scholarly journals Dental caries experience and socio-economic status among Iranian children: a multilevel analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Ghasemianpour ◽  
Soheila Bakhshandeh ◽  
Armin Shirvani ◽  
Naghmeh Emadi ◽  
Hamid Samadzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Poisson Regression Analysis ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Iranian Children

Abstract Background Socio-economic factors are considered as main determinants causing disparities in oral health across different countries. The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations of social and economic factors with dental caries experience among 6- and 12-year-old Iranian children. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 31,146 students, aged 6 and 12 years old, were enrolled from all (31) provinces in Iran. Based on the standardized World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for oral health surveys, dental caries indices in primary and permanent teeth were assessed by clinical examination in schools. Data on socio-economic status was obtained from the modified WHO questionnaire and national data bank. The decayed, missing and filled teeth (dmft/DMFT) indices for primary and permanent dentition were compared at the individual and provincial levels using multilevel regression analysis. Poisson regression analysis was used to evaluate the association of social (demographic and behavioral) determinants with dental caries indices among individuals. To assess the causes of difference in dental caries indices across provinces, justifiable economic factors were also analyzed using poisson regression analysis. Results The mean (SE) of dmft and DMFT were 5.84 (0.05) and 1.84 (0.03), for 6-and 12-year-old children, respectively. The differences of dental caries indices were statistically significant among provinces. Higher level of parental education was negatively related to dental caries indices of both age groups. Rural residency was positively and dental flossing was reversely associated with dmft index of 6-year-old children. Negative associations were found between frequency of tooth brushing and preventive dental utilization with dmft and DMFT indices. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) index had negative and Consumer Price Index (CPI) had positive associations with dmft and DMFT indices in both age groups. However, positive relationships were observed between Gini index with DMFT index among 12-year-old children; as well as between the number of dentists per capita with dmft index among 6-year-old children. Conclusion Socio-demographic and behavioral factors were found to be associated with dental caries experience. However, economic indicators had the greatest importance.

SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS AND DENTAL CARIES EXPERIENCE OF 3911 FIVE-YEAR-OLD NATIVES OF CONTRA COSTA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA

1967 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary M. Stadt ◽  
Henrik L. Blum ◽  
Glen W. Kent ◽  
Eleanor Fletcher ◽  
Gladys Keyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Socio Economic Status

scholarly journals Trends in overweight by socio-economic status in Vietnam: 1992 to 2002

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minh Duc Nguyen ◽  
Shirley AA Beresford ◽  
Adam Drewnowski
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Food Expenditures ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

AbstractObjectiveTo explore socio-economic factors associated with rising rates of overweight among Vietnamese adults.DesignThe study was based on three national surveys of socio-economic factors and health conducted over a 10-year period. The studies were: the Vietnamese Living Standard Survey 1992–1993 (11 982 participants); the Vietnamese Living Standard Survey 1997–1998 (15 975 participants); and the Vietnamese National Health Survey 2001–2002 (94 656 participants).SubjectsMale and female adults >18 years old were stratified by gender, age group, area of residence, occupation, education and relative food expenditures. Overweight was defined using body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg m− 2.ResultsOverweight rates in Vietnam more than doubled between 1992 and 2002 (from 2.0 to 5.7%). Significant increases were observed for men and women, in urban and rural areas, and for all age groups. In univariate analyses, both age and higher socio-economic status were associated with higher rates of overweight. Using the most recent survey, urban populations were more likely to be overweight than rural ones (odds ratio (OR) = 1.79), white-collar workers were more likely to be overweight than manual labourers (OR = 1.95) and persons in the top level of food expenditures were more likely to be overweight than persons in the bottom level (OR = 4.96) after adjustment for other factors. Education was inversely associated with overweight after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionEconomic growth and improved standard of living are associated with higher rates of overweight in nations in early stages of economic development. In Vietnam, higher rates of overweight were observed among the higher income and occupation groups.

ECP02-01 - Globalisation and the impact of economic factors on psychiatric disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1795-1795
Author(s):  
D. Bhugra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
Migration Experiences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionWith the process of globalisation in full flow, the movement of people and products across the globe has brought a series of difficulties. With migration the socio-economic status of the individuals may change with the likelihood that this status will be lower rather than higher, although depending upon the reasons for migration this may change too.ObjectivesLiterature shows that low socio-economic status is associated with a higher level of psychiatric morbidity.AimsWhether migration acts as a mediator needs to be investigated further.MethodsVarious studies have shown that rates of psychosis are elevated in migrants though these rates are differentially increased in different groups indicating that factors other than migration may be at play.ResultsIn this presentation the literature and link the acculturation and cultural identity with post-migration experiences will be reviewed.ConclusionA link exists between the perceptions within cultures and level of economic development of what constitutes mental health. The state of advancement of mental health services of a country will certainly have a large impact on prevalence rates. Further investigation should be carried out to examine in greater depth the relationship between social inequality and disorder prevalence, as distinct from income inequality.

scholarly journals Experience and Prevalence of Dental Caries in 6 to 12-Year-Old School Children in an Agricultural Community: A Cross-Sectional Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Juan José Villalobos-Rodelo ◽  
Martha Mendoza-Rodríguez ◽  
Rosalina Islas-Zarazúa ◽  
Sonia Márquez-Rodríguez ◽  
Mariana Mora-Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Migrant Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Agricultural Worker ◽  
Dmft Index

Objective: To describe the experience and prevalence of dental caries in schoolchildren aged 6–12 years belonging to agricultural manual worker households. Material and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in two groups of schoolchildren: One considered “children of agricultural worker migrant parents” (n = 157) and the other “children of agricultural worker non-migrant parents” (n = 164). Epidemiological indices for dental caries were calculated for primary (dmft) and permanent (DMFT) dentitions, and compared in terms of age, sex, and the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (SOHI). Two binary logistic regression models for caries prevalence in primary and permanent dentitions were generated in Stata. Results: For primary dentition, we observed the following dmft index: Non-migrants = 1.73 ± 2.18 vs. migrants = 1.68 ± 2.14. Additionally, we recorded the following caries prevalence: Non-migrants = 59.1% vs. migrants = 51.3%. For permanent dentition, we observed the following DMFT index: Non-migrants = 0.32 ± 0.81 vs. migrants = 0.29 ± 0.95. Further, we recorded the following caries prevalence: Non-migrants = 17.6% vs. migrants = 12.8%. No differences were observed for either dentition (p > 0.05) in caries indices and their components or in caries prevalence. When both caries indices (dmft and DMFT) were combined, the non-migrant group had a higher level of caries experience than the migrant group (p < 0.05). No relationship (p > 0.05) with migrant status was observed in either multivariate models of caries prevalence. However, age did exhibit an association (p < 0.05) with caries. Only the plaque component of SOHI was associated (p < 0.05) with caries in permanent dentition. Conclusions: Although over half of school children from agricultural manual worker households had caries in either or both dentitions and a considerable proportion were untreated lesions, the prevalence levels were somewhat lower than other reports from Mexico in similar age groups. No statistically significant differences were found in caries experience or prevalence in either dentition between non-migrant and migrant groups.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index in the 12 Years Old Students of Tehran City, Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. e18888
Author(s):  
Azam Goodarzi ◽  
Alireza Heidarnia ◽  
Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian ◽  
Mohammad Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Mean

Aim: The main aim of this study was to Evaluate of Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index in 12 Year Old Students of Tehran City, and to identify related factors that affect dental caries within this group. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students of 12 years old in Tehran, Iran. Dental caries status was assessed in terms of decayed teeth (DT), filled teeth (FT) and decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT). “Data were analysed using SPSS version 22; a multivariate regression analysis was used to determine statistically significant associations between DMFT and other variables (p < 0.05). Results: A total of 416 respondents participated in the study. The mean age of the students was10.94 (SD=0.628) years, and the mean DMFT was 1.03 (SD=1.41). So that, in this study DT (0.53 ± 0.95) had the highest and MT (0.14 ± 0.47) had the lowest mean. A multivariate regression analysis model results showed a significant relation between high DMFT scores and such variables as increasing age, lower levels of mother's education, higher family income, lower frequency of tooth brushing and dental flossing, having a history of no visits to the dentist (P<0.05). Conclusion: The current study shows that Iranian female students have a poor oral health behavior, as very few subjects use dental floss on a regular basis. Although there appeared to be a significant relationship between caries scores and demographic factors such as age and socio-behavioral variables include  family income, the level of mothers' education, the frequency of dental brushing and flossing, and both the frequency and type of visit to a dentist.

scholarly journals A Study of Anthropometric and Socio-economic Factors Associated with Delayed Menarche in a Bengali Indian Population with Special Reference to BMI and 2D:4D Ratio

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Suddhasatta Ghosh ◽  
Dilip Mukherjee ◽  
Riddhi Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
P Value ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Parental Height ◽  
Age Of Menarche ◽  
Delayed Menarche ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Introduction: The average age of menarche has declined over the last century but the magnitude of the decline and the factors responsible remain subjects of contention. Aims and Objectives: To study a group with delayed menarche in a cohort of Bengali Indian females with low to normal body weight. To investigate anthropometric characteristics (height, mid-parental height, weight, BMI), Socio-economic Status, Sexual Maturity Rating (SMR) stages and 2D: 4D ratio ( ratio of lengths of second and fourth digits of both hands) in those with delayed menarche. To analyse the correlation of these factors with delayed age of menarche. Materials and Methods: A total of 614 children , aged 11- 16 completed years, of low to middle income family groups and attending suburban schools, were evaluated on the basis of predetermined questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Correlation of factors with delayed age of menarche was done by appropriate statistical methods Results and Analysis: Out of 190 children having delayed menarche (cases) and 424 children with normal age of menarche (controls) , the height percentile (p value: 0.642), BMI ( p value: 0.091), weight (p value: 0.12)and Mid-Parental Height (p value: 0.26) had no significant correlation , while SMR ( p value:0.00), 2D:4D ratio (p value:0.002) and low Socio-economic Status (p value: 0.00) had a significant correlation with delayed menarche. Conclusion: This study is the first to examine such a wide variety of anthropometric and socio-economic factors at a time in a single cohort of females with delayed menarche. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v3i4.5902 Asian Journal of Medical Science Vol.3(4) 2012 pp.24-31

The Role of Genetic Factors in the Outbreak Mechanism of Dental Caries

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Shimomura-Kuroki ◽  
Tomoko Nashida ◽  
Yukio Miyagawa ◽  
Tsuneo Sekimoto
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Streptococcus Sobrinus ◽  
Mucosal Cells

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between cariogenic bacterial infection and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes associated with dental caries, and to explore the factors related to caries in children.Study design: Children aged 3 to 11 years were selected. Detection of cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus sobrinus and Lactobacillus) from the plaque of each patient, and SNP analyses of five candidate genes (MBL2, TAS2R38, GLUT2, MMP13 and CA6) were performed using DNA isolated from buccal mucosal cells. The dental caries experience in primary and permanent teeth was determined using the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index, and the effects of the observed factors on the DMFT value were analyzed by multiple regression analysis. Results: The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that the DMFT value significantly increased in the presence of S. mutans or S. sobrinus (p &lt; 0.001), while the dmft/DMFT value decreased in the presence of nucleobase C in MBL2 (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that the MBL2 gene is related to the pathogenesis of dental caries.

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