scholarly journals Molecular identification of Pentatrichomonas hominis in animals in central and western Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aongart Mahittikorn ◽  
Ruenruetai Udonsom ◽  
Khuanchai Koompapong ◽  
Rachatawan Chiabchalard ◽  
Chantira Sutthikornchai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Zoonotic Parasite ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pentatrichomonas Hominis ◽  
Rna Genes

Abstract Background Pentatrichomonas hominis inhabits the digestive tracts of several vertebrates, such as humans, monkeys, pigs, dogs, cats and rats. This protozoan was originally considered a commensal of the digestive tract but has subsequently been identified as a potential zoonotic parasite and a causative agent of diarrhoea. Molecular techniques are considered more sensitive and specific to detect P. hominis. This study aimed to determine the presence and genetic diversity of P. hominis in animals in Thailand. A total of 403 faecal samples were collected from 119 cats, 55 dogs, 73 goats, 35 monkeys, 55 cattle and 66 pigs, and the presence of P. hominis was determined using the nested polymerase chain reaction method. Sequence analysis of small-subunit ribosomal RNA genes was used to determine the genotype of the organism. Results Twenty-six samples (26/403, 6.45%) were positive for P. hominis. The highest prevalence was found in cats (21/119; 17.65%), followed by cattle (3/55; 5.45%) and dogs (2/55; 3.64%). Seven out of 26 nucleotides demonstrated 100% sequence identity with existing sequences; additionally, 16 novel sequence patterns were identified. All nucleotide sequences of P. hominis-positive samples were shown in the same branch with the previously described P. hominis sequences found in humans, dogs and goat. Conclusion This is the first study on P. hominis infections in animals in Thailand. Our findings revealed that the prevalence of P. hominis was significantly higher in cats than in cattle and dogs. Cats were the main reservoir host; however, P. hominis can infect several kinds of animals. Therefore, the proper waste management of animals is necessary to reduce and prevent infection in the community.

Cross-sectional survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in colony cats from urban Florence (Italy)

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Mancianti ◽  
Simona Nardoni ◽  
Gaetano Ariti ◽  
Dario Parlanti ◽  
Giovanna Giuliani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modified Agglutination Test ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Cats are the key species in the epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection, even if the proportion of subjects excreting oocysts is low. The aim of the present paper was to obtain information about seroprevalence, oocyst shedding rate and presence of T gondii DNA in faeces collected from an urban population of colony cats in Florence (Tuscany). Fifty European shorthair feral cats were examined for anti- T gondii specific antibodies by a modified agglutination test (MAT), and for oocysts by microscopic examination and for faecal protozoal DNA, by means of a nested polymerase chain reaction (n-PCR) protocol. Twenty-two out of 50 serum samples (44%) were MAT positive. T gondii oocysts were not detected in any of the examined faecal samples. Eight out of 50 faecal specimens (16%) were n-PCR positive and sequencing of the bands was specific for T gondii. Detection by combination of the two methods was higher than single techniques and enhanced the detection of T gondii up to 48%. Our results suggest that the use of MAT plus PCR in faeces may be the best choice for diagnosis of feline toxoplasmosis. Further studies to ascertain the real infectivity of the copro-PCR positive subjects are required.

scholarly journals Molecular features of hepatitis E virus from farmed rabbits in Shandong province, China

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Hongna Zhang ◽  
Yufa Zhou ◽  
Jingbo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
The United States ◽  
Shandong Province ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

<p>This study was undertaken to investigate the genetic variability of hepatitis E virus (HEV) from farmed rabbits in Shandong province, China. A total of 50 fresh faecal samples from 5 rabbit farms were collected and subjected to reverse transcription and nested polymerase chain reaction (RT-nPCR) for a fragment sequence of HEV capsid gene. The results demonstrated that HEV RNA was observed in 6 faecal samples (6/50, 12.0%). In addition, the result of phylogenetic analysis showed that the 6 HEV isolates were classified into HEV-3 genotype with other rabbit HEV isolates from other countries, and shared 85.2-87.2%, 81.5-83.1%, and 77.0-78.6% nucleotide similarities with rabbit HEV isolates from Korea, the United States and France, respectively. To sum up, the HEV isolated in this study from farmed rabbits belongs to the HEV-3 genotype, and the zoonotic ability and pathogenesis of the rabbit HEV merit further study due to the fact that HEV-3 genotype has the potential to trigger zoonotic infections.</p>

Molecular identification of zoonotic hookworm species in dog faeces from Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Merino-Tejedor ◽  
P. Nejsum ◽  
E.M. Mkupasi ◽  
M.V. Johansen ◽  
Annette Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Sanger Sequencing ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Veterinary Importance ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Species Specific

AbstractThe presence and distribution of various species of canine hookworms in Africa are poorly known. The main objective of this study, therefore, was to identify the hookworm species present in canine faecal samples from Morogoro, Tanzania, using molecular techniques. Faecal samples from 160 local dogs were collected and hookworm positive samples processed to recover larvae for further molecular characterization. DNA was extracted from pools of larvae from individual samples (n = 66), which were analysed subsequently using two different molecular approaches, polymerase chain reaction-linked restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and species-specific PCR coupled with Sanger sequencing. The PCR-RFLP technique detected only the presence of the ubiquitousAncylostoma caninumin the 66 samples. However, by species-specific PCR coupled with Sanger sequencing we identified ten samples withA. braziliense, two withUncinaria stenocephalaand five withA. ceylanicum. Thus, all four known species of canine hookworms were identified in Morogoro, Tanzania. To our knowledge this is the first report of the detection of the presence ofU. stenocephalaandA. ceylanicumin Africa using molecular techniques. In addition to their veterinary importance, canine hookworms have zoonotic potential and are of public health concern.

Detection ofLawsonia intracellularisin faeces of swine from the main producing regions in Brazil

1999 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana E.C. Nascimento Chiriboga ◽  
Walter V Guimarães ◽  
Maria Cristina D. Vanetti ◽  
Elza F Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Lawsonia Intracellularis ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Proliferative Enteropathy ◽  
Total Incidence ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Dna Fragment ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Swine proliferative enteropathy is an enteric disease caused by Lawsonia intracellularis which affects animals between 6 and 20 weeks of age, causing diarrhea, anorexia, and poor growth. The presence of L. intracellularis was evaluated in the faecal samples of 636 swine from 75 randomly chosen herds in the main swine-producing regions of Brazil. The pathogen was detected by the polymerase chain reaction method (PCR) using L. intracellularis specific primers. A 319-bp DNA fragment specific for L. intracellularis was produced on amplification of DNA from the faeces of pigs with proliferative enteropathy. Equal amounts of DNA extracted from the faeces of animals from the same herd were pooled together and, once L. intracellularis was detected, the faecal material of each animal was analyzed separately. The incidence of L. intracellularis was 33.4% in the state of Santa Catarina, 29.4% in Paraná, 26.3% in Minas Gerais, 16.7% in Mato Grosso, and 7.1% in São Paulo. The presence of the pathogenic agent was detected in samples from 15 farms, representing a total incidence of 20%. Although 46 animals (7.2%) were shown to be infected, 11% did not present any symptoms of swine proliferative enteropathy. The use of PCR allowed the detection of L. intracellularis in swine farms and the evaluation of the incidence of proliferative enteropathy in different regions of Brazil.Key words: proliferative enteropathy, diagnosis, Lawsonia intracellularis, PCR, incidence.

scholarly journals Myrrh Oil in Vitro Inhibitory Growth on Bovine and Equine Piroplasm Parasites and Babesia microti of Mice

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud AbouLaila ◽  
Shimaa Abd El-Salam El-Sayed ◽  
Mosaab A. Omar ◽  
Mohammad Saleh Al-Aboody ◽  
Amer R. Abdel Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Subunit ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Theileria Equi ◽  
Diminazene Aceturate ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The present experimental study was conducted for the assessment of the efficacy of in vitro inhibition of myrrh oil on the propagation of Babesia bovis, B. divergens, B. bigemina, Theileria equi, and B. caballi and in vivo efficacy on B. microti in mice through fluorescence assay based on SYBR green I. The culture of B. divergens B. bovis and was used to evaluate the in vitro possible interaction between myrrh oil and other commercial compound, such as pyronaridine tetraphosphate (PYR), diminazene aceturate (DA), or luteolin. Nested-polymerase chain reaction protocol using primers of the small-subunit rRNA of B. microti was employed to detect any remnants of DNA for studied parasitic species either in blood or tissues. Results elucidated that; Myrrh oil significantly inhibit the growth at 1% of parasitic blood level for all bovine and equine piroplasm under the study. Parasitic regrowth was inhibited subsequently by viability test at 2 µg/mL for B. bigemina and B. bovis, and there was a significant improvement in the in vitro growth inhibition by myrrh oil when combined with DA, PYR, and luteolin. At the same time; mice treated with a combination of myrrh oil/DA showed a higher inhibition in emitted fluorescence signals than the group that challenged with 25 mg/kg of diminazene aceturate at 10 and 12 days post-infection. In conclusion, this study has recommended the myrrh oil to treat animal piroplasmosis, especially in combination with low doses of DA.

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