scholarly journals The management of very low-calorie ketogenic diet in obesity outpatient clinic: a practical guide

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Muscogiuri ◽  
Luigi Barrea ◽  
Daniela Laudisio ◽  
Gabriella Pugliese ◽  
Ciro Salzano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Epidemic Disease ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Ketogenic Diets ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Times ◽  
Nutritional Strategies

Abstract The epidemic of obesity is growing steadily across the whole world. Obesity is not only a merely aesthetic disease but is the “mother” of most chronic diseases such as associated with a range of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, obstructive sleep apnea, and cancer. However, although there is a need to find a strategy to stop this epidemic disease, most of the times the current nutritional strategies are not effective in weight loss and in long term weight maintenance. Very low-calorie ketogenic diets (VLCKD) is increasingly establishing as a successful nutritional pattern to manage obesity; this is due to rapid weight loss that gives rise to a positive psychological cycle which in turn increases the compliance to diet. Another important key point of VLCKD is the ability to preserve fatty free mass which is known to play a role of paramount importance in glucose metabolism. Despite the clinical evidence of VLCKD there are paucity of data regarding to its management. Therefore, we will provide a useful guide to be used by nutrition experts taking care of subjects with obesity. In particular, we will report recommendations on the correct use of this therapeutic approach for weight loss and management of side effects.

scholarly journals Alternate Day Fasting Combined with a Low Carbohydrate Diet: Effect on Sleep Quality, Duration, Insomnia Severity and Risk of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults with Obesity

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Faiza Kalam ◽  
Kelsey Gabel ◽  
Sofia Cienfuegos ◽  
Mark Ezpeleta ◽  
Eric Wiseman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
Insomnia Severity

Background: Alternate day fasting combined with a low carbohydrate diet (ADF-LC) is an effective weight loss regimen. Whether the weight loss induced by ADF-LC can improve sleep, remains unknown. Objective: This study examined the effect an ADF-LC diet on sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea. Methods: Adults with obesity (n = 31) participated in ADF (600 kcal “fast day”; ad libitum intake “feast day”) with a low-carbohydrate diet (30% carbohydrates, 35% protein, and 35% fat). The 6-month trial consisted of a 3-month weight loss period followed by a 3-month weight maintenance period. Results: Reductions in body weight (−5 ± 1 kg, p < 0.001) and fat mass (−4 ± 1 kg, p < 0.01) were noted during the weight loss period, and these reductions were sustained during the weight maintenance period. Lean mass and visceral fat remained unchanged. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score indicated poor sleep quality at baseline (6.4 ± 0.7) with no change by month 3 or 6, versus baseline. ISI score indicated subthreshold insomnia at baseline (8.5 ± 1.0), with no change by month 3 or 6, versus baseline. The percent of subjects with high risk of obstructive sleep apnea at baseline was 45%, with no change by month 3 or 6. Wake time, bedtime, and sleep duration remained unchanged. Conclusion: The ADF-LC diet does not impact sleep quality, duration, insomnia severity or the risk of obstructive sleep apnea in adults with obesity.

scholarly journals Reduction of Cardio-Metabolic Risk and Body Weight through a Multiphasic Very-Low Calorie Ketogenic Diet Program in Women with Overweight/Obesity: A Study in a Real-World Setting

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1804
Author(s):  
Elena Tragni ◽  
Luisella Vigna ◽  
Massimiliano Ruscica ◽  
Chiara Macchi ◽  
Manuela Casula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Real World ◽  
Metabolic Complications ◽  
Multi Centre Study ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Ketogenic Diets ◽  
Real World Setting ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Background: The prevention and treatment of obesity and its cardio-metabolic complications are relevant issues worldwide. Among lifestyle approaches, very low-calorie ketogenic diets (VLCKD) have been shown to lead to rapid initial weight loss, resulting in better long-term weight loss maintenance. As no information on VLCKD studies carried on in a real-world setting are available, we conducted this multi-centre study in a real-world setting, aiming at assessing the efficacy and the safety of a specific multiphasic VLCKD program in women with overweight or obesity. Methods: A multi-center, prospective, uncontrolled trial was conducted in 33 outpatient women (age range 27–60 y) with overweight or obesity (BMI: 30.9 ± 2.7 kg/m2; waist circumference: 96.0 ± 9.4 cm) who started a VLCKD dietary program (duration: 24 weeks), divided into four phases. The efficacy of VLCKD was assessed by evaluating anthropometric measures and cardiometabolic markers; liver and kidney function biomarkers were assessed as safety parameters. Results: The VLCKD program resulted in a significant decrease of body weight and BMI (−14.6%) and waist circumference (−12.4%). At the end of the protocol, 33.3% of the participants reached a normal weight and the subjects in the obesity range were reduced from 70% to 16.7%. HOMA-IR was markedly reduced from 3.17 ± 2.67 to 1.73 ± 1.23 already after phase 2 and was unchanged thereafter. Systolic blood pressure decreased after phase 1 (−3.5 mmHg) and remained unchanged until the end of the program. Total and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly reduced by VLCKD along with a significant HDL cholesterol increase. Liver, kidney and thyroid function markers did not change and remained within the reference range. Conclusions: The findings of a multi-center VLCKD program conducted in a real-world setting in a cohort of overweight/obese women indicate that it is safe and effective, as it results in a major improvement of cardiometabolic parameters, thus leading to benefits that span well beyond the mere body weight/adiposity reduction.

scholarly journals Very low-calorie diet in candidates for bariatric surgery: change in body composition during rapid weight loss

Clinics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Pires Serafim ◽  
Marco Aurelio Santo ◽  
Alexandre Vieira Gadducci ◽  
Veruska Magalhães Scabim ◽  
Ivan Cecconello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Very Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Calorie Diet

Long-term maintenance of weight loss after a very-low-calorie diet: a randomized blinded trial of the efficacy and tolerability of sibutramine

1999 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Apfelbaum ◽  
Philippe Vague ◽  
Olivier Ziegler ◽  
Corinne Hanotin ◽  
Florence Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Very Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Term Maintenance ◽  
Blinded Trial

scholarly journals Effects of Weight Loss and Long-Term Weight Maintenance With Diets Varying in Protein and Glycemic Index on Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Circulation ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 124 (25) ◽  
pp. 2829-2838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Gögebakan ◽  
Angela Kohl ◽  
Martin A. Osterhoff ◽  
Marleen A. van Baak ◽  
Susan A. Jebb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Weight Maintenance

The effect of rate of weight loss on erythrocyte glutathione concentration and synthesis in healthy obese men

2002 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter FABER ◽  
Alexandra M. JOHNSTONE ◽  
Eileen R. GIBNEY ◽  
Marinos ELIA ◽  
R. James STUBBS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Very Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Low Calorie ◽  
Low Calorie Diet ◽  
Calorie Diet ◽  
Obese Subjects

Obesity is commonly associated with a high incidence and prevalence of dyslipidaemia, cardiovascular disease and Type II diabetes. Interestingly, studies have also reported decreased antioxidant levels in obese subjects. This may constitute an independent risk factor in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease as obese subjects would have a decreased capacity to prevent the oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins, which is a mechanism suggested as central to the development of atherogenesis. As part of a study to investigate responses to weight loss, we have assessed the effects on GSH status of a decrease in body mass of 5%, either after 6 days of complete starvation or 11 days of a very low calorie diet (2.55MJ/day). There were significant differences between the two groups in the synthesis rate of erythrocyte GSH in response to weight loss. Both the fractional and the erythrocyte synthesis rate of GSH decreased significantly (P<0.01) in the starvation group by 22% and 16% respectively. In contrast, no change in synthesis rates was observed in the very low calorie diet group (P>0.05). Total erythrocyte concentration of GSH was unaffected by the weight loss within both groups. These results suggest that erythrocyte GSH synthesis is depressed in response to a very rapid weight loss induced by fasting. An acute reduction in GSH synthesis in response to a rapid weight loss may constitute a risk factor during periods of increased GSH demands.

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