scholarly journals Factors associated with costs and health outcomes in patients with Back and leg pain in primary care: a prospective cohort analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Kigozi ◽  
Kika Konstantinou ◽  
Reuben Ogollah ◽  
Kate Dunn ◽  
Lewis Martyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Leg Pain ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Factors associated with deaths due to COVID-19 versus other causes: population-based cohort analysis of UK primary care data and linked national death registrations within the OpenSAFELY platform

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Bhaskaran ◽  
SCJ Bacon ◽  
SJW Evans ◽  
CJ Bates ◽  
CT Rentsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Primary Care Data

ABSTRACTBackgroundMortality from COVID-19 shows a strong relationship with age and pre-existing medical conditions, as does mortality from other causes. However it is unclear how specific factors are differentially associated with COVID-19 mortality as compared to mortality from other causes.MethodsWorking on behalf of NHS England, we carried out a cohort study within the OpenSAFELY platform. Primary care data from England were linked to national death registrations. We included all adults (aged ≥18 years) in the database on 1st February 2020 and with >1 year of continuous prior registration, the cut-off date for deaths was 9th November 2020. Associations between individual-level characteristics and COVID-19 and non-COVID deaths were estimated by fitting age- and sex-adjusted logistic models for these two outcomes.Results17,456,515 individuals were included. 17,063 died from COVID-19 and 134,316 from other causes. Most factors associated with COVID-19 death were similarly associated with non-COVID death, but the magnitudes of association differed. Older age was more strongly associated with COVID-19 death than non-COVID death (e.g. ORs 40.7 [95% CI 37.7-43.8] and 29.6 [28.9-30.3] respectively for ≥80 vs 50-59 years), as was male sex, deprivation, obesity, and some comorbidities. Smoking, history of cancer and chronic liver disease had stronger associations with non-COVID than COVID-19 death. All non-white ethnic groups had higher odds than white of COVID-19 death (OR for Black: 2.20 [1.96-2.47], South Asian: 2.33 [2.16-2.52]), but lower odds than white of non-COVID death (Black: 0.88 [0.83-0.94], South Asian: 0.78 [0.75-0.81]).InterpretationSimilar associations of most individual-level factors with COVID-19 and non-COVID death suggest that COVID-19 largely multiplies existing risks faced by patients, with some notable exceptions. Identifying the unique factors contributing to the excess COVID-19 mortality risk among non-white groups is a priority to inform efforts to reduce deaths from COVID-19.FundingWellcome, Royal Society, National Institute for Health Research, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, UK Medical Research Council, Health Data Research UK.

Factors associated with knowledge of where to access health care among youth in juvenile detention: a mixed methods study

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Titilola Balogun ◽  
Catherine Troisi ◽  
Michael D. Swartz ◽  
Linda Lloyd ◽  
Rebecca Beyda
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
General Population ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Factors Associated

Abstract Background Mental illness, substance use, and sexual health issues are major health concerns among detained youth compared with the general population. There is a dearth of studies that demonstrate what detained youth in the United States know about where to access health services in the community. Given the magnitude of these health concerns among detained youth compared with youth in the general population, knowing where to access health care in the community could lead to early intervention and better health outcomes. Objectives This study determines what detained youth know about where to access care for mental health symptoms, substance use, and sexually transmitted infections, and identifies the factors associated with knowledge of where to access health care. Methods Data were collected using mixed methods from a cross-sectional sample of 301 detained youth. Information was obtained using surveys (which included closed and open-ended questions), and data abstraction from their medical records. Logistic regression analysis, Chi-squared tests and thematic analysis were used to analyze the data. Results Having a primary care provider, perceived susceptibility, and previous experiences with health care providers all influenced what youth in our study knew about where to seek health care. Conclusions The use of mixed methods including open-ended questions allowed us to gain a better perspective of where detained youth would seek help for health issues. Detained youth have poorer health outcomes yet many did not know where to access health resources. Primary care providers who see youth should provide comprehensive, youth-friendly services.

scholarly journals Factors associated with frailty in primary care: a prospective cohort study

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Diez-Ruiz ◽  
Antonio Bueno-Errandonea ◽  
Jazmina Nuñez-Barrio ◽  
Inmaculada Sanchez-Martín ◽  
Kalliopi Vrotsou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Factors associated with peripheral intravenous cannulation first-time insertion success in the emergency department. A multicentre prospective cohort analysis of patient, clinician and product characteristics

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e022278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J Carr ◽  
James C R Rippey ◽  
Marie L Cooke ◽  
Michelle L Trevenen ◽  
Niall S Higgins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Patient Factors ◽  
Discriminative Ability ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
First Time

ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify the incidence of and factors associated with peripheral intravenous catheter/cannula (PIVC) first time insertion success (FTIS) in the emergency department (ED).DesignProspective cohort study.SettingTwo tertiary EDs in Western Australia.Participants879 ED patients.Primary outcomeTo identify factors affecting FTIS using univariate and multivariate logistic regression modelling. We created four models:patient factors only; clinician factors only; products and technology factors only and all factors model. We assessed each model’s performance using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsA total of 1201 PIVCs were inserted in 879 patients. The mean age was 60.3 (SD 22) years with slightly more females (52%). The FTIS rate was 73%, with 128 (15%) requiring a second attempt and 83 (9%) requiring three or more attempts. A small percentage (3%) had no recorded number of subsequent attempts. FTIS was related to the following patient factors: age (for a 1-year increase in age: OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.983 to 0.998; p=0.0097); and target vein palpability: (always palpable vs never palpable: OR 3.53 95% CI 1.64 to 7.60; only palpable with tourniquet vs never palpable: OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.06 to 4.57; p=0.0014). Clinician factors related to FTIS include: clinicians with greater confidence (p<0.0001) and insertion experience (301–1000 vs <301: OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.34; >1000 vs <301: OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.41 to 3.04; p=0.0011). The finalall factors modelcombining patient factors; clinician factors and product and technology factors has greater discriminative ability than specific factors models. It has a sensitivity of 74.26%, specificity of 57.69%, positive predictive value of 82.87% and negative predictive value of 44.85%.ConclusionA clinical decision, matching patients who have no palpable veins and are older, with clinicians with greater confidence and experience, will likely improve FTIS.Trialregistration numberANZCTRN12615000588594; Results.

Factors associated with physiotherapists' preference for MRI in primary care patients with low back and leg pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Sarah Ely ◽  
Siobhán Stynes ◽  
Reuben Ogollah ◽  
Nadine E. Foster ◽  
Kika Konstantinou
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Leg Pain ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Primary Care Patients

Preventative health screening community events, a mechanism to target minority ethnic populations in improving primary care utilisation to improve health outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp20X711005
Author(s):  
Raza Naqvi ◽  
Octavia Gale
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Minority Ethnic

BackgroundPreventative medicine has become a central focus in primary care provision, with greater emphasis on education and access to health care screening. The Department of Health reports existing health inequalities and inequalities in access within ethnic minority groups. Studies assessing the value of community engagement in primary care have reported variable outcomes in term of subsequent service utilisation.AimTo consider the benefit of community-based health screening checks to improve access and health outcomes in minority ethnic groups.MethodAn open community health screening event (n = 43), to allow targeted screening within an ethnic minority population. Screening included BP, BMI, BM and cholesterol. Results were interpreted by a healthcare professional and counselling was provided regarding relevant risk factors. Post-event feedback was gathered to collate participant opinion and views.ResultsSeventy-nine per cent of participants were from ethnic minority backgrounds: 64% were overweight or obese and 53% of participants were referred to primary care for urgent review following abnormal findings. All those referred would not have accessed healthcare without the event referral. All (100%) participants believed it improved health education and access to health care.ConclusionThis study clearly demonstrates the value of targeted community-led screening and education events in public health promotion. There was a significant benefit in providing community-based screening. There is a need for a longitudinal analysis to determine the impact on health outcomes and long-term access to healthcare provision.

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