Self-assessment of attitudes towards conditions to provide safe abortion among new medical graduates in Thailand, 2018: an application of cross-sectional survey with factor analysis

Abstract Background Unsafe abortion is one of the major public health problems in Thailand. Although the penal code of Thailand and the Thai Medical Council permit doctors to perform safe abortion in certain conditions, little is known about the attitudes that new medical doctors have towards abortion. The objectives of this article are to explore the attitudes towards abortion in certain conditions among new medical graduates and to identify factors related to those attitudes. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2018 among 2017 medical graduates who attended the annual workplace selection forum. The participants came from the two main tracks of admission to Thai medical schools: normal track and special track physicians, namely, the Collaborative Project to Increase Production of Rural Doctors (CPIRD). Of these 2017 graduates, 926 returned the questionnaire with complete information. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and multi-variable regression analysis were performed. Results We found that most physicians agreed to perform abortions in the context of life-threatening conditions for mothers and children, but not under conditions directly related to physical health (such as pregnancy with socioeconomic problems or pregnancy in adolescents). CPIRD doctors were less amenable than normal track doctors in providing abortions if the reason for the termination of pregnancy was related to socioeconomic problems. Conclusion The study suggests that a proactive campaign for new medical graduates to raise awareness and mutual understanding of abortion services should be exercised. The CPIRD curricula relating to safe abortion should enhance the capacity of medical graduates to deal with pregnant women who face not only a physical health-related problem, but also socioeconomic difficulties and well-being as a whole.

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Development of Male Well-Being Indicators In Malaysia from Intrapersonal Communication Perspective: Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)

Jurnal Komunikasi Malaysian Journal of Communication ◽

10.17576/jkmjc-2021-3704-12 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 199-219

Author(s):

Siti Zaiton Mohd Ajis ◽

◽

Arina Anis Azlan ◽

Emma Mohamad ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Well Being ◽

Assessment Instrument ◽

Self Concept ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intrapersonal Communication ◽

Concept Theory

Well-being is an essential concept in a human’s life as it is an emotional state that significantly influences our lifestyle. This study aims to develop a Malaysian male well-being indicator using the intrapersonal communication perspective. In this study, a self assessment instrument was constructed based on the self-concept theory in order to understand the respondent's well-being. This study applied mixed-methodology. Qualitative approach was used to build the well-being dimension and indicator based on some previous studies, while the quantitative approach was done to determine which construct is considered valid to measure male well-being, and how reliable those constructs are. Data collection phase was run through an online cross-sectional survey by using Survey Monkey platform. A total of 290 respondents consisting of Malaysian men aged 18 years and above participated in this study. The EFA results showed that there were 33 items classified under six well-being main components with having an effective and excellent level of consistency effectiveness, where Cronbach's Alpha for these six components gives a value of more than .70. This study, in overall, found that the well-being indicator was represented by one item on self-assessment that measures well-being dimension. Through the findings obtained, this study is expected to open a wider space for the upcoming studies on male well-being in Malaysia. However, it is suggested that this study needs to be continued with confirmatory factor analysis to validate this well-being indicator as a valid instrument to measure male well-being in Malaysia. Keywords: Well-being, subjective well-being, intrapersonal communication, self-concept theory, self assessment.

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The development and validation of a social media fatigue scale: From a cognitive-behavioral-emotional perspective

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0245464 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. e0245464

Author(s):

Shiyi Zhang ◽

Yanni Shen ◽

Tao Xin ◽

Haoqi Sun ◽

Yilu Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Social Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Negative Feeling ◽

Three Dimension ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Social media fatigue (SMF), which refers to social media users’ tendency to withdraw from social media because of feeling overwhelmed, is closely related to individuals’ social life and well-being. Many studies focused on understanding SMF and exploring its enablers and influences. However, few pieces of research administered a standard measurement of SMF. This study aimed to develop and validate a measure of SMF, and a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1599 participants in total. Semi-structured interviews of 30 participants were firstly conducted as a pilot study, and an initial version of the social media fatigue scale (SMFS) with 24 items was generated. Then, both exploratory factor analysis (N = 509) and confirmatory factor analysis (N = 552) as well as reliability and validity analysis (N = 508) were conducted and a 15-item SMFS was finally developed. The results demonstrated that: 1) SMF was a multi-dimension concept including a cognitive aspect, an emotional aspect and a behavioral aspect; 2) the three-dimensional structure of the SMFS (cognitive-behavioral-emotional structure) fitted the data well; 3) the McDonald’s Omega coefficients for the SMFS was 0.83, suggesting that the SMFS was reliable; 4) criterion validity was satisfactory as indicated by both the significant correlations between self-rated scores of fatigue and total SMFS scores and the significant regression model of SMF on social media privacy, social media confidence, and negative feeling after comparison. Based on the Limited Capacity Model, the present study expanded SMF from a unidimensional model to a three-dimension model, and developed a 15-item SMFS. The study enriched the existing knowledge of SMF, and coined a reliable and valid tool for measuring it. Besides, concluding the typical characteristics of SMF, the study may provide some inspiration for both researchers and social media managers and operators in mitigating SMF.

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A national cross-sectional survey and interviews exploring the relationship between well-being and burnout in doctors

BJPsych Open ◽

10.1192/bjo.2021.139 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (S1) ◽

pp. S32-S33

Author(s):

John Jenkins ◽

Emma Boxley ◽

Gemma Simons

Keyword(s):

Negative Correlation ◽

General Medical Council ◽

Well Being ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Medical Council ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Moderate Negative Correlation ◽

The Relationship

AimsDoctors’ mental health is a national concern – the General Medical Council, British Medical Association and Health Education England pledge to improve their well-being. Well-being has no common definition, instead pathogenic measures such as burnout are published as a demonstration of doctors’ wellbeing. Yet, the relationship between burnout and wel-being has not been explored.Aimto investigate the relationship between burnout and well-being.Hypothesisthey are negatively associated, but not opposites.MethodAn online cross-sectional national survey was distributed to doctors of all grades and specialties via the Royal Colleges and doctor organisations. The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) measured burnout, and the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) measured well-being. Correlation coefficients between total scores of these measures estimated the relationship. Additionally, semi-structured interviews explored personal definitions of wellbeing and its relationship with burnout. Thematic analysis was carried out.Result64 doctors completed the OLBI and WEMWBS. Comparing the total scores for the questionnaires with Spearman's rho indicates a moderate negative correlation (rs= –0.658, p = 0.00, n = 64). Total scores were made into binary variables, a Chi-square test showed that a low WEMWBS score (<40) and a very high risk OLBI score (≥2.85 exhaustion and ≥2.6 disengagement) were statistically significantly associated (X 2 (1, N = 64) = 4.232, p = 0.04). Three themes emerged from the 10 interviews conducted: the importance of networks/relationships outside work; scepticism towards the proposal of an NHS wellbeing check-in; and how participants do not strive to improve their wellbeing until its decline.ConclusionThis research demonstrates that wellbeing and burnout have only a moderate negative correlation when using commonly employed measurement tools. Therefore, measures of burnout are not a surrogate for wellbeing. Further research could adopt a salutogenic approach by using the WEMWBS to monitor doctors’ wellbeing and could explore interventions to increase well-being, rather than waiting for its decline.

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Importance of mental peace for physical well-being among medical and dental personnel during a pandemic - An awareness-based study

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3587 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 1183-1189

Author(s):

Snehaa Baskaran ◽

Abilasha R ◽

Kavitha S

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Physical Health ◽

Health Workers ◽

Psychosocial Support ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Well Being ◽

The Body ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Current Crisis ◽

Cross Sectional

The connection between the body and the mind is an intangible one. The health of one affects the other, and so does the illness. Mental peace is intimately connected to physical health. Aim of the study is to address the mental health of the health workers and factors which influence them to improve their knowledge and maintain their physical well-being and thus improve the quality of work and successfully fulfilling their duties as medical personnel. Health workers should be provided with psychosocial support which will help them. Chronic levels of stress lead to unhealthy coping methods. Organisations and agencies that the medical personnel work under should provide relief efforts to obtain the effectiveness of the workforce. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical and dental personnel through a questionnaire consisting of 15 questions and is circulated among the target population. The sample size of the survey was 100 and obtained from medical personnel, including dentists, physicians and surgeons. 70.5% were aware that mental peace is important for physical well-being. According to the results, mental health has to be improved for 36.3% and for 63.7% it was good. More population of dentists suffered from panic and anxiety-related disorders due to the current crisis, and they strongly agreed that mental peace is essential for physical well-being. This study concludes that the medical personnel have poor mental health during this pandemic which is affecting their physical health also and vice versa.

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PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v8i1.138 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 01-07

Author(s):

Alfred Eboh

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Survey Design ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Well Being ◽

Local Government Area ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Perceived Effects ◽

The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

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A gap between Law and Practice: A Community’s Perception of Unmarried Women’s Abortion Options in Nepal

Health Prospect ◽

10.3126/hprospect.v12i2.9869 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 24-30

Author(s):

Simone Christensen Hald ◽

Ditte Aagaard Sondergaard

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Safe Abortion ◽

Community Attitudes ◽

Abortion Law ◽

Premarital Sexual Activity ◽

Premarital Sexual ◽

The Right ◽

Changing Attitudes ◽

Depth Interviews

Background In 2002, the Nepalese abortion law went from being highly restrictive to fully liberal. This study aimed to explore a local community’s perception of the situation for unmarried Nepalese women wanting to practice their legal right to abortion.Methods The study comprised a cross-sectional survey and in-depth interviews with men and women above the age of 16 years living in the Makwanpur District, Nepal. The final data included 55 questionnaires and 16 interviews. The questionnaire data was univariate analysed, while a condensation of meaning analysis was carried out on the interviews.Results The overall awareness of abortion being legal was high, although the extent of knowledge of the specific legal grounds varied. Unmarried women were believed to have access to abortion services, although they risked stigmatisation due to their marital status. The community attitude towards these women having abortions was very negative, hence it differed from the legal acceptance of all women having the right to abortion. This was explained by societal norms on premarital sexual activity. Generally, the participants felt that changing attitudes would be difficult but possible over time.Conclusion A considerable gap exists between the legal acceptance of abortion and community attitudes when it comes to unmarried women as this group encounters barriers when wanting to practice their right. Therefore, these barriers need to be addressed to allow unmarried Nepalese women access to safe abortion services without the risk of being stigmatised.One possible alternative is educational initiatives such as disseminating information vigorously through mass media to create awareness.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hprospect.v12i2.9869 Health Prospect Vol.12(2) 2013: 24-30

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The COVID‐19 pandemic and healthcare workers psychological well‐being: a cross‐sectional survey in Indonesia

Nursing Open ◽

10.1002/nop2.1034 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ni’matuzahroh ◽

Valendriyani Ningrum ◽

Widayat ◽

Myrtati Dyah Artaria ◽

Mein‐Woei Suen

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Well Being

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Prepared and highly committed despite the risk of COVID-19 infection: a cross-sectional survey of primary care physicians’ concerns and coping strategies in Singapore

BMC Family Practice ◽

10.1186/s12875-021-01370-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jerrald Lau ◽

David Hsien-Yung Tan ◽

Gretel Jianlin Wong ◽

Yii-Jen Lew ◽

Ying-Xian Chua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Stress Management ◽

Primary Care Physicians ◽

Well Being ◽

Pandemic Preparedness ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Accessible Information ◽

And Coping

Abstract Background Primary care physicians (PCPs) are first points-of-contact between suspected cases and the healthcare system in the current COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines PCPs’ concerns, impact on personal lives and work, and level of pandemic preparedness in the context of COVID-19 in Singapore. We also examine factors and coping strategies that PCPs have used to manage stress during the outbreak. Methods Two hundred and sixteen PCPs actively practicing in either a public or private clinic were cluster sampled via email invitation from three primary care organizations in Singapore from 6th to 29th March 2020. Participants completed a cross-sectional online questionnaire consisting of items on work- and non-work-related concerns, impact on personal and work life, perceived pandemic preparedness, stress-reduction factors, and personal coping strategies related to COVID-19. Results A total of 158 questionnaires were usable for analyses. PCPs perceived themselves to be at high risk of COVID-19 infection (89.9%), and a source of risk (74.7%) and concern (71.5%) to loved ones. PCPs reported acceptance of these risks (91.1%) and the need to care for COVID-19 patients (85.4%). Overall perceived pandemic preparedness was extremely high (75.9 to 89.9%). PCPs prioritized availability of personal protective equipment, strict infection prevention guidelines, accessible information about COVID-19, and well-being of their colleagues and family as the most effective stress management factors. Conclusions PCPs continue to serve willingly on the frontlines of this pandemic despite the high perception of risk to themselves and loved ones. Healthcare organizations should continue to support PCPs by managing both their psychosocial (e.g. stress management) and professional (e.g. pandemic preparedness) needs.

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