scholarly journals Association between clinical symptoms and apolipoprotein A1 or apolipoprotein B levels is regulated by apolipoprotein E variant rs429358 in patients with chronic schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwang Rao ◽  
Xiangfei Meng ◽  
Keqing Li ◽  
Yunshu Zhang ◽  
Xiang Yang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Apolipoprotein E ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Allele Carrier ◽  
Allele Distribution ◽  
Syndrome Scale

Abstract Background The apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphisms are correlated with blood lipid levels and several neuropsychiatric symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to examine whether the ApoE rs429358 affected the development and clinical symptoms of schizophrenia and to explore the relationship between apolipoproteins levels and clinical symptoms. Methods The ApoE rs429358 was genotyped using a case–control design. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was employed to evaluate the psychopathology of all patients. Results A total of 637 patients with schizophrenia and 467 healthy controls were recruited. We found no significant differences in the genotype and allele distribution between the patient and control groups. A significant correlation between PANSS negative symptoms and ApoA1 levels (p = 0.048) or ApoB levels (p = 0.001) was found in patients with schizophrenia, which was also confirmed by linear regression analyses (p = 0.048 vs. p = 0.001). Interestingly, only in the T homozygote group, ApoA1 and ApoB levels were predictors of the PANSS negative symptom score (p = 0.008 vs. p = 0.012), while in the C allele carrier group, no correlation was observed. Conclusions This study found that the levels of ApoA1 and ApoB were negatively associated with negative symptoms of patients with schizophrenia. Furthermore, the association between ApoA1 or ApoB levels and psychopathology of schizophrenia was regulated by ApoE rs429358.

Neuropsychological Deficits and Concomitant Clinical Symptoms in Schizophrenia

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard W. Müller ◽  
Gudrun Sartory ◽  
Stefan Bender
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Neuropsychological Deficits ◽  
Word Fluency ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Healthy Control

The most frequently reported neuropsychological deficits in schizophrenia are those of attention, executive function, and verbal memory. Whereas the former appear to be related to negative symptoms of schizophrenia, there is little agreement about which clinical symptoms are related to the verbal memory deficit. The aim of the present study was to delineate further the pattern of neuropsychological deficits in schizophrenia—especially those of verbal memory—and their relationship to clinical symptoms. One hundred patients with chronic schizophrenia and 62 healthy control subjects took part in the study. Assessments of patients took place within the first 3 weeks after admission to hospital. Nine neuropsychological tests, mainly measuring executive and memory function and attention, were administered to all subjects, and clinical symptoms, such as psychotic and negative symptoms and conceptual disorganization, were assessed in patients by means of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Patients showed widespread cognitive deficits with verbal memory impairment best discriminating patients and controls. Conceptual disorganization was partly accounted for by poor verbal memory and a low IQ estimate, and negative symptoms by deficient word fluency; positive symptoms were not significantly related to cognitive deficits. The results indicate that there is a specific relationship between neuropsychological deficits and the more chronic of the clinical symptoms.

scholarly journals Pattern of Attentional Task Impairment in Schizophrenic Patients: A Study Report

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shailja Singh ◽  
Tapas Kumar Aich ◽  
Sanjeev Ranjan ◽  
Abhinav Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Positive Symptom ◽  
Clinical Psychologist ◽  
Attentional Processing ◽  
Attentional Deficits ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Attentional Tasks

The present study attempted to find out the relationship between positive and negative clinical symptoms and  various attentional task impairment in a group of schizophrenic patients. METHODS: Fifty schizophrenic patients were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale  (PANSS) by a trained psychiatrist (TKA) who was blind to attentional test measures and two groups, each of 25  positive symptom and 25 negative symptom schizophrenic patients, were formed. On these 50 patients with  schizophrenia and 15 normal control groups, various attentional test measures were applied by a clinical  psychologist (SS) who remained blind to the PANSS score. RESULTS: It was found that schizophrenic patients were deficient in performing simple auditory and visual  attentional tasks in comparison to normal subjects. The results of this study are inconsistent with the assumption  that deficits in attention are uniquely associated with negative symptoms. The findings clearly support the  hypothesis of a relationship between type of attentional processing and “dimensions” of schizophrenic  symptomatology. The positive symptoms patients seem to be associated with attentional dysfunction especially  selective attention and short term recall, whereas negative symptoms patients seem to be associated with different  types of attentional deficits, e.g., sustained attention and visual attention. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of our study are consistent with the existing literature that schizophrenic patients  in general perform poorly on various measures of attentional tasks. Positive and negative symptoms  schizophrenics have some correlation with distinct attentional deficits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v1i2.8402 Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol.1(2) 2013: 1-7

scholarly journals Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor Serum Level and Severity Symptom of Bataknese Male Patients with Schizophrenia in North Sumatera, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1957-1961
Author(s):  
Deasy Hendriati ◽  
Elemeida Effendy ◽  
Mustafa Mahfud Amin ◽  
Vita Camellia ◽  
Muhammad Surya Husada
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Negative Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that is multi-causative and multi-factor, generally affecting about 1% of the population. The elevation level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) offers several protections from other neurodegenerative processes that occur in schizophrenia since this deficit of neurotrophic factors can contribute to changes in brain structure and function that underlie the schizophrenia psychopathology.AIM: To analyse the correlation between BDNF serum levels and symptom severity by using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) instrument in Bataknese male patients with schizophreniaMETHODS: This study was a correlative analytical study with a cross-sectional approach using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) instrument to assess symptom severity with 60 subjects of Bataknese male patients with chronic schizophrenia. Moreover, this research was conducted at the Psychiatric Hospital of Prof. Dr M. Ildrem Medan, Indonesia. BDNF serum was analysed with the Quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique by via Quantikine ELISA Human CXCL8/IL-8 HS. Also, the data analysis was performed through Spearman's correlative bivariate analytics using SPSS software.RESULTS: A negative correlation between the BDNF serum level and the negative scale PANSS score in men with schizophrenia (r = -0.820, p < 0.001) was found. Moreover, there is a negative correlation between BDNF serum levels and PANSS total scores in men with schizophrenia (r = -0.648, p < 0.001)CONCLUSION: BDNF serum level in Bataknese male patients with schizophrenia has a relationship that affects the severity of symptoms in schizophrenic patients, especially for negative symptoms.

scholarly journals Sex-dependent effect on the association of COMT Val158Met polymorphism with schizophrenia clinical symptoms and cognitive impairment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Xu ◽  
Yongjie Zhou ◽  
Jiesi Wang ◽  
Meihong Xiu ◽  
Dachun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Positive Symptoms ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Immediate Memory ◽  
Neuropsychological Status ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Abstract Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met (rs4680) polymorphism is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, which is related to the regulation of dopamine transmission in the prefrontal cortex. Recent studies have shown that the influence of COMT Val158Met variation is sexually dimorphic. This study aims to explore the possible effect of the interaction between COMT Val158Met polymorphism and sex on patients’ clinical characteristics and cognitive function. 367 inpatients with chronic schizophrenia (246 males and 121 females) and 419 healthy controls (172 males and 247 females) are recruited. The cognitive performances are assessed by Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), and the COMT Val158Met polymorphism is genotyped. The psychopathological symptoms of the patients are assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). We find that: 1) sex difference in the allele frequency and genotype distribution of COMT Val158Met are found only in schizophrenia patients; 2) there is sex × COMT genotype interaction in positive symptoms, immediate memory, attention, and RBANS total score indexes in patients with schizophrenia; 3) mainly in the male patients’ sample, Val/Val carriers exhibit more positive symptoms and more severe cognitive impairment than Met carriers. These findings suggest that COMT Val158Met polymorphism is associated with the risk and severity of schizophrenia in a sexually dimorphic way, which is helpful to understand the factors that may lead to different manifestations of male and female patients with schizophrenia.

Acute and Long-term Memantine Add-on Treatment to Risperidone Improves Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with Acute and Chronic Schizophrenia

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Schaefer ◽  
Susanne Sarkar ◽  
Ines Theophil ◽  
Karolina Leopold ◽  
Andreas Heinz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Immediate Memory ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Negative Syndrome

Abstract Introduction Patients with schizophrenia are mainly characterized by negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction. In this proof-of-concept study we tested effects on cognition and negative symptoms of a 6- or 24-week memantine add-on treatment to risperidone in patients with acute or chronic schizophrenia. Materials and Methods Patients with an acute episode of schizophrenia (n=11) and predominating positive symptoms were randomized to a 6-week add-on treatment with memantine (10 mg twice a day) versus placebo and patients with chronic schizophrenia (n=13) and negative symptoms were randomized to a 24-week add-on treatment with memantine (10 mg twice a day) versus placebo. All patients received antipsychotic medication with risperidone (2–8 mg/day). Psychopathological changes were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) at baseline and after 2, 4, 6, 12, and 24 weeks. Cognitive function was measured at baseline, after 6 weeks, and 24 weeks. Results Patients with acute schizophrenia who received add-on treatment with memantine showed a significantly higher performance in attention intensity (p=0.043), problem-solving (p=0.043), verbal learning (p=0.050), and flexibility (p=0.049). Patients with chronic schizophrenia showed a significantly higher immediate memory in the memantine group compared to the placebo group (p=0.033) and a significantly greater reduction of the PANSS sum score if compared to the placebo group. Discussions Our study gives further evidence that memantine add-on treatment to risperidone may have neuroprotective effects and improve cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia. ClinicalTrials.gov Number: NCT00148590 and NCT00148616.

scholarly journals Effects of High-Frequency rTMS on Negative Symptoms and Cognitive Function in Hospitalized Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia: A Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Pilot Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Wen ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Xuemeng Miao ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Yaoyao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Immediate Memory ◽  
Left Dlpfc

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over left dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex (DLPFC) in ameliorating negative symptoms and cognitive impairments in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Fifty-two patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly assigned to two groups: active rTMS group and sham rTMS group, with existing antipsychotic drugs combined 20 sessions of 10 Hz active/sham rTMS over DLPFC (20 min/session, 5 times/week). The PANSS, RBANS, and SCWT were used to evaluate the clinical symptoms and cognitive functions of the patients. Our results indicated significant improvements in clinical symptoms (PANSS total and subscale scores) and cognitive functions (RBANS total and subscale scores, card 1 and card 3 of the SCWT test) (All p &lt;0.05) after 4-week intervention both in active and sham rTMS group. Moreover, the active rTMS group showed more effective on ameliorating negative symptoms (p = 0.002), immediate memory (p = 0.016) and delayed memory (p = 0.047) compared to the sham group. Interestingly, PANSS negative symptom scores was negatively correlated with RBANS language scores in the real stimulation group (p = 0.046). The study found that the high frequency rTMS stimulation over left DLPFC as a supplement to antipsychotics may have potential benefits in improving clinical symptoms and cognitive functions in patients with chronic schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Homocysteine level, body mass index and clinical correlates in Chinese Han patients with schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Huang ◽  
Kai Wu ◽  
Hehua Li ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Dongsheng Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
High Bmi

Abstract Obesity is common comorbidity in patients with schizophrenia. Previous studies have reported that homocysteine (Hcy) is increased in schizophrenia. However, no study has reported the association between BMI and Hcy levels in schizophrenia. This cross-sectional naturalistic study aimed to evaluate the relationship between BMI, Hcy and clinical symptoms in Chinese Han patients with chronic schizophrenia. Clinical and anthropometric data as well as plasma Hcy level and glycolipid parameters were collected. Psychopathology was measured with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Our results showed that compared with the low BMI group, the high BMI group had a higher PANSS general psychopathology subscore, higher levels of blood glucose, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (all p < 0.05). Hcy levels were negatively associated with BMI in patients (p < 0.001). Hcy level, the PANSS general psychopathology subscale, total cholesterol and education (all p < 0.05) were the influencing factors of high BMI. Our study suggest that Hcy level may be associated with BMI in patients with schizophrenia. Moreover, patients with high BMI show more severe clinical symptoms and higher glucose and lipid levels.

scholarly journals Increased plasma leptin as a novel predictor for psychopathological depressive symptoms in chronic schizophrenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. e100018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjie Xu ◽  
Yumei Jiao ◽  
Mengjuan Xing ◽  
Yezhe Lin ◽  
Yousong Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Plasma Leptin ◽  
Negative Syndrome

BackgroundDepressive symptoms are often seen in schizophrenia. The overlap in presentation makes it difficult to distinguish depressive symptoms from the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The adipokine leptin was found to be altered in both depression and schizophrenia. There are few studies focusing on the prediction of leptin in diagnosis and evaluation of depressive symptoms in schizophrenia.ObjectiveAimsTo assess the plasma leptin level in patients with schizophrenia and its relationships with depressive symptoms.MethodsCross-sectional studies were applied to (1) compare the levels of plasma leptin between schizophrenia (n=74) and healthy controls (n=50); and (2) investigate the relationship between plasma leptin levels and depressive subscores.Results(1) Plasma leptin levels were significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia than in healthy controls. (2) Correlation analysis revealed a significant negative association between leptin levels and the depressed factor scores on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). (3) Stepwise multiple regression analyses identified leptin as an influencing factor for depressed factor score on PANSS.ConclusionLeptin may serve as a predictor for the depressive symptoms of chronic schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Mindfulness-based intervention improves residual negative symptoms and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: a randomized controlled follow-up study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hui Shen ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Yuhuan Li ◽  
Denise Zheng ◽  
Lizhao Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
General Rehabilitation

Abstract Background Residual negative symptoms and cognitive impairment are common for chronic schizophrenia patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia patients with residual negative symptoms. Methods In this 6-week, randomized, single-blind, controlled study, a total of 100 schizophrenia patients with residual negative symptoms were randomly assigned to the MBI or control group. The 6-week MBI group and the control group with general rehabilitation programs maintained their original antipsychotic treatments. The scores for the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), and the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) were recorded at baseline and week 6 to assess psychotic symptoms, cognitive performance, and emotional state, respectively. Results Compared with general rehabilitation programs, MBI alleviated the PANSS-negative subscore, general psychopathology subscore, and PANSS total score in schizophrenia patients with residual negative symptoms (F = 33.77, pBonferroni < 0.001; F = 42.01, pBonferroni < 0.001; F = 52.41, pBonferroni < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, MBI improved RBANS total score and immediate memory subscore (F = 8.80, pBonferroni = 0.024; F = 11.37, pBonferroni = 0.006), as well as SCL-90 total score in schizophrenia patients with residual negative symptoms (F = 18.39, pBonferroni < 0.001). Conclusions Our results demonstrate that MBI helps schizophrenia patients with residual negative symptoms improve clinical symptoms including negative symptom, general psychopathology symptom, and cognitive impairment. Trial registration ChiCTR2100043803.

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