A prospective study of the muscle strength and reaction time of the quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius muscles in patients with plantar fasciitis

Abstract Background Muscle weakness is an important etiological factor in plantar fasciitis (PF), but available data on the role of the quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius (GCM) muscles are limited. The aim of this study was to compare the strength and reaction time of the quadriceps, hamstring, and GCM muscles and foot pressure between patients with PF and normal controls. Methods A total of 21 PF patients and 21 normal controls were enrolled. Muscle strength was measured by the peak torque per body weight (Nmkg− 1 × 100). Muscle reaction time was evaluated by the acceleration time (AT, milliseconds). Foot pressure and posture were assessed by pedobarography [valgus/varus index (VV index), %]. Results The strength of the quadriceps was significantly lower in the affected ankles of the PF group than in the control group (p = 0.005). The AT of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles was significantly increased in the affected ankles of the PF group than in the control group (quadriceps: p = 0.012, hamstring: p = 0.001), while the AT of the GCM muscle was significantly decreased (p = 0.009) and significantly correlated negatively with quadriceps muscle strength (r = −.598, p = 0.004) and AT (r = −.472, p = 0.031). Forefoot (p = 0.001) and hindfoot (p = 0.000) pressure were significantly greater, with the VV index showing hindfoot valgus, in the affected ankles in the PF group compared to the control group (p = 0.039). Conclusions This study demonstrated weakness and delayed reaction time of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles, with a rapid reaction time of the GCM muscle, in patients with PF. Clinical relevance Clinicians and therapists should assess the function of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles when planning the management of PF patients without muscle tightness.

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A prospective study of the muscle strength and reaction time of the quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius muscles in patients with plantar fasciitis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51800/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jin Hyuck Lee ◽

Woo Young Jang

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Plantar Fasciitis ◽

Peak Torque ◽

Quadriceps Muscle ◽

Control Group ◽

Foot Pressure ◽

Delayed Reaction ◽

Hamstring Muscles ◽

Normal Controls

Abstract Background: Muscle weakness has been reported to be an important etiological factor in plantar fasciitis (PF), but the data available in the quadriceps, hamstring, gastrocnemius (GCM) muscles is limited . The aim of the study was to compare the strength and reaction time of the quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius (GCM) muscles and foot pressure between patients with PF and normal controls. Methods: 21 PF patients and 21 normal controls were registered. Muscle strength was measured by the peak torque per body weight (Nm kg−1 × 100). Muscle reaction time was evaluated by the acceleration time (AT, milliseconds). Foot pressure and posture were assessed by pedobarography [valgus/varus index (VV index), %].Results: The strength of the quadriceps was significantly decreased in the affected ankles of the PF group than in the control group (p=0.005). The AT of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles was significantly increased in the affected ankles of the PF group than in the control group (quadriceps: p=0.012, hamstring: p=0.001), while the AT of the GCM muscle was significantly decreased (p=0.009) and was significantly negatively correlated with quadriceps muscle strength (r=-.598, p = .004) and AT (r=-.472, p=.031). Forefoot (p=0.001) and hindfoot (p=0.000) pressure were significantly greater, with the VV index showing hindfoot valgus, in the affected ankles of the PF group when compared to those of the control group (p=0.039).Conclusion: This study demonstrated weakness and delayed reaction time of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles, with a rapid reaction time of the GCM muscle, in PF patients. Clinical Relevance: Clinicians and therapists should assess the function of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles when planning the management of PF patients without muscle tightness.

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A prospective study of the muscle strength and reaction time of the quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius muscles in patients with plantar fasciitis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-51800/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jin Hyuck Lee ◽

Hae Woon Jung ◽

Woo Young Jang

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Plantar Fasciitis ◽

Peak Torque ◽

Quadriceps Muscle ◽

Control Group ◽

Foot Pressure ◽

Delayed Reaction ◽

Hamstring Muscles ◽

Normal Controls

Abstract Background: Muscle weakness is an important etiological factor in plantar fasciitis (PF), but available data on the role of the quadriceps, hamstring, and gastrocnemius (GCM) muscles are limited. The aim of this study was to compare the strength and reaction time of the quadriceps, hamstring, and GCM muscles and foot pressure between patients with PF and normal controls. Methods : A total of 21 PF patients and 21 normal controls were enrolled. Muscle strength was measured by the peak torque per body weight (Nmkg −1 × 100). Muscle reaction time was evaluated by the acceleration time (AT, milliseconds). Foot pressure and posture were assessed by pedobarography [valgus/varus index (VV index), %]. Results : The strength of the quadriceps was significantly lower in the affected ankles of the PF group than in the control group ( p = 0.005). The AT of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles was significantly increased in the affected ankles of the PF group than in the control group (quadriceps: p = 0.012, hamstring: p = 0.001), while the AT of the GCM muscle was significantly decreased ( p = 0.009) and significantly correlated negatively with quadriceps muscle strength (r= -.598, p = 0.004) and AT (r = -.472, p = 0.031). Forefoot ( p = 0.001) and hindfoot ( p = 0.000) pressure were significantly greater, with the VV index showing hindfoot valgus, in the affected ankles in the PF group compared to the control group ( p = 0.039). Conclusions : This study demonstrated weakness and delayed reaction time of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles, with a rapid reaction time of the GCM muscle, in patients with PF. Clinical Relevance: Clinicians and therapists should assess the function of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles when planning the management of PF patients without muscle tightness.

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Influence of a Field Hamstring Eccentric Training on Muscle Strength and Flexibility

International Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1055/a-1073-7809 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (04) ◽

pp. 233-241

Author(s):

François Delvaux ◽

Cedric Schwartz ◽

Thibault Decréquy ◽

Thibault Devalckeneer ◽

Julien Paulus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Peak Torque ◽

Hamstring Injury ◽

Control Group ◽

Eccentric Training ◽

Hamstring Muscles ◽

Injury Prevention Strategy ◽

Straight Leg Raise

AbstractMuscle strength imbalances and poor flexibility are frequently described as risk factors for hamstring injury. Preventive strategies include eccentric exercises, but the influence of field eccentric exercises on these risk factors remains unclear. We investigated the influence of a field hamstring eccentric program on hamstring strength and flexibility. Twenty-seven amateur athletes were randomly assigned to an intervention (n=13) or control group (n=14). In the intervention group, participants were involved in 15 sessions of four eccentric exercises. Peak torque, hamstring-to-quadriceps ratios, passive and active flexibility were analyzed. No significant modifications of strength, passive or active flexibility were observed in the control group (p>0.05). Hamstring eccentric peak torque (+7.1%) and functional hamstring-to-quadriceps ratios (9.3%) were significantly increased (p<0.05) in the intervention group, but not concentric strength (p<0.05). Passive straight leg raise was significantly increased by 11.4° (+12.7%, p<0.001), but not active flexibility (+3.1%, p>0.05). In conclusion, a 6-week eccentric program, including four field exercises for hamstring muscles, is an effective method of improving eccentric strength, functional ratios and, especially, passive flexibility. As this program may be easily implemented in a real-world context, this association of multiple eccentric exercises might be useful in an injury prevention strategy.

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Arthroscopic Imaging Treatment and Clinical Rehabilitation of Knee Sports Injuries

Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics ◽

10.1166/jmihi.2021.3742 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1780-1788

Author(s):

Habaxi Kaken ◽

Shanshan Wang ◽

Wei Zhao ◽

Baoerjiang Asihaer ◽

Li Wang

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Knee Joint ◽

Sports Injuries ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Quadriceps Muscle ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Continuous Passive Motion ◽

Control Group ◽

Pressure Therapy ◽

Quick Recovery

This article studies the effects of arthroscopic imaging treatment and clinical rehabilitation of knee sports injuries. Arthroscopy was used to perform meniscus trimming and resection for 40 patients with knee sports injuries. The ages of the patients ranged from 20 to 60 years old. All patients received routine rehabilitation training such as continuous passive motion of the knee joint, biofeedback of the lower limbs, and air pressure therapy of the lower limbs. In addition, the control group was given muscle strength training, and the training began after the patients received the quadriceps muscle strength test. The removal of the joint cavity and the joint debridement has achieved satisfactory treatment results. In the experiment, the test cases were divided into two groups, and the sensor test platform was used for signal collection. Normal activities can be resumed 2 weeks after the operation. After a follow-up of 6 to 24 months, the knee joint pain disappeared, the joint was free of swelling, and the knee function was normal up to 93%. Arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament joint repair/reconstruction of the medial and posterolateral ligament knots is safe and feasible for the treatment of multiple ligament injuries of the knee joint. It has the advantages of less trauma and quick recovery. Early postoperative systemic and standardized rehabilitation exercises can obtain good knee joint function.

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The Role of Pedometer Based Walking Exercise To Quadriceps Muscle, Quality of Life, Benefit, and Cost in Stable COPD Patient

Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia ◽

10.36497/jri.v40i3.117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 163-172

Author(s):

Jatu Aviani ◽

Suradi Suradi ◽

Ana Rima

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Quadriceps Muscle ◽

Muscle Quality ◽

Control Group ◽

Quadriceps Muscle Strength ◽

Walking Exercise

Backgrounds: Quadriceps muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is caused by systemic or local inflammation, hypoxia, hypercapnia, corticosteroid use, nutritional depletion, anabolic/catabolic hormone imbalances, oxidative stress, genetic susceptibility, and decreased daily activity. Decreased quadriceps muscle strength reduces exercise capacity, physical activity, increases shortness of breath, and decreases quality of life. Exercise trainng of walking increases the quadriceps muscle strength and overcomes deconditioning. The purpose of this study was to analyze effect of pedometer-based exercise on quadriceps muscle strength, quality of life, benefits, and cost on patients with stable COPD. Methods: A clinical study with quasi-experimental pre-post test control group design using consecutive sampling was performed in patients with stable COPD at Dr. Moewardi Hospital from September to November 2018. Subjects were divided into intervention group which were given pedometer based walking exercise for six weeks and control group with standard rehabilitation. Quadriceps muscle strength, SGRQ score, LCADL score, and cost effectiveness were measured before and after exercise. Results: Twenty-seven of stable COPD patients were included in this study. The intervention groups showed increased quadriceps muscle strength (2,58+0,49), decreased SGRQ scores (23,39+6,60), decreased LCDAL scores (-5,69+2,18), and cost effectiveness compared to control group (P

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Home-based pulmonary rehabilitation in people with bronchiectasis, a randomised controlled trial

ERJ Open Research ◽

10.1183/23120541.00021-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 00021-2021

Author(s):

Anderson José ◽

Anne E. Holland ◽

Jessyca P. R. Selman ◽

Cristiane Oliveira de Camargo ◽

Diogo Simões Fonseca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Quadriceps Muscle ◽

Step Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Test Quality ◽

Incremental Step

AimTo investigate the short- and long-term effects of Home-based Pulmonary Rehabilitation (HBPR) on functional capacity, quality of life, peripheral muscle strength, dyspnea and daily physical activity in people with bronchiectasis.MethodsRandomised controlled trial with 63 participants with bronchiectasis. The HBPR group performed three sessions per week for 8 weeks (aerobic exercise: step training for 20 min; resistance training: exercises for quadriceps, hamstrings, deltoids, and biceps brachii with elastic bands). The control group received recommendation to walk at moderate intensity, three times per week. A weekly phone call was conducted for all participants, and the HBPR group received a home visit every 15 days. The primary outcome was distance in the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT). Secondary outcomes were time in the endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT), number of steps in the incremental step test, quality of life, quadriceps muscle strength and daily physical activity. Measures were taken before and after intervention and 6 months later.ResultsAfter the intervention, the HBPR group had increased the distance in ISWT compared with the control group with between-group difference: 87.9 m (95% CI 32.4 to 143.5). Between-group differences was found in ESWT, incremental step test, quality of life and quadriceps muscle strength in favor to HBPR group too. After 6 months, no differences were observed between the groups.ConclusionHBPR is an effective alternative for offering pulmonary rehabilitation for people with bronchiectasis. However, the program was not effective in maintaining the benefits after 6 months of follow-up.

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The Determination of the Relationship Between Isokinetic Leg Strengths and Agility and Speed Performance of Elite Handball Players

Journal of Education and Training Studies ◽

10.11114/jets.v6i6.3145 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Zait Burak Aktuğ ◽

Aykut Dündar ◽

Fatih Murathan ◽

Rüçhan İri

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

High Weight ◽

Peak Torque ◽

Quadriceps Muscle ◽

Isokinetic Dynamometer ◽

Speed Performance ◽

The Relationship ◽

High Bmi

The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between isokinetic hamstring and quadriceps muscle strengths and agility and speed performance of elite male handball players. 15 male handball players participated in the study. The isokinetic leg forces of the handball players participating in the study were determined by isokinetic dynamometer, the agility performances by Ilionis and 505 agility test, and the speed performances by photocell. As a result of the analysis, there was no statistically significant relationship between isokinetic dominant and non-dominant leg hamstring and quadriceps peak torque forces and agility and speed performance at 60°s-1 and 400°s-1 angular speeds (p <0.05). As a result, it can be stated that there is no relation between hamstring and quadriceps muscle strength and speed and agility performances of handball players. This may be related to the requirements and physical characteristics of the handball branch (tall height, high weight, high BMI).

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The Effects of 12-Weeks of Sensorimotor Exercise on Pain, Strength, Pelvic Drop, and Dynamic Knee Valgus in Males With Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Physical Treatments - Specific Physical Therapy ◽

10.32598/ptj.10.3.442.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 159-168

Author(s):

Ali Yalfani ◽

◽

Mohamadreza Ahmadi ◽

Farzaneh Gandomi ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome ◽

Quadriceps Muscle ◽

Patellofemoral Pain ◽

Control Group ◽

Knee Valgus ◽

Quadriceps Muscle Strength ◽

Hip Abductor ◽

Experimental Group

Purpose: Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is among the most prevalent complaints observed in healthcare clinics. This group of patients encounters Pelvic Drop (PD) and Dynamic Knee Valgus (DNV); its’ causes have been reported as pain and decreased muscle strength. The current study aimed to explore the effects of a 12-week Sensorimotor Exercise (SME) on pain, strength, PD, and DNV in males with PFPS. Methods: This randomized double-blind clinical trial involved 32 patients with PFPS. The study samples were randomly divided into the experimental (n=16) and control (n=16) groups. To assess pain, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used. Moreover, quadriceps muscle strength was measured by the hip abductor hand dynamometer. To analyze PD and DNV, camera and Kinova software were used during stairs descent. The experimental group performed 12 weeks of SME for 3 one-hour weekly sessions. However, the control group received no therapeutic intervention during this time. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The data analysis results suggested that pain significantly reduced in the experimental group, compared to the control group, after twelve weeks of SME (P<0.001). Besides, quadriceps muscle strength (P<0.002) and hip abductor muscle strength (P<0.001) improved, and PD angle (P<0.002) and DNV (P<0.003) were reduced. Conclusion: SME reduced pain and facilitated the frequency and time of muscle activation. It also increased the strength of the gluteus medius muscle as the main stabilizer of the pelvis chain and led to a reduction in PD and DNV. Thus, SME could be used as a comprehensive protocol treatment to improve various disorders in patients with PFPS.

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The Importance of Functional Hamstring/Quadriceps Ratios in Knee Osteoarthritis

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2019-0143 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (7) ◽

pp. 866-870

Author(s):

Özlem Aslan ◽

Elif Balevi Batur ◽

Jale Meray

Keyword(s):

Patient Group ◽

Critical Role ◽

Peak Torque ◽

Knee Extension ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Knee Oa ◽

Hamstring Muscles ◽

Grade 3

Context: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic joint condition. Muscle dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of knee OA. Objective: It has been suggested that the agonist–antagonist strength relationship for the knee may be better described by a functional hamstring/quadriceps (H/Q) ratio (Hconcentric/Qeccentric: the representative of knee flexion and Qeccentric/Hconcentric: the representative of knee extension). Therefore, in this study, the authors aimed to investigate this ratio and its importance for knee OA. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Research clinic. Patients or Other Participant(s): Twenty healthy women and 20 women with grade 2 or grade 3 primer knee OA between the age of 50 and 80 years were included in this study. Intervention(s): Concentric and eccentric peak torque of quadriceps and hamstring muscles were evaluated for all individuals in patient and control groups with a Cybex isokinetic device. Functional H/Q ratio is calculated manually. Main Outcome Measure(s): Functional H/Q torque ratios were analyzed between the patients with OA and healthy individuals by using the isokinetic system. Results: The values of peak torque of hamstring concentric and eccentric and quadriceps concentric for the patient group were significantly lower than the control group (P < .05). No statistically important difference was found for quadriceps eccentric peak torque between 2 groups (P > .05). H/Q ratio for extension in the patient group was significantly higher than the control group (P < .05), whereas the H/Q ratio for flexion in the patient group was significantly lower than the control group (P < .05). Conclusion: This study showed the weakness of both quadriceps and hamstring muscles in patients with knee OA. The combination of functional H/Q ratio with hamstring and quadriceps muscles concentric and eccentric strength values can help to analyze the knee functions and develop preventive-therapeutic approaches for knee OA.

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Effects of a therapeutic exercises program associated with pompage technique on pain, balance and strength in elderly women with knee osteoarthritis

Fisioterapia em Movimento ◽

10.1590/1980-5918.030.s01.ao01 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (suppl 1) ◽

pp. 11-21

Author(s):

Ihana Thaís Guerra de Oliveira Gondim ◽

Amanda Bruto da Costa Torres ◽

Amanda Telino Baudel de Lacerda ◽

Danielle Queiroz Kühni Fernandes ◽

Moisés Costa do Couto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Postural Balance ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Knee Extensor ◽

Peak Torque ◽

Control Group ◽

Therapeutic Exercise ◽

Therapeutic Exercises

Abstract Introduction: Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) affects mainly elderly, being characterized by arthralgia, stiffness and strength and balance deficits. Scientific evidence suggests beneficial effects of exercise therapy on these changes, but lacks detailed protocols. In addition, there were published studies on effects of therapeutic exercise associated with pompage that were not located. Objective: To investigate the effects of a therapeutic exercise program associated with pompage on pain, balance and muscle strength in elderly women with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: A randomized pilot clinical trial that included 22 women (60 - 80 years) diagnosed with knee OA, randomized and allocated by simple raffle into two groups: intervention and control. Intervention group (strengthening and balance exercises and knee pompage) performed two sessions per week for 12 weeks. The control group received educational lectures, they were evaluated before and after 12 weeks: arthralgia- subscale pain of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index questionnaire (WOMAC); postural stability- postural balance protocol by Biodex Balance SD and muscle strength- concentric peak torque of the knee extensor by isokinetic dynamometer. The Independent Student t test was used for intergroup analysis. Results: The intervention group compared with the control showed better results for the outcomes pain, balance and muscle strength after 12 weeks. However, the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05) for levels of antero-posterior oscillation (DM -0.28, 95% CI -0.54 a -0.02; p = 0.035) and global oscillation (DM -0.36, 95% CI -0.68 a -0.04; p = 0.028). Conclusion: The intervention had a positive effect on postural balance in elderly women with knee osteoarthritis.

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