scholarly journals Factors associated with birthweight and adverse pregnancy outcomes among children in rural Guinea-Bissau - a prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Dahl Stjernholm ◽  
Sanne Marie Thysen ◽  
Igualdino Da Silva Borges ◽  
Ane Bærent Fisker
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background Low birthweight (LBW) is associated with higher mortality and morbidity, but there is limited data on the prevalence of LBW in rural Africa, where many births occur at home. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine has non-specific effects. Studies suggest that maternal BCG-vaccination may affect the health of the child. Methods The present study is nested within a randomised trial in rural Guinea-Bissau: Pregnancies were registered at two-monthly village visits, where information on BCG scar status and other background factors were obtained. Children were enrolled in the trial and weighed at home within 72 h after birth. In this prospective observational study, we assessed factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and birthweight in binomial and linear regression models. Results Among 1320 women who had their BCG scar status assessed, 848 (64%) had a scar, 472 (36%) had no scar. The risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (miscarriages, stillbirths, early neonatal deaths) tended to be higher among BCG scar-negative women (13%) than among women with a BCG scar (10%), adjusted prevalence ratio = 1.29 (0.99–1.68). Birthweight was assessed for 628 (50%) of the 1232 live born children. The mean birthweight was 2.89 kg (SD 0.43) and the proportion of LBW children was 17% (104/628). Sex, twinning, region of birth, maternal age, maternal mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), antenatal consultations, parity and possession of a mobile phone were associated with birthweight, while maternal BCG scar status was not. Conclusions This study provides the first birthweight data for home-born children in rural Guinea-Bissau, with a mean birthweight of 2.89 kg (SD 0.43) and a LBW prevalence of 17%. We found a tendency for higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes among BCG scar-negative women. Birthweight was similar in children of mothers with and without BCG scar.

scholarly journals Factors associated with sub-microscopic placental malaria and its association with adverse pregnancy outcomes among HIV-negative women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: a cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneth Vedastus Kalinjuma ◽  
Anne Marie Darling ◽  
Ferdinand M. Mugusi ◽  
Ajibola Ibraheem Abioye ◽  
Fredros O. Okumu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Placental Malaria ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Placental Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Dna Pcr

Abstract Background Malaria infection during pregnancy has negative health consequences for both mothers and offspring. Sub-microscopic malaria infection during pregnancy is common in most African countries. We sought to identify factors associated with sub-microscopic placental malaria, and its association with adverse pregnancy outcomes among HIV-negative pregnant women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods We recruited a cohort of pregnant women during their first trimester and assessed for the occurrence of placental malaria and pregnancy outcomes. The follow-up was done monthly from recruitment until delivery. Histopathology placental malaria positive results were defined as the presence of malaria pigment or parasitized erythrocytes on the slide (histology-positive (HP)), and the sub-microscopic placental infection was defined as positive Plasmodium falciparum DNA by polymerase chain reaction (DNA PCR) amplification in a negative histopathology test. Adverse pregnancy outcomes investigated included low birth weight (birth weight below 2.5 kg), prematurity (live birth below 37 weeks), and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) (live born with a birth weight below 10th percentile for gestational age and sex). Weighted baseline category logit, log-binomial, and log-Poisson models were used to assess factors associated with placental malaria, and its association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Results Among 1115 women who had histopathology and DNA PCR performed, 93 (8%) had HP placental infection, and 136 (12%) had the sub-microscopic placental infection. The risk of sub-microscopic placental malaria was greater in women who did not use mosquito prevention methods such as bed nets, fumigation, or mosquito coils (odds ratio (OR) = 1.75; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05–2.92; P = 0.03) and in women who were anemic (OR = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.20–2.11; P = 0.001). Women who were underweight had reduced odds of sub-microscopic placental malaria infection (OR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.17–0.62; P = 0.001). Women who were overweight/obese had 1.48 times higher the odds of HP placental malaria compared to normal weight (OR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.03–2.11; P = 0.03). HP placental malaria infection was associated with an increased risk of SGA births (RR = 1.30, 95% CI: 0.98–1.72, P = 0.07). In contrast, the sub-microscopic infection was associated with a reduced risk of SGA births (RR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.43–0.88, P = 0.01). Placental malaria was not associated with low birth weight or prematurity. Conclusion Malaria prevention methods and maternal nutrition status during early pregnancy were important predictors of sub-microscopic placental malaria. More research is needed to understand sub-microscopic placental malaria and the possible mechanisms mediating the association between placental malaria and SGA.

Factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with systemic lupus erythematosus

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 114-115
Author(s):  
Haruka Muto ◽  
Takeshi Kanagawa ◽  
Masako Kanda ◽  
Ayako Inatomi ◽  
Haruna Kawaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with antiphospholipid syndrome: A multicenter study

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Deguchi ◽  
Hideto Yamada ◽  
Mayumi Sugiura-Ogasawara ◽  
Mamoru Morikawa ◽  
Daisuke Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes for women with migraines: A nationwide population-based study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
H-M Chen ◽  
S-F Chen ◽  
Y-H Chen ◽  
H-C Lin
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Preterm Babies ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Using a 3-year nationwide population-based database, this study aims to examine the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with migraines, including low birthweight (LBW), preterm birth, infants born small for gestational age, Caesarean section (CS) and pre-eclampsia. We identified a total of 4911 women with migraines who gave birth from 2001 to 2003, together with 24 555 matched women as a comparison cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that after adjusting for potential confounders, the odds ratios were 1.16 [95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.03–1.31, P = 0.014] for LBW, 1.24 (95% CI = 1.13–1.39, P < 0.001) for preterm births, 1.16 (95% CI = 1.07–1.24, P < 0.001) for CS and 1.34 (95% CI = 1.02–1.77, P = 0.027) for pre-eclampsia for women with migraines compared with unaffected mothers. We conclude that women with migraines were at increased risk of having LBW, preterm babies, pre-eclampsia and delivery by CS, compared with unaffected mothers.

Subchorionic Hematomas and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes among Twin Pregnancies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Naqvi ◽  
Mackenzie N. Naert ◽  
Hanaa Khadraoui ◽  
Alberto M. Rodriguez ◽  
Amalia G. Namath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Spontaneous Reduction ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

Abstract Objective This study estimates the association of a first trimester finding of subchorionic hematoma (SCH) with third trimester adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with twin pregnancies. Study Design Retrospective cohort study of twin pregnancies prior to 14 weeks at a single institution from 2005 to 2019, all of whom had a first trimester ultrasound. We excluded monoamniotic twins, fetal anomalies, history of fetal reduction or spontaneous reduction, and twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. Ultrasound data were reviewed, and we compared pregnancy outcomes after 24 weeks in women with and without a SCH at their initial ultrasound 60/7 to 136/7 weeks. Regression analysis was used to control for any differences in baseline characteristics. Results A total of 760 women with twin pregnancies met inclusion criteria for the study, 68 (8.9%) of whom had a SCH. Women with SCH were more likely to have vaginal bleeding and had their initial ultrasound at earlier gestational ages. On univariate analysis, SCH was not significantly associated with gestational age at delivery, preterm birth, birthweight of either twin, low birthweight percentiles of either twin, fetal demise, or preeclampsia. SCH was associated with placental abruption on univariate analysis, but not after controlling for vaginal bleeding and gestational age at the time of the initial ultrasound (adjusted odds ratio: 2.00, 95% confidence interval: 0.63–6.42). Among women with SCH, SCH size was not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion In women with twin pregnancies, the finding of a first trimester SCH is not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes >24 weeks.

scholarly journals Factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with systematic lupus erythematosus

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Deguchi ◽  
Yoko Maesawa ◽  
Shino Kubota ◽  
Mayumi Morizane ◽  
Kenji Tanimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Systematic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy
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