scholarly journals Effect of whey vs. soy protein supplementation on recovery kinetics following speed endurance training in competitive male soccer players: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savvas Kritikos ◽  
Konstantinos Papanikolaou ◽  
Dimitrios Draganidis ◽  
Athanasios Poulios ◽  
Kalliopi Georgakouli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Exercise Induced

Abstract Background Soccer-specific speed-endurance training induces short-term neuromuscular fatigue and performance deterioration over a 72-h recovery period, associated with elevated markers of exercise-induced muscle damage. We compared the effects of whey vs. soy protein supplementation on field activity, performance, muscle damage and redox responses following speed-endurance training in soccer players. Methods Ten well-trained, male soccer players completed three speed-endurance training trials, receiving whey protein (WP), soy protein (SP) or an isoenergetic placebo (PL; maltodextrin) according to a randomized, double-blind, crossover, repeated-measures design. A pre-loading period was applied in each trial during which protein supplementation was individually adjusted to reach a total protein intake of 1.5 g/kg/day, whereas in PL protein intake was adjusted at 0.8–1 g/kg/day. Following pre-loading, two speed-endurance training sessions (1 and 2) were performed 1 day apart, over a 3-day experimental period. During each session, field activity and heart rate were continuously monitored using global positioning system and heart rate monitors, respectively. Performance (isokinetic strength of knee extensors and flexors, maximal voluntary isometric contraction, speed, repeated sprint ability, countermovement jump), muscle damage (delayed-onset of muscle soreness, creatine kinase activity) and redox status (glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, protein carbonyls) were evaluated at baseline (pre), following pre-loading (post-load), and during recovery from speed-endurance training. Results High-intensity and high-speed running decreased (P ≤ 0.05) during speed-endurance training in all trials, but WP and SP mitigated this response. Isokinetic strength, maximal voluntary isometric contraction, 30-m speed, repeated sprint ability and countermovement jump performance were similarly deteriorated during recovery following speed-endurance training in all trials (P ≤ 0.05). 10 m speed was impaired at 24 h only in PL. Delayed-onset of muscle soreness, creatine kinase, total antioxidant capacity and protein carbonyls increased and glutathione decreased equally among trials following speed-endurance training (P ≤ 0.05), with SP inducing a faster recovery of protein carbonyls only at 48 h (P ≤ 0.05) compared to WP and PL. Conclusions In conclusion, increasing daily protein intake to 1.5 g/kg through ingestion of either whey or soy protein supplements mitigates field performance deterioration during successive speed-endurance training sessions without affecting exercise-induced muscle damage and redox status markers. Trial registration Name of the registry: clinicaltrials.gov. Trial registration: NCT03753321. Date of registration: 12/10/2018.

Effect of a Single Dose of Green Tea Polyphenols on the Blood Markers of Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress in Soccer Players

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 486-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Jówko ◽  
Jaroslaw Sacharuk ◽  
Bozena Balasinska ◽  
Jacek Wilczak ◽  
Malgorzata Charmas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Green Tea Polyphenols ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Muscle Endurance ◽  
Endurance Test ◽  
Acute Ingestion ◽  
Exercise Induced

Purpose:To evaluate the effect of acute ingestion of green tea polyphenols (GTP) on blood markers of oxidative stress and muscle damage in soccer players exposed to intense exercise.Methods:This randomized, double-blinded study was conducted on 16 players during a general preparation period, when all athletes participated in a strength-training program focused on the development of strength endurance. After ingestion of a single dose of GTP (640 mg) or placebo, all athletes performed an intense muscle-endurance test consisting of 3 sets of 2 strength exercises (bench press, back squat) performed to exhaustion, with a load at 60% 1-repetition maximum and 1-min rests between sets. Blood samples were collected preexercise, 5 min after the muscle-endurance test, and after 24 hr of recovery. Blood plasma was analyzed for the concentrations of thiobarbituric acid–reacting substances (TBARS), uric acid (UA), total catechins, total antioxidant status (TAS), and activity of creatine kinase (CK); at the same time, erythrocytes were assayed for the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD).Results:In both groups, plasma TBARS, UA, and TAS increased significantly postexercise and remained elevated after a 24-hr recovery period. SOD activity in erythrocytes did not change significantly in response to the muscle-endurance test, whereas in both groups plasma CK activity increased significantly after 24 hr of recovery. Acute intake of GTP cased a slight but significant increase in total plasma catechins. However, GTP was found not to exert a significant effect on measured parameters.Conclusions:Acute ingestion of GTP (640 mg) does not attenuate exercise-induced oxidative stress and muscle damage.

EFFECTS OF MASSAGE UNDER HYPOXIC CONDITIONS ON EXERCISE-INDUCED MUSCLE DAMAGE AND PHYSICAL STRAIN INDICES IN PROFESSIONAL SOCCER PLAYERS

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannes Gatterer ◽  
Kai Schenk ◽  
Maria Wille ◽  
Patrick Murnig ◽  
Martin Burtscher
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Physical Strain ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals Analysis of cellular responses to free radicals: focus on exercise and skeletal muscle

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott K. Powers ◽  
Shannon L. Lennon
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Vitamins E And C ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Enzymic Antioxidants ◽  
Β Carotene

Muscular exercise results in an increased production of radicals and other forms of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recent evidence suggests that radicals and other ROS are an underlying aetiology in exercise-induced disturbances in muscle redox status. These exercise-induced redox disturbances in skeletal muscle are postulated to contribute to both muscle fatigue and/or exercise-induced muscle injury. To defend against ROS, muscle cells contain complex cellular defence mechanisms to reduce the risk of oxidative injury. Two major classes (enzymic and non-enzymic) of endogenous protective mechanisms work together to reduce the harmful effects of oxidants in the cell. Primary antioxidant enzymes include superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1; SOD), GSH peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9; GPX), and catalase (EC 1.11.1.6); these enzymes are responsible for removing superoxide radicals, H2O2 and organic hydroperoxides, and H2O2 respectively. Important non-enzymic antioxidants include vitamins E and C, β-carotene, GSH and ubiquinones. Vitamin E, β-carotene and ubiquinone are located in lipid regions of the cell, whereas GSH and vitamin C are in aqueous compartments of the cell. Regular endurance training promotes an increase in both total SOD and GPX activity in actively-recruited skeletal muscles. High-intensity exercise training has been shown to be generally superior to low-intensity exercise in the upregulation of muscle SOD and GPX activities. Also, training-induced upregulation of antioxidant enzymes is limited to highly-oxidative skeletal muscles. The effects of endurance training on non-enzymic antioxidants remain a relatively uninvestigated area.

scholarly journals Continuous Protein Supplementation Reduces Acute Exercise-Induced Stress Markers in Athletes Performing Marathon

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2929
Author(s):  
Martin Röhling ◽  
David McCarthy ◽  
Aloys Berg
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Marathon Race ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Muscle Stress ◽  
Exercise Induced

The aim of this study was to determine the changes in endurance performance and metabolic, hormonal, and inflammatory markers induced by endurance stress (marathon race) in a combined strategy of training and dietary protein supplementation. The study was designed as a randomised controlled trial consisting of regular endurance training without and with a daily intake of a soy protein-based supplement over a three-month period in 2 × 15 (10 males and 5 females per group) endurance-trained adults. Body composition (body mass, BMI, and fat mass) was determined, and physical fitness was measured by treadmill ergometry at baseline and after 3 months of intervention; changes in exercise-induced stress and inflammatory markers (CK, myoglobin, interleukin-6, cortisol, and leukocytes) were also determined before and after a marathon competition; eating behaviour was documented before and after intervention by a three-day diet diary. Although no significant influence on endurance performance was observed, the protein supplementation regime reduced the exercise-induced muscle stress response. Furthermore, a protein intake of ≥20% of total energy intake led to a lower-level stress reaction after the marathon race. In conclusion, supplementary protein intake may influence exercise-induced muscle stress reactions by changing cellular metabolism and inflammatory pathways.

scholarly journals The impact of protein supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage, soreness and fatigue following prolonged walking exercise in older adults a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique ten Haaf ◽  
Coen C.W.G. Bongers ◽  
Hugo G. Hulshof ◽  
Thijs M.H. Eijsvogels ◽  
Maria T.E. Hopman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Inflammation Markers ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Walking Exercise ◽  
Exercise Induced

Abstract Background Protein supplementation can enhance recovery of exercise-induced muscle damage in young adults. It is currently unknown whether this could be extrapolated to older adults who have a disturbed muscle protein synthetic response. The aim of this study was to assess whether protein supplementation could attenuate exercise-induced muscle damage and soreness after prolonged moderate-intensity walking exercise in older adults.Methods In a double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study, 104 participants (81% male, BMI: 26.5±2.5 kg/m 2 ) of 65 years or older used either a protein (n=50) or placebo supplement (n=54) during breakfast and directly after exercise cessation. Study participants walked 30/40/50 km per day on 3 consecutive days. Muscle soreness and fatigue were determined at baseline, and after the 1 st and 3 rd exercise day with a numeric rating scale. Blood samples, to measure plasma creatine kinase (CK) concentrations and serum inflammation markers, were obtained at baseline (pre-exercise), and after the 1 st and 3 rd exercise day.Results Habitual protein intake was comparable between the protein (0.92±0.27 g/kg/d) and placebo group (0.97±0.23 g/kg/d, P= 0.31). At baseline, comparable CK concentrations were found between the protein and the placebo group (110 (IQR: 84–160 U/L) and 115 (IQR: 91–186 U/L), respectively, P= 0.84). Prolonged walking (protein: 32±9 km/d, placebo: 33±6 km/d) resulted in a cumulative increase of CK in both the protein (∆283 (IQR: 182–662 U/L)) and placebo group (∆456 (IQR: 209–885 U/L)) after three days. CK elevations were not significantly different between groups ( P= 0.43). Similarly, no differences in inflammation markers, muscle soreness and fatigue were found between groups.Conclusions In contrast to findings in young adults, protein supplementation does not attenuate exercise-induced muscle damage, muscle soreness or fatigue in older adults performing prolonged moderate-intensity walking exercise.

scholarly journals Quercetin Supplementation Improves Neuromuscular Function Recovery from Muscle Damage

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2850
Author(s):  
Ilenia Bazzucchi ◽  
Federica Patrizio ◽  
Roberta Ceci ◽  
Guglielmo Duranti ◽  
Stefania Sabatini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Eccentric Exercise ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Neuromuscular Function ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Maximal Voluntary Isometric Contraction ◽  
Velocity Relationship ◽  
Force Velocity ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study was aimed at investigating whether quercetin (Q) may improve the recovery of neuromuscular function and biochemical parameters in the 7 days following an eccentric exercise-induced muscle damage (EEIMD). Sixteen men (25.9 ± 3.3 y) ingested Q (1000 mg/day) or placebo (PLA) for 14 days following a double-blind crossover study design. A neuromuscular (NM) test was performed pre–post, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h and 7 days after an intense eccentric exercise. The force–velocity relationship of the elbow flexor muscles and their maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) were recorded simultaneously to the electromyographic signals (EMG). Pain, joint angle, arm circumference, plasma creatine kinase (CK) and lactate-dehydrogenase (LDH) were also assessed. The results showed that Q supplementation significantly attenuated the strength loss compared to PLA. During the recovery, force–velocity relationship and mean fibers conduction velocity (MFCV) persisted significantly less when participants consumed PLA rather than Q, especially at the highest angular velocities (p < 0.02). A greater increase in biomarkers of damage was also evident in PLA with respect to Q. Q supplementation for 14 days seems able to ameliorate the recovery of eccentric exercise-induced weakness, neuromuscular function impairment and biochemical parameters increase probably due to its strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant action.

The benefit of a supplement with the antioxidant melatonin on redox status and muscle damage in resistance-trained athletes

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 700-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto C. Leonardo-Mendonça ◽  
Javier Ocaña-Wilhelmi ◽  
Tomás de Haro ◽  
Carlos de Teresa-Galván ◽  
Eduardo Guerra-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Exercise Induced

Previous data showed that the administration of high doses of melatonin improved the circadian system in athletes. Here, we investigated in the same experimental paradigm whether the antioxidant properties of melatonin has also beneficial effects against exercise-induced oxidative stress and muscle damage in athletes. Twenty-four athletes were treated with 100 mg·day−1 of melatonin or placebo 30 min before bedtime during 4 weeks in a randomized double-blind scheme. Exercise intensity was higher during the study that before starting it. Blood samples were collected before and after treatment, and plasma was used for oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC), lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitrite plus nitrate (NOx), and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) determinations. Glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulphide (GSSG) levels, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reductase (GRd) activities, were measured in erythrocytes. Melatonin intake increased ORAC, reduced LPO and NOx levels, and prevented the increase of AOPP, compared to placebo group. Melatonin was also more efficient than placebo in reducing GSSG·GSH−1 and GPx·GRd−1 ratios. Melatonin, but not placebo, reduced creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, and total cholesterol levels. Overall, the data reflect a beneficial effect of melatonin treatment in resistance-training athletes, preventing extra- and intracellular oxidative stress induced by exercise, and yielding further skeletal muscle protection against exercise-induced oxidative damage.

Neuromuscular function, hormonal and redox status and muscle damage of professional soccer players after a high-level competitive match

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (9) ◽  
pp. 2193-2201 ◽  
Author(s):  
João R. Silva ◽  
António Ascensão ◽  
Franklim Marques ◽  
André Seabra ◽  
António Rebelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Neuromuscular Function ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals The Effects of Spirulina Supplementation on Redox Status and Performance Following a Muscle Damaging Protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3559
Author(s):  
Aggelos Pappas ◽  
Athanasios Tsiokanos ◽  
Ioannis Fatouros ◽  
Athanasios Poulios ◽  
Dimitris Kouretas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
And Performance

Spirulina plantensis is a popular supplement which has been shown to have antioxidant and performance enhancing properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of spirulina supplementation on (a) redox status (b) muscle performance and (c) muscle damage following an eccentric bout of exercise that would induce muscle damage. Twenty-four healthy, recreationally trained males participated in the study and were randomly separated into two groups: a spirulina supplementation (6 g per day) and a placebo group. Both groups performed an eccentric bout of exercise consisting of 5 sets and 15 maximum reps per set. Blood was collected at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after the bout and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and protein carbonyls (PC) were assessed in plasma. Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) was also assessed at the same aforementioned time points. Eccentric peak torque (EPT) was evaluated immediately after exercise, as well as at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post exercise. Redox status indices (TAC and PC) did not change significantly at any time point post exercise. DOMS increased significantly 24 h post exercise and remained elevated until 72 h and 96 h post exercise for the placebo and spirulina group, respectively. EPT decreased significantly and immediately post exercise and remained significantly lower compared to baseline until 72 h post exercise. No significant differences between groups were found for DOMS and EPT. These results indicate that spirulina supplementation following a muscle damaging protocol does not confer beneficial effects on redox status, muscle performance or damage.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document