scholarly journals Distinct osmoregulatory responses to sodium loading in patients with altered glycosaminoglycan structure: a randomized cross-over trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane F. E. Wenstedt ◽  
Jetta J. Oppelaar ◽  
Stijn Besseling ◽  
Nienke M. G. Rorije ◽  
Rik H. G. Olde Engberink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heparan Sulfate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Water Homeostasis ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Sodium Loading ◽  
High Sodium Diet

Abstract Background By binding to negatively charged polysaccharides called glycosaminoglycans, sodium can be stored in the body—particularly in the skin—without concurrent water retention. Concordantly, individuals with changed glycosaminoglycan structure (e.g. type 1 diabetes (DM1) and hereditary multiple exostosis (HME) patients) may have altered sodium and water homeostasis. Methods We investigated responses to acute (30-min infusion) and chronic (1-week diet) sodium loading in 8 DM1 patients and 7 HME patients in comparison to 12 healthy controls. Blood samples, urine samples, and skin biopsies were taken to investigate glycosaminoglycan sulfation patterns and both systemic and cellular osmoregulatory responses. Results Hypertonic sodium infusion increased plasma sodium in all groups, but more in DM1 patients than in controls. High sodium diet increased expression of nuclear factor of activated t-cells 5 (NFAT5)—a transcription factor responsive to changes in osmolarity—and moderately sulfated heparan sulfate in skin of healthy controls. In HME patients, skin dermatan sulfate, rather than heparan sulfate, increased in response to high sodium diet, while in DM1 patients, no changes were observed. Conclusion DM1 and HME patients show distinct osmoregulatory responses to sodium loading when comparing to controls with indications for reduced sodium storage capacity in DM1 patients, suggesting that intact glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis is important in sodium and water homeostasis. Trial registration These trials were registered with the Netherlands trial register with registration numbers: NTR4095 (https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/3933 at 2013-07-29) and NTR4788 (https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/4645 at 2014-09-12).

Effect of sodium intake on gene expression and plasma levels of ANF in rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (2) ◽  
pp. H245-H249
Author(s):  
A. L. Lattion ◽  
J. F. Aubert ◽  
J. P. Fluckiger ◽  
J. Nussberger ◽  
B. Waeber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Low Sodium Diet ◽  
Sodium Loading ◽  
High Sodium Diet

The effect of short- and long-term sodium loading and sodium restriction on the gene expression as well as on circulating plasma levels of atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) was evaluated in normotensive Wistar rats. These rats were fed either a low-, a regular-, or a high-sodium diet (regular diet and 1% saline as drinking fluid) and studied after 1 and 3 wk. The ANF mRNA was determined in pooled atria and ventricles of the different groups of rats, using the dot-blot technique. Plasma ANF levels were measured with a radioimmunoassay. After 1 wk on the high-sodium diet, ANF mRNA was increased in right atria and ventricles together with circulating ANF levels when compared with animals maintained for the same period on a low-sodium diet. After 3 wk on the various diets, the differences in cardiac ANF mRNA and in plasma ANF levels had disappeared. Gene expression of ANF was also looked for in different areas of the brain, lung, thyroid, adrenals, and the kidney; no hybridization was detected in any of these organs. These data suggest that in rats, the transcription of the ANF gene and peptide release in enhanced only during short-term adaptation to dietary sodium loading.

P1-93 Prenatal hyperglycemia alters kallikrein activity response to high sodium diet in adult rats

2007 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. S108
Author(s):  
S.P. Salas ◽  
A. Giacaman ◽  
F.J. Guarda ◽  
J. Acosta ◽  
C.P. Vío
Keyword(s):  
Adult Rats ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Activity Response ◽  
Kallikrein Activity ◽  
High Sodium Diet

scholarly journals Effects of High Sodium Diet on Dopaminergic Mechanism in Normal and Hypertensive Subjects

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 1157-1168
Author(s):  
Masaki TAKAHASHI ◽  
Yukio MIURA ◽  
Naoki SANO ◽  
Takashi OHZEKI ◽  
Takashi SUGAWARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Dopaminergic Mechanism ◽  
High Sodium Diet

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MATERNAL HIGH SODIUM DIET ON SYSTEMIC AND RENAL RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM OF MALES AND FEMALES OFFSPRING WISTAR RATS

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Rothstein Ramos ◽  
Nauilo Lima Costa ◽  
Karen Lucasechi Lopes Jang ◽  
Ivone Braga Oliveira ◽  
Luzia Naoko Shinohara Furukawa
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
High Sodium Diet

Upregulation of renal eNOS by high-sodium diet facilitates hypertension in doxorubicin-treated rats through enhanced oxidative stress

Toxicology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 225 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshihisa Hirai ◽  
Kenji Okumura ◽  
Yasuhiro Nishimoto ◽  
Takanori Shumiya ◽  
Ryuichiro Murakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
High Sodium Diet

Burden of high sodium diet in Brazilian population: Global Burden of Disease 2017 estimates

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Machado ◽  
L Guedes ◽  
M Felisbino-Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Population Attributable Fraction ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Brazilian Population ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Life Years ◽  
High Sodium Diet

Abstract High-sodium diet leads to significant health problems such as high blood pressure, chronic kidney disease, ventricular hypertrophy and stroke. In Brazil, 2008 survey data have shown an average intake of 4.7 g/day of sodium, equivalent to 12 g/day of salt. In 2014, the average ofsalt intake estimated was 9.3 g/day. In both surveys, the numbers are higher than the international recommendation of 5g/day of salt. Considering this excessive consumption and the invisibility of the major consequences of such lifestyle, the aim of this study was to estimate the burden of diseases due to a high-sodium diet in Brazil. We used the high-sodium diet attributable disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and deaths estimates of the Global Burden of Disease study in 2017 among Brazilian. The burden of high-sodium diet was assessed using a comparative risk assessment approach, which allows the calculation of the population attributable fraction of each disease that has an established relation with this behavior. Input data from Brazil to reach such estimates have included surveys that report the dietary sodium. Data on disease occurrence and mortality were obtained from health information systems and health surveys. In 2017, high-sodium diet contributed with a significant number of deaths (51,434, 95% U.I.: 9,266-105,118) and DALYs (988,258, 95% U.I.: 139,943-2,149,179) in Brazil. The states of Northern Region presented lower mortality rates (Roraima: 11.1/100,000; 95% U.I.: 1.5-24.0 and Amapa: 10.6/100,000; 1.5-23.5), while those in the Southeast have higher mortality rates (Rio de Janeiro: 33.2/100,000; 95% U.I.: 5.4-68.1 and São Paulo: 32.0/100,000; 95% U.I.: 3.5-49.6). The same pattern by states was observed for DALYs. These findings are significant and support the urgent necessity of strategies to reinforce the promotion of a healthy diet, restricted in ultra-processed foods high in sodium, among the Brazilian population in order to prevent early morbidity and mortality. Key messages Salt consumption in Brazil is high and contributes to a significant number of deaths and DALYs. It is necessary to increase and reinforce actions that promote the Brazilian traditional food, such as the Brazilian Food Guide, and also the sodium reduction agreements with industries.

scholarly journals Sodium Intake and Heart Failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9474
Author(s):  
Yash Patel ◽  
Jacob Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Myosin Heavy Chain ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Dietary Practices ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
High Sodium Diet

Sodium is an essential mineral and nutrient used in dietary practices across the world and is important to maintain proper blood volume and blood pressure. A high sodium diet is associated with increased expression of β—myosin heavy chain, decreased expression of α/β—myosin heavy chain, increased myocyte enhancer factor 2/nuclear factor of activated T cell transcriptional activity, and increased salt-inducible kinase 1 expression, which leads to alteration in myocardial mechanical performance. A high sodium diet is also associated with alterations in various proteins responsible for calcium homeostasis and myocardial contractility. Excessive sodium intake is associated with the development of a variety of comorbidities including hypertension, chronic kidney disease, stroke, and cardiovascular diseases. While the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/Heart Failure Society of America guidelines recommend limiting sodium intake to both prevent and manage heart failure, the evidence behind such recommendations is unclear. Our review article highlights evidence and underlying mechanisms favoring and contradicting limiting sodium intake in heart failure.

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