The impact of gender on early scientific publication and long-term career advancement in Israeli medical school graduates

Abstract Background Many medical schools and residency programs incorporate research projects into their curriculum, however most remain unpublished. Little is known on the long-term effect of early-career publication, especially in female graduates. Methods We collected data on physicians 15–20 years after graduation (representing a mid-career point), and analysed data on early publication, publication volume and impact according to graduates’ gender and professional characteristics. Physicians were divided into those who never published, early-publishers (EP) who published within 2 years of graduation and late-publishers (LP). We analysed and compared the demographics, publication volume, publication quality as well as current mid-career position. Results Of 532 physicians, 185 were EP (34.8%), 220 were LP (41.3%), 127 (23.9%) never published, 491 (92.2%) became specialists and 122 (22.3%) achieved managerial position. Of the 405 who published, the average number of publications was 20.3 ± 33.0, and median (IQR) 9(19). H-index was significantly higher in EP, males, surgical specialists, and those holding a managerial position. Male gender was associated with higher publication rate (OR = 1.742; 95% CI 1.193–2.544; P = 0.004). Using quantile regression, female gender was negatively associated with the number of publications in Q50-Q95. Surgical specialty and managerial position were positively associated with publications in Q25 to Q75 and early publication in Q25 and Q75. Conclusions We found a strong association between EP and the number, impact, and quality of publications throughout their academic career. This study illuminates the need for further investigations into the causes of gender discrepancies. We should invest in support programs encouraging early high quality research projects for young physicians and female graduates.

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COVID-19 vs. stakeholder engagement: the impact of coronavirus containment measures on stakeholder involvement in European energy research projects

Open Research Europe ◽

10.12688/openreseurope.13683.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Diana Süsser ◽

Andrzej Ceglarz ◽

Vassilis Stavrakas ◽

Johan Lilliestam

Keyword(s):

Stakeholder Engagement ◽

Online Survey ◽

Stakeholder Involvement ◽

Future Research ◽

Research Projects ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Energy Research ◽

Containment Measures ◽

The Impact

The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has affected societies and economies around the world, and the scientific community is no exception. Whereas the importance of stakeholder engagement in research has grown quickly the consequences of the pandemic on this has so far not been empirically studied. In this paper, we investigate the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on European energy research, in particular the stakeholder work, during the first wave of the coronavirus in spring and summer 2020. We pose the research questions: (i) How much of a problem are the coronavirus containment measures for stakeholder engagement? (ii) How have researchers coped with the situation, and (iii) How do they evaluate alternative stakeholder activities implemented? We conducted an online survey among European energy research projects with stakeholder engagement between June and August 2020. We found that only one of six engagement activities could be implemented as planned, whereas almost half were cancelled or delayed. The most common coping strategies were changing involvement formats – mainly to webinars or online workshops – or postponement. Whereas respondents are largely satisfied with one-to-one and unidirectional online formats, such as webinars, online interviews, and online surveys, they see interactive group activities as less suitable for online engagement. Most respondents plan to continue using online formats to complement, but not to replace, physical meetings in future research. All long-term effects remain to be seen, but given the postponement of many stakeholder involvement activities, many projects may face problems at later stages of their realisation. These findings suggest that the pandemic may have catalysed a rapid introduction of specific online formats in academic stakeholder interaction processes.

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Thomas Paine

10.1093/oso/9780198816997.001.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

J. C. D. Clark

Keyword(s):

Class Action ◽

Modern World ◽

Thomas Paine ◽

Political Discourses ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Obvious Association ◽

Number Of Publications ◽

Ideological Change ◽

The Impact

Thomas Paine (1737–1809) was England’s greatest revolutionary: no other reformer was as actively involved in events of the scale of the American and French Revolutions, and none wrote such best-selling texts with the impact of Common Sense and Rights of Man. None combined his roles as activist and theorist, or did so in the ‘age of revolutions’, fundamental as it was to the emergence of the ‘modern world’. But his fame meant that he was taken up and reinterpreted for current use by successive later commentators and politicians, so that the ‘historic Paine’ was too often obscured by the ‘usable Paine’. This book attempts to explain Paine against a revised background of early and mid-eighteenth-century England. It argues that he knew and learned less about events in America and France than was once thought. It de-attributes a number of publications, and passages, hitherto assumed to have been his own, and detaches him from a number of causes (including anti-slavery, women’s emancipation, and class action) with which he was once associated. And it argues that his formerly obvious association with the early origin and long-term triumph of natural rights, republicanism, and democracy needs to be rethought. As a result, it offers a picture of radical and reforming movements as more indebted to the initiatives of large numbers of men and women in fast-evolving situations than to the writings of a few individuals who framed lasting, and eventually triumphant, political discourses. Delivering ideological change was much harder than used to be supposed.

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Impact of iliac arterial calcification on procedure success and long-term outcomes among patients undergoing endovascular intervention

Vascular ◽

10.1177/17085381211020958 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 170853812110209

Author(s):

Omer Tasbulak ◽

Mustafa Duran ◽

Tugba Aktemur ◽

Arda Guler ◽

Serkan Kahraman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Strong Association ◽

Endovascular Intervention ◽

Arterial Calcification ◽

Success Rates ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Iliac Arteries ◽

Artery Disease ◽

The Impact

Objectives Vascular calcification is a well-known phenomenon and affects coronary and carotid arteries as well as other arterial beds. Presence of arterial calcification is associated with major adverse events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary artery or carotid artery intervention. Even though there is a clear association between worse outcome and coronary-carotid calcification, there is no research that interrogated the relationship between iliac arterial calcification and clinical outcomes because of lack of data. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of iliac arterial calcification on procedure success rates and long-term outcomes among patients undergoing endovascular intervention. Methods The records of 453 consecutive patients who underwent endovascular intervention due to symptomatic peripheral artery disease were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of heavy calcification of iliac arteries. For each group, technical aspects of procedures and subsequent clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results According to our study, the rate of restenosis following endovascular intervention at 6 and 12 months were similar between two groups. On the other hand, long-term restenosis was significantly higher in patients with heavy calcification of iliac arteries as compared to patients with low calcification on iliac arteries (32.2% vs. 12.8%, p < 0.05). Conclusions Our data showed that there was a strong association between heavy calcification of iliac arteries and long-term restenosis in patients undergoing endovascular intervention.

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PhD students in life sciences can benefit from team cohesion

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.53743.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 692

Author(s):

Zsófia Viktória Vida ◽

István Péter Járay ◽

Balázs Lengyel

Keyword(s):

Research Team ◽

Life Sciences ◽

Scientific Progress ◽

Early Career ◽

Knowledge Network ◽

Doctoral Studies ◽

Effective Learning ◽

Future Success ◽

Number Of Publications ◽

The Impact

Background: Scientific progress during doctoral studies is a combination of individual effort and teamwork. A recently growing body of interdisciplinary literature has investigated the determinants of early career success in academia, in which learning from supervisors and co-authors play a great role. Yet, it is less understood how collaboration patterns of the research team, in which the doctoral student participates, influences the future career of students. Here we take a social network analysis approach to investigate this and define the research team as the co-authorship network of the student. Methods: We use the Hungarian Scientific Bibliography Database, which includes all publications of PhD students who defended theses from the year 1993. The data also include thesis information, and the publications of co-authors of students. Using this data, we quantify cohesion in the ego-network of PhD students, the impact measured by citations received, and productivity measured by number of publications. We run multivariate linear regressions to measure the relation of network cohesion, and publication outputs during doctoral years with future impact. Results: We find that those students in life sciences, but not in other fields, who have a cohesive co-author network during studies and two years after defence receive significantly more citations in eight years. We find that the number of papers published during PhD years and closely after the defence correlates negatively while the impact of these papers correlates positively with future success of students in all fields. Conclusions: These results highlight that research teams are effective learning environments for PhD students where collaborations create a tightly knit knowledge network.

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Mitigating the impact of conference and travel cancellations on researchers’ futures

eLife ◽

10.7554/elife.57032 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Tracey Weissgerber ◽

Yaw Bediako ◽

Charlotte M de Winde ◽

Hedyeh Ebrahimi ◽

Florencia Fernández-Chiappe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Working Conditions ◽

Research Funding ◽

Scientific Community ◽

Unintended Consequences ◽

Early Career ◽

Early Career Researchers ◽

The Impact ◽

Do So

The need to protect public health during the current COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated conference cancellations on an unprecedented scale. As the scientific community adapts to new working conditions, it is important to recognize that some of our actions may disproportionately affect early-career researchers and scientists from countries with limited research funding. We encourage all conference organizers, funders and institutions who are able to do so to consider how they can mitigate the unintended consequences of conference and travel cancellations and we provide seven recommendations for how this could be achieved. The proposed solutions may also offer long-term benefits for those who normally cannot attend conferences, and thus lead to a more equitable future for generations of researchers.

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Between the traditional, the neo-liberal and the open university Early career investigators caught in the triple bind of academic career requirements

10.31235/osf.io/y9r24 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Marc Vanholsbeeck

Keyword(s):

Research Evaluation ◽

Academic Career ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Open Science ◽

Early Career ◽

Academic Excellence ◽

Open University ◽

Building Information ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Impact

Literature shows that, facing the neo-liberal definition of academic excellence, early career investigators (ECIs) in the social sciences and the humanities (SSH) have developed particular professional identities and behaviours towards the requirements of the academic career. Specificities of the SSH make the compliance to the assessment procedures of the “neo-liberal university” particularly challenging. Furthermore ECIs in the SSH are caught in an unprecedented “triple bind”. While pursuing their post-doctoral career in the context of the neo-liberal university, they are still academically trained in the disciplinary and collegial values of the “traditional university”. Although most career rewards and evaluation criteria are bound to the neo-liberal university, researchers now in the early stages of their career also constitute the first generation of academics to be exposed to the new requirements of the “open university”, through the Open Science policies and the Impact Agenda. In such context of uncertainty and conflicting rationalities, more efficient “early career building information ecosystems” should be put in place within academia. We also recommend to better integrate ECIs in the design and implementation of research evaluation principles and processes.

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Academic mobility in the context of linked lives

Human Affairs ◽

10.2478/s13374-014-0208-y ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Marta Vohlídalová

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Academic Career ◽

Work And Family ◽

Academic Mobility ◽

Linked Lives ◽

The Family ◽

The Impact ◽

Academic Couples ◽

Depth Interviews

AbstractAcademic mobility is usually perceived and discussed as a positive phenomenon — as a prerequisite for building a competitive and successful economy and quality science. Academic mobility has now become essential to building a successful academic career in many research domains. On the policy level the negative impact of academic mobility on researchers’ lives and especially women’s is usually overlooked and marginalized. In my paper I focus on academic mobility in the context of academics’ relationships and family lives. I ask two research questions: What is the impact of mobility on researchers’ relationships? How does mobility affect the lives of the partners of mobile researchers? The analysis is based on i) 16 in-depth interviews with academics from various fields of research about their experiences of long-term fellowships abroad in the early stages of their academic path and on ii) 16 in-depth joint interviews with Czech dualcareer academic couples. The analysis shows that academic mobility has a great and significant impact on the family and partnership lives of migrating researchers. For many, especially the partners of migrating researchers, mobility means they have to make many concessions in their private and family lives. I conclude that the impact of academic mobility on people’s partnership lives is highly gendered because couples’ work and family lives are closely intertwined.

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It’s Not Just a Pay Gap: Quantifying the Gender Wage and Pension Gap at a Post-Secondary Institution in Canada

Canadian Journal of Higher Education ◽

10.47678/cjhe.vi0.189215 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 74-84

Author(s):

Tracy Smith-Carrier ◽

Marcie Penner ◽

Aaron Cecala ◽

Carol Agócs

Keyword(s):

Gender Gap ◽

Wage Gap ◽

Academic Career ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Pay Gap ◽

Post Secondary ◽

Career Trajectories ◽

Post Secondary Institution ◽

The Impact

What is the impact of the gender pay gap in academia over the course of a career and retirement? To quantify this impact, we used a Canadian post-secondary institution as a case study and simulated the effects of the reported difference in salary across multiple academic career trajectories. A starting wage gap of less than $9,000 resulted in a $300,000–$400,000 gender wage gap over the course of a career, and a further $148,000–$259,000 gender pension gap, for a total gender pension and wage gap of $454,000–$660,000, depending on the rank achieved. Thus, focusing on gender gaps in salary alone leads to a substantial underestimation of the long-term effects of the gender gap.

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Longitudinal study of persistence in professional development outcomes of early career biology faculty

10.1101/785857 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Nathan C Emery ◽

Jessica Middlemis Maher ◽

Diane Ebert-May

Keyword(s):

Professional Development ◽

Student Perceptions ◽

The United States ◽

Early Career ◽

Student Centered ◽

Development Outcomes ◽

Teaching Professional Development ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

AbstractThe diversity of teaching professional development (PD) programs that occurred over the last few decades merits our collective attention to assess the impact of these programs over time. In general, the goal of PD programs is that participants continue to practice what they learn in the long term. However, we do not know the degree to which the outcomes of these programs were achieved and ultimately persist. We tracked postdoc participants from the Faculty Institutes for Reformed Science Teaching (FIRST) IV program into their current position as early-career faculty at institutions across the United States. We assessed their teaching approaches, practices, and student perceptions of the learning environment over 6-10 years. Additionally, the FIRST IV faculty were paired with colleagues of similar status in the same departments. We found that professional development outcomes from the FIRST IV program persisted over time and across a significant career transition, from postdoc to faculty. These participants not only maintained their student-centered practices, but were significantly more student-focused than their peers. Lastly, we found that faculty approaches to teaching were correlated with observed teaching practices in the classroom for both groups of faculty. These results provide compelling evidence for the success of the FIRST IV program and the long-term persistence of professional development outcomes.

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