scholarly journals Differentiation of Trichinella species (Trichinella spiralis/Trichinella britovi versus Trichinella pseudospiralis) using western blot

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Angeles Gómez-Morales ◽  
Alessandra Ludovisi ◽  
Marco Amati ◽  
Simona Cherchi ◽  
Daniele Tonanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Trichinella Britovi ◽  
Trichinella Pseudospiralis

scholarly journals Distribution of Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and Trichinella pseudospiralis in the Diaphragms and T. spiralis and T. britovi in the Tongues of Experimentally Infected Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Gondek ◽  
Przemysław Knysz ◽  
Renata Pyz-Łukasik ◽  
Anna Łukomska ◽  
Anna Kuriga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Trichinella Britovi ◽  
Trichinella Pseudospiralis ◽  
Epidemiological Surveys ◽  
Inflammatory Pattern ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Pig Carcasses

There is little or even no data in the global literature on the distribution of different species of Trichinella in the individual parts of the diaphragms and tongues in infected pigs. This is of particular importance from the food safety point of view and for the conduct of routine testing of pig carcasses for Trichinella as well as epidemiological surveys. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the distribution of Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis), Trichinella britovi (T. britovi), and Trichinella pseudospiralis (T. pseudospiralis) ML in various parts of the diaphragm (the pillars, costal, and sternal part) and the distribution of encapsulated species of Trichinella (T. spiralis and T. britovi) in various parts of the tongues (the tip, body, and root) of experimentally infected pigs. The diaphragm pillars were the most heavily parasitized part of the diaphragm both in groups of pigs infected with particular species of Trichinella and in groups of pigs presenting different levels of infection; however, statistical differences were observed only in the group of pigs with moderate (21–35 larvae per gram-lpg) or moderately high (35–55 lpg) intensity of Trichinella spp. infection in the entire diaphragm. In all groups of pigs, regardless of the infecting Trichinella species or infection level, larvae showed a homogeneous distribution on both sides of the diaphragm and excluding those of T. pseudospiralis, also in all three parts of the tongue. Histological examination showed features of a differential inflammatory response around larvae of the different Trichinella species. This study confirmed that for mandatory examination of pig carcasses using a pooled-sample digestion assay in which each pig is intended to be represented by a 1 gram sample taken from the diaphragm pillars, if that tissue is not available, the mass of the sample taken from the remaining diaphragm parts (costal or sternal) should be at least double that from the pillars. Histological findings confirmed that the inflammatory pattern of pig muscles varies depending on the Trichinella species triggering the infection and is less intense in the case of infections with T. pseudospiralis than in infections with encapsulated species of Trichinella (T. spiralis and T. britovi).

scholarly journals Species composition of Trichinella in domestic and wild animals in Bulgaria

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
N. Lalkovski
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Wild Boars ◽  
Domestic Pigs ◽  
Trichinella Britovi ◽  
Trichinella Pseudospiralis

Four Trichinella species cause trichinellosis in Europe: Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, Trichinella nativа and Trichinella pseudospiralis. The aim of our study was to determine the preponderance of Trichinella species in Bulgaria. The research covered the period 2010–2016. Molecular analysis was performed with 120 Trichinella isolates. Two species were discovered: Trichinella britovi and Trichinella spiralis. T. britovi predominated over T. spiralis – 113 isolates (94.17%) and 7 (5.83%) respectively. Both species were identified in domestic pigs and wild boars, with T. britovi: T.spiralis ratios in 45:1 in wild boars and 1:1 in domestic pigs. T. britovi was the geographically more widespread species. It was found in samples from domestic and wild animals from all over the country, while T. spiralis has only been found in several areas.

scholarly journals Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Serum from Pigs Experimentally Infected with Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and Trichinella pseudospiralis

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Gondek ◽  
Agnieszka Herosimczyk ◽  
Przemysław Knysz ◽  
Małgorzata Ożgo ◽  
Adam Lepczyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Uninfected Control ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Chain ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Trichinella Britovi ◽  
Trichinella Pseudospiralis ◽  
Comparative Proteomic Analysis

Although the available proteomic studies have made it possible to identify and characterize Trichinella stage-specific proteins reacting with infected host-specific antibodies, the vast majority of these studies do not provide any information about changes in the global proteomic serum profile of Trichinella-infested individuals. In view of the above, the present study aimed to examine the protein expression profile of serum obtained at 13 and 60 days postinfection (d.p.i.) from three groups of pigs experimentally infected with Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, and Trichinella pseudospiralis and from uninfected, control pigs by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. The comparative proteomic analysis of the T. spiralis group vs. the control group revealed 5 differently expressed spots at both 13 and 60 d.p.i. Experimental infection with T. britovi induced significant expression changes in 3 protein spots at 13 d.p.i. and in 6 protein spots at 60 d.p.i. in comparison with the control group. Paired analyses between the group infected with T. pseudospiralis and the uninfected control group revealed 6 differently changed spots at 13 d.p.i. and 2 differently changed spots at 60 d.p.i. Among these 27 spots, 15 were successfully identified. Depending on the Trichinella species triggering the infection and the time point of serum collection, they were IgM heavy-chain constant region, antithrombin III-precursor, immunoglobulin gamma-chain, clusterin, homeobox protein Mohawk, apolipoprotein E precursor, serum amyloid P-component precursor, Ig lambda chains, complement C3 isoform X1, and apolipoprotein A-I. Our results demonstrate that various Trichinella species and different phases of the invasion produce a distinct, characteristic proteomic pattern in the serum of experimentally infected pigs.

scholarly journals Differences in larval survival and IgG response patterns in long-lasting infections by Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi and Trichinella pseudospiralis in pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Pozio ◽  
Giuseppe Merialdi ◽  
Elio Licata ◽  
Giacinto Della Casa ◽  
Massimo Fabiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Response Patterns ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
Trichinella Britovi ◽  
Trichinella Pseudospiralis ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Reservoir Hosts ◽  
Igg Level

Abstract Background Domesticated and wild swine play an important role as reservoir hosts of Trichinella spp. and a source of infection for humans. Little is known about the survival of Trichinella larvae in muscles and the duration of anti-Trichinella antibodies in pigs with long-lasting infections. Methods Sixty pigs were divided into three groups of 20 animals and infected with 10,000 larvae of Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi or Trichinella pseudospiralis. Four pigs from each group were sacrificed at 2, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post-infection (p.i.) and the number of larvae per gram (LPG) of muscles was calculated. Serum samples were tested by ELISA and western blot using excretory/secretory (ES) and crude antigens. Results Trichinella spiralis showed the highest infectivity and immunogenicity in pigs and larvae survived in pig muscles for up to 2 years p.i. In these pigs, the IgG level significantly increased at 30 days p.i. and reached a peak at about 60 days p.i., remaining stable until the end of the experiment. In T. britovi-infected pigs, LPG was about 70 times lower than for T. spiralis at 2 months p.i. and only very few infecting larvae were detected at 6 months p.i., whereas no larvae were detected at 12, 18 and 24 months p.i. At 6 months p.i., degenerated/calcified larvae and cysts were detected in the muscles by trichinoscopy and histology. The IgG pattern showed by T. britovi-infected pigs was similar to that of T. spiralis-infected pigs, although seroconversion occurred some days later. The larval burden of T. pseudospiralis was slightly greater than for T. britovi at 2 months p.i., but no larvae were detected at 6 and 12 months p.i. In T. pseudospiralis-infected pigs, seroconversion occurred slowly, as in T. britovi-infected pigs. The IgG level showed a significant drop at 6 months p.i. and declining to the cut-off value at 12 months p.i. Conclusions The longer survival of T. spiralis in pigs in comparison with the other two species highlights its exceptional dissemination potential. These results provide an explanation of the controversial data collected by parasitological and serological tools in the course of epidemiological investigations.

A panel of antigens of muscle larvae of Trichinella spiralis and T. pseudospiralis as revealed by two-dimensional Western blot and immunoelectron microscopy

Parasitology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 615-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. WU ◽  
I. NAGANO ◽  
Y. TAKAHASHI
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Trichinella Spiralis ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Microscopical Study ◽  
Detectable Level ◽  
Antigenic Peptides ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Muscle Larvae ◽  
Isoelectric Points

This study characterized antigens of Trichinella spiralis and T. pseudospiralis muscle larvae recognized by mice infected with the worms. Two-dimensional (2-D) Western blot analysis revealed some profile of antigenic peptides including: (1) molecular weight (MW); (2) isoelectric points (pI), (3) reactivity to well-defined monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and (4) cross-reactivity between the 2 species. Antigenic peptides of T. spiralis consisted of about 100 spots. The MW ranged from 22 to 80 kDa, and pI ranged from 4 to 7. The mAb against TSL-1 stained most of the T. spiralis excretory–secretory (E–S) peptides migrating at 40, 45 and 50 kDa, and the mAb against TSL-4 stained non-E–S peptides. Antigenic peptides of T. pseudospiralis consisted of about 20 to 30 peptide spots. The MW ranged from 25 to 80 kDa, and pI ranged from 4 to 7. The mAb against TSL-1 stained most of the T. pseudospiralis E–S peptides migrating at 35 and 45 kDa, and the mAb against TSL-4 stained non-E–S peptides. Two-dimensional Western blots showed that the E–S products of T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis were highly cross-reactive with each other. The non-E–S peptides were, however, not recognized by T. pseudospiralis-infected sera but were recognized by T. spiralis-infected sera. An immunoelectron microscopical study showed the similar result that stichocyte granules and cuticle surface (known to contain E–S antigen) had cross-reactive antigens between the two species. T. pseudospiralis-infected sera stained very weakly the cuticle inner layers and haemolymph (known to contain non-E–S antigen). This evidence implies that mice infected with T. pseudospiralis do not evoke antibodies against non-E–S antigen at the detectable level.

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