scholarly journals Intranasal exposure of African green monkeys to SARS-CoV-2 results in acute phase pneumonia with shedding and lung injury still present in the early convalescence phase

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Cross ◽  
Krystle N. Agans ◽  
Abhishek N. Prasad ◽  
Viktoriya Borisevich ◽  
Courtney Woolsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Convalescence Phase ◽  
Green Monkeys

scholarly journals Regulatory T cell-mediated resolution of lung injury: identification of potential target genes via expression profiling

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil R. Aggarwal ◽  
Franco R. D'Alessio ◽  
Kenji Tsushima ◽  
Venkataramana K. Sidhaye ◽  
Christopher Cheadle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Adoptive Transfer ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Expression Studies ◽  
Rag 1 ◽  
Gene Expression Studies ◽  
Gene Ontologies ◽  
Deficient Mice

In animal models of acute lung injury (ALI), gene expression studies have focused on the acute phase of illness, with little emphasis on resolution. In this study, the acute phase of intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (IT LPS)-induced lung injury was similar in wild-type (WT) and recombinase-activating gene-1-deficient (Rag-1−/−) lymphocyte-deficient mice, but resolution was impaired and resolution-phase lung gene expression remained different from baseline only in Rag-1−/− mice. By focusing on groups of genes involved in similar biological processes (gene ontologies) pertinent to inflammation and the immune response, we identified 102 genes at days 4 and 10 after IT LPS with significantly different expression between WT and Rag-1−/− mice. After adoptive transfer of isolated CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) to Rag-1−/− mice at the time of IT LPS, resolution was similar to that in WT mice. Of the 102 genes distinctly changed in either WT or Rag-1−/− mice from our 7 gene ontologies, 19 genes reverted from the Rag-1−/− to the WT pattern of expression after adoptive transfer of Tregs, implicating those 19 genes in Treg-mediated resolution of ALI.

scholarly journals Sustained inflation at birth did not protect preterm fetal sheep from lung injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (6) ◽  
pp. L446-L453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah H. Hillman ◽  
Matthew W. Kemp ◽  
Peter B. Noble ◽  
Suhas G. Kallapur ◽  
Alan H. Jobe
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Lung Fluid ◽  
Sustained Inflation ◽  
Proinflammatory Responses ◽  
Residual Capacity

Sustained lung inflations (SI) at birth may recruit functional residual capacity (FRC). Clinically, SI increase oxygenation and decrease need for intubation in preterm infants. We tested whether a SI to recruit FRC would decrease lung injury from subsequent ventilation of fetal, preterm lambs. The preterm fetus (128 ± 1 day gestation) was exteriorized from the uterus, a tracheostomy was performed, and fetal lung fluid was removed. While maintaining placental circulation, fetuses were randomized to one of four 15-min interventions: 1) positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 8 cmH2O ( n = 4), 2) 20 s SI to 50 cmH2O then PEEP 8 cmH2O ( n = 10), 3) mechanical ventilation at tidal volume (VT) 7 ml/kg ( n = 13), or 4) 20 s SI then ventilation at VT 7 ml/kg ( n = 13). Lambs were ventilated with 95% N2/5% CO2 and PEEP 8 cmH2O. Volume recruitment was measured during SI, and fetal tissues were collected after an additional 30 min on placental support. SI achieved a mean FRC recruitment of 15 ml/kg (range 8–27). Fifty percent of final FRC was achieved by 2 s, 65% by 5 s, and 90% by 15 s, demonstrating prolonged SI times are needed to recruit FRC. SI alone released acute-phase proteins into the fetal lung fluid and increased mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines and acute-phase response genes in the lung. Mechanical ventilation further increased all markers of lung injury. SI before ventilation, regardless of the volume of FRC recruited, did not alter the acute-phase and proinflammatory responses to mechanical ventilation at birth.

Evolution of Endotoxin-Induced Lung Injury in the Rat beyond the Acute Phase

Pathobiology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Domenici ◽  
L. Pieri ◽  
M.B. Gallè ◽  
P. Romagnoli ◽  
C. Adembri
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Acute Phase

Acute lung injury using oleic acid in the laboratory rat: establishment of a working model and evidence against free radicals in the acute phase

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
CPT Rebecca M McGuigan ◽  
CPT Philip Mullenix ◽  
MAJ Lewis L Norlund ◽  
MAJ David Ward ◽  
MAJ Michael Walts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Working Model ◽  
Laboratory Rat

scholarly journals Comparison of direct and indirect models of early induced acute lung injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Chimenti ◽  
Luis Morales-Quinteros ◽  
Ferranda Puig ◽  
Marta Camprubi-Rimblas ◽  
Raquel Guillamat-Prats ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Acid Aspiration ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Gastric Contents ◽  
Bacterial Superinfection

Abstract Background The animal experimental counterpart of human acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is acute lung injury (ALI). Most models of ALI involve reproducing the clinical risk factors associated with human ARDS, such as sepsis or acid aspiration; however, none of these models fully replicates human ARDS. Aim To compare different experimental animal models of ALI, based on direct or indirect mechanisms of lung injury, to characterize a model which more closely could reproduce the acute phase of human ARDS. Materials and methods Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to intratracheal instillations of (1) HCl to mimic aspiration of gastric contents; (2) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic bacterial infection; (3) HCl followed by LPS to mimic aspiration of gastric contents with bacterial superinfection; or (4) cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to induce peritonitis and mimic sepsis. Rats were sacrificed 24 h after instillations or 24 h after CLP. Results At 24 h, rats instilled with LPS or HCl-LPS had increased lung permeability, alveolar neutrophilic recruitment and inflammatory markers (GRO/KC, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6). Rats receiving only HCl or subjected to CLP had no evidence of lung injury. Conclusions Rat models of ALI induced directly by LPS or HCl-LPS more closely reproduced the acute phase of human ARDS than the CLP model of indirectly induced ALI.

scholarly journals Acute lung injury induced by whole gastric fluid: hepatic acute phase response contributes to increase lung antiprotease protection

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Ayala ◽  
Manuel Meneses ◽  
Pablo Olmos ◽  
Rebeca Montalva ◽  
Karla Droguett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Response ◽  
Gastric Fluid ◽  
Phase Response

scholarly journals Changes in matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in the tears and blood serum of patients with herpetic keratoconjunctivitis under the influence of antiherpetic antibodies and nimesulide

Pathologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
P. H. Pantielieiev ◽  
I. S. Haidash
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinases ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Tear Fluid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Inhibitors ◽  
Lacrimal Fluid ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Convalescence Phase

Aim. The aim of the study was to study changes in matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in the tears and blood serum of patients with herpetic keratoconjunctivitis under the influence of antiherpetic antibodies and nimesulide. Materials and methods.65 adult patients with herpetic keratoconjunctivitis (HKC) caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) were examined. The etiological diagnosis of HKC was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. The control group consisted of 32 patients who received basic treatment with acyclovir and interferon in the affected eye. The main group consisted of 33 patients who received antiherpetic immunoglobulin and nimesulide in addition to basic therapy. Immunoglobulin was administered intramuscularly and instilled into the affected eye, and nimesulide was administered orally. The control group consisted of 38 practically healthy adults. Matrix metalloproteinases MMP-1, MMP-8, and MMP-9 and their tissue inhibitors TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were determined by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay in the tear fluid and blood serum of patients. The results of the study were processed according to the Student's criterion. Results. With HKC in the affected eye, in the acute phase of the disease, there are: an increase in the concentrations of MMP-1, MMP-8, MMP-9, both in the tear fluid and in the blood serum of patients; a decrease in the concentrations of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in the tear fluid, with unchanged levels of these compounds in the blood serum; violation of the balance in the corresponding MMP/TIMP systems to the advantage of MMP. In the convalescence phase, these shifts in the concentrations of MMPs, TIMPs and the balance between them significantly decrease, but their complete normalization does not occur, which is most significant for tear fluid than for the blood serum of convalescents. The combination of antiherpetic immunoglobulin and nimesulide helps to inhibit the exces production of MMP-1, MMP-8, MMP-9 in the lacrimal fluid of the causal eye and in the blood serum of patients, optimizes the level of TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and balance in the corresponding MMPs/TIMPs systems. Conclusion. In the acute phase of SCC, MMPs activity prevails, in the convalescence phase, TIMPs activity prevails. The combination of antiherpetic immunoglobulin and nimesulide has a positive effect on the state of MMPs and TIMPs in the lacrimal fluid of the causal eye and in the blood serum of patients.

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