.

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Cervical cancer screening “see and treat approach”: real-life uptake after invitation and associated factors at health facilities in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.3.rs-200526/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alemnew Destaw ◽

Miresa Midaksa ◽

Adamu Addissie ◽

Eva Johanna Kantelhardt ◽

Muluken Gizaw

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cervical Cancer Screening ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Real Life ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Special Focus ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Screening Coverage

Abstract Background:Although cervical cancer is a preventable disease, screening coverage in Ethiopia is far below the target. There is limited evidence on uptake among the general population in Ethiopia. Thus, this study was conducted to assess uptake and associated factors with the cervical cancer screening "see and treat approach" among eligible women in public health facilities in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia.Method:A facility-based, cross-sectional study was conducted. The total sample size was 493. A consecutive sampling method was applied. Participants were informed about and invited to cervical cancer screening using visual inspection with acetic acid. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were calculated to determine statistical association with socio-demographic variables. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors of cervical cancer screening uptake.Result:Out of 464 women advised for screening, 76 (16.4%, 95% CI [13%, 19.8%]) attended the screening. Primary education and above (AOR = 5.3, 95% CI [2.20, 13.0]), knowledge about the disease (AOR = 8.4, 95% CI [3.33, 21.21]), perceived susceptibility (AOR = 6.5, 95% CI [2.72, 15.51]), fewer perceived barriers (AOR = 6.4, 95% CI [2.30, 17.80]), cues to action (AOR = 4.6, 95% CI [1.86, 11.32]), perceived self-efficacy (AOR = 5, 95% CI [2.14, 11.73]), and previous recommendation for screening (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI [1.15, 6.51]) were significantly associated with screening uptake.Conclusion:The actual uptake of screening offered in this study was high relative to only 3% national screening coverage. There is a need to implement active invitation for screening with special focus on less-educated women. Repeated invitation may facilitate future screening uptake.

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Cervical Cancer Screening Utilization and Associated Factors Among Women Aged 30 to 49 Years in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia

Cancer Control ◽

10.1177/1073274820958701 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 107327482095870

Author(s):

Yalelet Belay ◽

Merga Dheresa ◽

Alekaw Sema ◽

Assefa Desalew ◽

Nega Assefa

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

High Risk ◽

Cervical Cancer Screening ◽

Service Utilization ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Screening Service ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Dire Dawa

Background: Cervical cancer is a public health problem and one of the leading causes of death in women worldwide. In Ethiopia, the government expands cervical cancer screening centers and recommends services to age-eligible and high-risk groups of women. However, evidence indicates that the utilization of services among eligible and high-risk women in the country has remained very low, and data are scarce in Dire Dawa. Therefore, this study aimed to assess cervical cancer screening service utilization and associated factors among women aged 30 to 49 years in Dire Dawa, eastern Ethiopia. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was undertaken in Dire Dawa from February 01 to March 01, 2017. Only two facilities provided the screening service in Dire Dawa Administration. Six- hundred and one women aged 30 to 49 years were selected using a systematic sampling method. Data were collected using a pretested face-to-face interview administered questionnaire. Data were entered using EpiData 3.1, and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science Version 21. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the factors associated with cervical cancer screening utilization. An adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was used, and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: In this study, the magnitude of cervical cancer screening service utilization was 4.0% (95% CI: 2.5-5.7). The factors associated with cervical cancer screening service utilization were older age (AOR = 4.2; 95% CI:1.3-13.8), attending private health facilities (AOR = 8.9; 95% CI: 2.8-28.0), being employed (AOR = 3.3; 95% CI: 1.3-8.8), visiting the gynecology departments (AOR = 3.8; 95% CI: 1.5-9.8), being knowledgeable (AOR = 4.8; 95% CI: 1.5-15.5), being counseled by health professionals (AOR = 4.1; 95% CI: 1.5-11.3), and user’s of family planning (AOR = 4.9; 95% CI: 1.2-20.0). Conclusion: The magnitude of cervical cancer screening utilization was very low. Hence, to improve the screening service utilization of cervical cancer, a campaign on community awareness, strengthening service linkage among departments, expansion of the centers for cervical cancer screening, and promotion of family planning method utilization are recommended.

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Comprehensive knowledge and uptake of cervical cancer screening is low among women living with HIV/AIDS in Northwest Ethiopia

Gynecologic Oncology Research and Practice ◽

10.1186/s40661-017-0057-6 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Daniel Asfaw Erku ◽

Adeladlew Kassie Netere ◽

Amanual Getnet Mersha ◽

Sileshi Ayele Abebe ◽

Abebe Basazn Mekuria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cervical Cancer Screening ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Women Living With Hiv ◽

Comprehensive Knowledge ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Hiv Aids

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KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES IN CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING IN KAKAMEGA COUNTY, KENYA

Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing ◽

10.47604/jhmn.1427 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 51-66

Author(s):

Gregory Sakwa ◽

Peter Bukhala ◽

Mary Kipmerewo ◽

Zachary Kwena

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cervical Cancer Screening ◽

Positive Attitude ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Research Approach ◽

Unique Contribution ◽

Care Providers ◽

Poor Knowledge

Purpose: Early cervical cancer screening (CCS) and treatment is effective method of controlling the disease, however its uptake is poor. Women only screen for cervical cancer when they experience symptoms or when advised by healthcare workers. Main objective of the study was to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of cervical cancer screening among women in Kakamega County. Methodology: The target population was 208,905 women of reproductive age residing in Kakamega County. This was a quantitative research approach utilizing descriptive study design. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Multi-stage sampling was used to select 872 women aged 25-49 from 16 community units of Kakamega County. Participants were assured of confidentiality, voluntary participation and freedom to exit the study at any point. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze knowledge and attitude levels towards cervical cancer screening. Logistic regression along with odds ratios at 95% confidence intervals was used to analyze factors affecting uptake of screening. Findings: Majority (81%) of participants had heard of cervical cancer screening mainly from media and Health Care workers. Only 16 % and 13% had good knowledge about signs of and risk factors of cervical cancer respectively. More than 78% had positive attitude towards cervical cancer screening. Less than 22% of participants had been screened for cervical cancer previously. Uptake of cervical cancer screening was low, and there was poor knowledge on aspects of cervical cancer. Poor to average knowledge is not sufficient to enable women make decisive actions on CCS. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Women should be encouraged to seek for more information about CCS through the various sources of media available to them. Healthcare providers need to be empowered further on delivering key information about CCS. The Ministry of Health should consider and strengthen alternative sources of information on CCS by use of Community Health Volunteers to complement health care providers. The government should further initiate a monitoring and evaluation program to track trends of factors barring uptake of CCS. A qualitative research need to be conducted to establish deeper factors associated with poor knowledge and uptake of CCS despite positive attitude.

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Utilisation and Perceptions of Cervical Cancer Screening Services

Africa Journal of Nursing and Midwifery ◽

10.25159/2520-5293/6228 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mercy Kokuro ◽

Abigail Kusi-Amponsah Diji

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Cervical Cancer Screening ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Screening Services ◽

Study Sites

Cervical cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed and the fourth commonest cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Even though cervical cancer is preventable, its screening rate has been reported to be low in Ghana. To the best of our knowledge, no study has focused on the utilisation and perceptions of cervical cancer among women in their reproductive age in Ghana. The present study aimed at assessing the utilisation and perceptions of cervical cancer screening services among women who seek reproductive healthcare services. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among women aged 18 years and above. Using a two-stage sampling technique, 369 participants were selected from 2 out of 4 eligible study sites. Data on the perceptions and utilisation of cervical cancer screening services were collected following ethical approval. The data were collected using both English and Twi versions of the questionnaire. The data were descriptively and inferentially analysed. A few of the participants had been previously screened for cervical cancer (n = 69; 18.7%), while a greater proportion of the participants appropriately perceived the screening benefits (> 70%), and an equally greater percentage of them harboured negative perceptions which prevented them from engaging in such endeavours (> 80%). Significant differences in perception were, however, observed in two-fifths of the studied areas (6/14) among the screened and unscreened participants. Cervical cancer screening services were not utilised by the majority of the participating women. Screening was associated with socio-demographic characteristics such as marital status, parity, education, and employment status. Inappropriate perceptions on cervical cancer screening may account for the low utilisation of cervical cancer screening. Therefore, all-inclusive health education on the benefits of cervical cancer screening for both women and men should be a priority for stakeholders and all health organisations.

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